18,176 Matching Annotations
  1. Last 7 days
    1. Q&A with Typewriter Collector Steve Soboroff by [[American Writers Museum]]

    2. I had this discussion with Tom Hanks, who had the same typewriter repairman as I do, about how he collects for the type of typewriter and I collect for who used them.
    3. They also last so long. Andy Rooney, whose typewriter I have, wrote a piece about his typewriter. He said he had six computers, and they’re obsolete on purpose. He said, “I’ve had one typewriter and I put another ribbon in and it’s good for another 25 years.”
    1. Forrester: No thinking - that comes later. You must write your first draft with your heart. You rewrite with your head. The first key to writing is... to write, not to think!

      https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0181536/quotes

      In this quote from Finding Forrester (Columbia Pictures, 2000) Forrester (portrayed by Sean Connery) turns the idea that writing is thinking on its head.

    1. So, how do you actually transfer a book with a systematic theory into your ZK/Evergreen notes?

      reply to u/judugrovee at https://www.reddit.com/r/Zettelkasten/comments/1cb1s8j/so_how_do_you_actually_transfer_a_book_with_a/

      Others here have written some good advice about the note taking portions, but perhaps some of your issue is with your reading method. To reframe this, I recommend you take a look at How to Read a Book: The Classical Guide to Intelligent Reading (Touchstone, 2011) by Mortimer J. Adler and Charles Van Doren and Adler's earlier article “How to Mark a Book" (Saturday Review of Literature, July 6, 1940. https://www.unz.com/print/SaturdayRev-1940jul06-00011/)

      The careful reader will notice that they recommend a lot of the same sorts of note making and annotation practices as Ahrens does (and by extension Luhmann), though their notes are being written in the margins and in the front and back pages of the book. On the reading front, you may be conflating some of the reading/understanding/learning work with the note taking and sense making portions. If instead, you do a quick inspectional read followed by a read through prior to doing a more analytical read you'll find that you have a stronger understanding of the material conceptually. Some of the material you took expansive notes on before will likely seem basic and not require the sorts of permanent notes you've been making. Your cognitive load will have been lessened and you'll instead spend more productive time making fewer, but more useful permanent notes in the end.

      On the first reads through, reframe your work as coming to a general understanding of what is going on while you're creating a quick-and-dirty personal index of what is interesting in the work. On subsequent focus, you can hone in on the most important pieces of what the author is saying with respect to your own interests and work. It's here that the dovetailing of good reading method and good note making method will shine for you, and importantly help cut down on what may seem like busywork.

      It's not often discussed in some of the ZK space, but reading method can be even more important than note taking method. And at the end of the day, your particular needs and regular practice (practice, and more practice) will eventually help hone your work into something more valuable to you over time. Eventually you'll more quickly rise to the level of what C. Wright Mills called "intellectual craftsmanship" (1952).

    1. https://www.reddit.com/r/typewriters/comments/1caofcz/how_to_get_my_silentsuper_to_not_rotate_to_the/

      Because of aging, the rubber feet of many typewriters can harden thereby reducing their friction against the table on which they sit. As a result, this can cause one's typewriter to "walk" across the table as they type for extended periods necessitating their recentering from time to time. To remedy this, one could use custom made typewriter mats with rubber bottoms to prevent this walking as well as to protect the table underneath. Other options which may also work are either wool or felt pads from fabric stores or from Chinese/Japanese calligraphy stationers. In Japanese these mats are called shitajiki.

    1. reply to u/bastugubbar at https://www.reddit.com/r/typewriters/comments/1ca8nwk/i_for_one_welcome_our_new_taylor_swift_overlords/

      Let's be honest here, the most recent typewriter reference (presumably to that of an ex-boyfriend) is certainly not her first. I'm a modest Swiftie at best (from a trivia perspective), preferring to think of her work as poetry rather than musical pop-culture, so I imagine her more as a quill pen sort of writer, though my notes indicate she does take some of her notes for composition using her cell phone.

      This being said, a few years back she did feature a red Sears Cutlass in All Too Well (10 Minute Version) (Taylor's Version) at the 8:28 mark, which hasn't driven the cost of these through the roof, though I have seen one listed for $1,000 (it unsurprisingly didn't sell for that.) For more here see Robert Messenger at OzTypewriter and Ryan Schocket for Buzzfeed. It's not listed anymore, but this past Christmas, she also had a red typewriter Christmas tree ornament in her online store.

      Those who were privileged to attend the recent Eras Tour (or see it on Disney+) saw groups of typewriters in the background during several songs.

      She's been featuring typewriters for a bit now and it hasn't driven prices through the roof any more than the typewriter renaissance that's been going on for the last few years or so. I suspect that this new round of references isn't going to shift things significantly.

      If she does go full-typewriter, which model(s) do you suspect she'd be using amidst the pantheon of other writers? I'd suggest she may be romantic enough to do a late 40's Smith-Corona Clipper... or perhaps while jet-setting a Skyriter?

      Type on!

    1. “Business Machines.” The Journal of Business Education, September 1, 1930. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00219444.1930.10771593.

    2. Either system canbe s tart ed with a small li stof captions and be increasedscientifically.

      Scientific principles had bled so thoroughly into both culture and business that even advertising for filing systems in business in the 1930 featured their ability to be used and expanded scientifically.

    3. The Varidex is the name given to onemethod-a direct expanding index made inletter , bill and le gal sizes. In this systemthe general plan of tab positions is similarto the direct alphabetic system. It main-tains the fam iliar sectional arrangementfor guide s, individual and )Jliscellaneousfo ld er s.
    1. Simões, Luciana G., Rita Peyroteo-Stjerna, Grégor Marchand, Carolina Bernhardsson, Amélie Vialet, Darshan Chetty, Erkin Alaçamlı, et al. “Genomic Ancestry and Social Dynamics of the Last Hunter-Gatherers of Atlantic France.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 121, no. 10 (March 5, 2024): e2310545121. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2310545121.

      saw via article:<br /> Europe's last hunter-gatherers avoided inbreeding by [[Dario Radley]]

    1. https://www.ebay.com/itm/375385572993

      Sold, presumably for $600 on 2024-04-20 with free shipping. This had previously been listed and relisted for 1000 reducing 100 every few weeks until now.

      Taylor Swift effect with her new album drop perhaps?

    1. How much "google-able" information do you have in your vault?

      reply to u/Lauchpferd at https://www.reddit.com/r/ObsidianMD/comments/1c6ydzp/how_much_googleable_information_do_you_have_in/

      This is the wrong question to be asking. If it were useful, then Google has everything already, so why bother? Let them do all the work for you.

      Most note taking methods were evolved to not only aid in sensemaking, but to help people with the exponentially growing "information overload" problem. Sure you can Google many things, but doing so usually provides "facts" and rarely ever actual insight. Thus: discover, collect, index, link, build.

      If you had to search every time to use a thing, you'd lose out most of your effort to the scourge of time when you've probably seen it before and could find it internally among your own collection of millions of things (with greater accuracy as well as reliability of the information you've previously vetted) versus Google's quadrillions of things which would all need to be vetted for relevancy, accuracy, and then placement among the thread of ideas you were attempting to potentially build toward. And once you've found it to place where you need it to make an argument or complete an argument, where will you put it? in your notes? And now you've come full circle.

      Save yourself the time and only do the job once.

      No piece of information is superior to any other. Power lies in having them all on file and then finding the connections. There are always connections; you have only to want to find them. —Umberto Eco

    1. Dreyfuss Henry (Doris) ind designer h500 Columbia SY9-7151 Riana huyeace oe +» « MU2-1500

      address and phone numbers for Henry Dreyfuss, the industrial designer responsible for the The Western Electric model 500 telephone series and the later princess phone.

      South Pasadena City Directory, 1961-1962<br /> by California Directory Publishing Co. https://archive.org/details/csp_000062/page/n21/mode/2up?view=theater

    1. Filofax:A5: 5 3/4" x 8 1/4"Personal: 3.75 x 6.75 6 hole (also Slimline)Pocket: 3.25 x 4.75 6 holeMini: 2 5/8" x 4 1/4"Franklin:Classic (Page Size: 5-1/2" x 8-1/2") 7-holePocket (Page Size: 3-1/2" x 6") 6-holeCompact (Page Size: 4-1/4" x 6-3/4") 6-holeMonarch (Page Size: 8-1/2" x 11") 7-holeCompact will fit a Personal size, but the wider size tends to get damaged and worn because it extends out to the end of the binder. It works and has some advantages, but some drawbacks.FC's Pocket fits nothing else in the world. The hole spacing is different.Monarch will fit a 3 ring binder, (US size).

      https://philofaxy.blogspot.com/2010/03/question-re-filofax-and-franklin-covey.html

      Franklin Compact should accommodate a FiloFax Personal size (at least in terms of the hole spacings.

  2. Apr 2024
    1. Mueller, Hans-Friedrich. The Pagan World: Ancient Religions Before Christianity (Course Guide). 1st ed. The Great Courses: History - Civilization and Culture 2852. Chantilly, VA: The Teaching Company, 2020. https://www.amazon.com/Pagan-World-Ancient-Religions-Christianity/dp/B084YV1YYT/.<br /> @Mueller2020a

      and the Streaming video version (Hoopla):<br /> Pagan World: Ancient Religions before Christianity. Streaming Video. The Great Courses. Chantilly, VA, 2020. https://www.hoopladigital.com/television/pagan-world-ancient-religions-before-christianity-hans-friedrich-mueller/14601704.<br /> @Mueller2020

    1. Ellebellemig

      reply to deleted u/Ellebellemig comment at https://www.reddit.com/r/Zettelkasten/comments/1c4kaps/giving_you_notes_a_unique_id_the_debate_continues/kzqf7rz/?context=3

      I was having a new look at (NotionApp I think) and notished a comment I made when I originally tested the app. I was told the comment was made ‘2 years ago’, with no way to see the actual date and time.

      Most apps simply steal your datetime and tell you a story about it. ‘3 days ago’. But is that friday or thursday ?

      Filesystems - and apps- cant be trusted on system datetime. With datetime in title and text you have an UID. You wont be blind later, and can freely move between apps and different OS.

      240416-0256

      I'll grant you that there are certainly applications which are poorly designed for use as tools within the zettelkasten space and don't take these things into account well (or at all). But your issue is sheerly backstop to duct tape over their poor design and in general is unlikely to provide you (or others without the knowledge or ability) with a better user interface in the case that you're looking for a timeline of notes. (Incidentally, in many web or related applications including Notion, hovering over the '3 days ago' title with your mouse will display a hover text with the exact date/time stamp.)

      The entire point of the question is that this sort of functionality should be basic table stakes for any note taking application. Yet here we are several years into an armada of new note taking applications, many of which are being used for zettelkasten or zettelkasten-like functionality which don't have this most basic feature built into them.

      So again, this issue (and the issue of accidentally overwriting a file by giving it the same name as a pre-existing file) aside, one has to ask, what direct affordance does providing a date/time stamp in a title or file name provide???

    2. KWoCurr 1 point2 points3 points 5 hours ago (0 children)I actually do use Dewey!

      reply to https://www.reddit.com/r/Zettelkasten/comments/1c4kaps/giving_you_notes_a_unique_id_the_debate_continues/kzop2yh/

      I'm with you on some of this, but let me play devil's advocate for a moment, so that we might hew closer to the question u/atomicnotes has posed:

      If a Dewey Decimal Number is equivalent to a topic heading or subject, then what is the difference between using these subject/category/tag headings and forgoing the work of translating into a DC number (a task which is far less straightforward for those without a library science). If there is a onto to one and onto correspondence there should mathematically be no difference.

      And how does one treat insightful material on geometry (516), for example, which comes from a book classified about political science (320-329)?

      In a similar vein, why not use Otlet's Universal Decimal Classification which more easily allows for the admixture of topics as well as time periods?


      Separately, I'll echo your valuable statement:

      "I think everyone stumbles into a system of their own. I suspect the best practice here is the one that works for you!"

    3. Most of my notes have a title that roughly conform to Dewey, often with an ersatz Cutter number for the author (that's a library science thing).

      This is the first time I've seen a mention of a Cutter number in the zettelkasten space.

    4. scholar Elaine Svenonius talks about the "invisible hand of the classification system" where you serendipitously find a book on the shelf that you didn't know you were seeking.

      I've always appreciated this serendipity, but never read a source talking about it specifically.

    1. Hopefully your scanning software will be smart enough to delete the "blank pages"; i.e. the images or pdfs created from scanning the blank back sides of cards.

      Another good reason never to write on the back of one's index cards is that it precludes the necessity of scanning the backs of cards for complete digital back ups.

      Without this one would need to scan all the backs and either handle the special cases of cards which did have backs or removing "blank" cards after the fact.

    1. Adler, Mortimer J. “How to Mark a Book.” Saturday Review of Literature, July 6, 1940.

      See also: https://hypothes.is/a/WZWWgnV2EeyFFBshJKbM4A

    2. Inthe case of good books, the point is notto see how many of them you can getthrough, but rather how many can getthrough you—how many you can makeyour own

      This is not only a nice quote by itself, but seems to be saying something deeper to me about productivity.

      There's a difference in productivity for it's own sake, but being both productive in the send of time spent efficiently and productive in the sense of producing something of greater value with your time than you might have spent doing something else which was less valuable, but which might still have been time well spent.

    3. I use the end-pa-pers at the back of the book to makea personal index of the author's pointsin the order of their appearance.

      Adler is indexing not just the topics, but he's doing it in the order of their temporal appearance in the book as they're used (presumably to make arguments). This then also becomes an outline of these arguments.

    4. Numbers of other pages in themargin: to indicate where else in thebook the author made points relevantto the point marked; to tie up theideas in a book, which, though theymay be separated by many pages, be-long together.

      Adler recommends annotating portions of books with page numbers for related ideas as a means to link those ideas together.

    5. It's like re-suming an interrupted conversationwith the advantage of being able topick up where you left off.And that is exactly what readinga book should be: a conversation be-tween you and the author.
    6. Finally, writ-ing helps you remember the thoughtsyou had, or the thoughts the authorexpressed.
    7. A book is morelike the score of a piece of music thanit is like a painting.
    8. Confusion about what it means toown a book leads people to a falsereverence for paper, binding, and type—a respect for the physical thing—thecraft of the printer rather than thegenius of the author.

      This sort of worship of objects extends to those who overbuy notebooks (or other stationery). It's nice to "own" them, but it's even more valuable to write your thoughts in them and use them as the tools they were meant to be.

      cross-reference: https://hypothes.is/a/sSgxLMGoEe6j8ccyyMeDTw

    9. Full owner-ship comes only when you have madeit a part of yourself, and the best wayto make yourself a part of it is bywriting in it.

      ownership [of a book]

    1. Eva Marie Saint

      In North by Northwest her character said she was 26 when Eva Marie Saint was approximately 35. Meanwhile Cary Grant was approximately 55.

    1. https://andysylvester.com/2024/04/12/knowledge-management-and-organizing-information-for-use/

      (6:13) Andy mentions lost "tribal knowledge" with respect to corporate information. This aphorism seems fairly regular in Western countries, but the interesting part about actual tribal knowledge is that it would have been stored with several people and spread out in ways to make the accidental deaths of individuals not able to take the knowledge to their graves with them.

    1. scihuy 0 points1 point2 points 2 hours ago (1 child)Hi, Can you point out any articles on note-taking in the sciences as opposed to history or social sciences? Any pointers would be very helpful

      reply to u/scihuy at https://www.reddit.com/r/Zettelkasten/comments/1c2b2d6/note_taking_in_the_past/kzcg3qa/

      I posed your question to my own card index:

      Generally scientists haven't spent the time to talk about their methods the way those in the social sciences and humanities are apt to do. This being said, their methods are unsurprisingly all the same.

      If you want to look up examples, you can delve into the nachlass (digitized or not) of most of the famous scientists and mathematicians out there to verify this. Ramon Llull certainly wrote, but broadly memorized all of his work; Newton had his wastebooks; Leibnitz used Thomas Harrison's Ark of Studies cabinet; Carl Linnaeus "invented" index cards for his work (search for the work of Staffan Müller-Wille and Isabelle Charmantier); Erasmus Darwin and Charles Darwin both used commonplace books; physicist Mario Bunge had a significant zettelkasten practice; Richard Feynman used notebooks; engineer Ross Ashby used a combination of notebooks which he indexed using a card index.

      For historical reasons, most used a commonplace book method in which they indexed against keywords rather than Luhmann's variation, but broadly the results are the same either way.

      Computer scientist Gerald Weinberg is one of the few I'm aware of within the sciences who's written a note taking manual, but again, his method is broadly the same as that described by other writers for centuries:

      Weinberg, Gerald M. Weinberg on Writing: The Fieldstone Method. New York, N.Y: Dorset House, 2005.

      I identify as both a mathematician and an engineer, and I have a paper-based zettelkasten for these areas, primarily as I prefer writing out equations versus attempting to write everything out as LaTeX. I'm sure others here could add their experiences as well. I've previously written about zettelkasten from the framing of set theory, topology, dense sets, and have even touched on it with respect to the ideas of equivalence classes and category theory, though I haven't published much in depth here as most don't have the mathematical sophistication to appreciate the structures and analogies.

    1. John Waters' Youth Manifesto by [[Cath Clark]], [[Tish Wrigley]] in AnOther Magazine

    2. “I have youth spies, people that report to me and I give them poppers for good information. But mostly I’m still interested in life. I don’t think it was better when I was young. I think the kids that are 15 and getting into trouble are having as much fun as I did. So I’m still curious. I don’t have fear of flying. I have fear of not flying. Always thinking that tomorrow is going to be better than yesterday.”

      It may require having something like "youth spies" to keep up with the more interesting parts of contemporary culture, and these can be used for expanding one's combinatorial creativity horizon.

    1. Moderate people, not code by [[Ryan Barrett]]

    2. Make those judgments for your communities, instance by instance, not by network or software. Those sledgehammers are too big and unweildy.

      or even person by person...

    3. The best way to judge a community is to actually judge them.
    4. Whether ActivityPub or ATProto or webmention, the underlying technical protocol a community uses to interact online is a poor way to judge who they are and whether you might like them.
    5. Old graybeards like me still cling to the web, idolizing Yahoo Pipes and posting faux thinkpieces to our tiny blogs.

      ROFL

    6. Moderate people, not code.
    1. Worth, Robert F. “Clash of the Patriarchs.” The Atlantic, April 10, 2024. https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2024/05/russia-ukraine-orthodox-christian-church-bartholomew-kirill/677837/.

      A fantastic overview of the history, recent changes and a potential schism in the Orthodox Church with respect to the Russia/Ukraine conflict.

    2. Perhaps the most troubling possibility is that Kirill’s Church, with its canny blend of politics and faith, turns out to be better adapted to survival in our century than mainstream Churches are.
    3. Orthodox priests are more vulnerable to bribery than their Roman Catholic peers, Gregorios explained, because they are allowed to marry, and many have large families to provide for.
    4. In October 2018, just weeks after his tense meeting with Kirill in Istanbul, Bartholomew dissolved the 1686 edict that had given Moscow religious control over Ukraine.
    5. The Russian investments were followed by a systematic effort to denigrate Patriarch Bartholomew on hundreds of new Greek-language websites, blogs, and Facebook groups, an online offensive documented by Alexandros Massavetas, a Greek journalist, in his 2019 book, The Third Rome.
    6. That problem has its origins in the fourth century C.E., when Roman Emperor Constantine converted to Christianity and then imposed it on his subjects. For more than 1,000 years afterward, Church and state in Constantinople “were seen as parts of a single organism,” according to the historian Timothy Ware, under a doctrine called sinfonia, or “harmony.”

      church:education:scholasticism::church:state:sinfonia

    7. Putin’s decision to restore Orthodoxy to its old public role was a shrewd one, whatever his personal religious feelings. The Russian empire had collapsed, but its outlines could still be seen in the Russian Orthodox religious sphere, which extended beyond Russia’s borders and as far afield as Mount Athos and even Jerusalem. For a ruler seeking to revive his country’s lost status, the Church was a superb way to spread propaganda and influence.
    8. Historians pilloried the show as historically illiterate, but they were missing the point. It wasn’t really about the past. It was a blueprint for the future.

      Bad history can be paraded under the umbrella of propaganda, not to serve to tell the story of the past, but to tell a story about a coming future.

    9. in 1946, Joseph Stalin had changed tack, feeling that he needed religion to shore up popular support. He revived the Church in zombified form, an instrument of the state that was massively surveilled and controlled by the security services. When some of the KGB’s archives were exposed in 2014—thanks in part to the brave efforts of the late Gleb Yakunin, a dissident Russian priest who spent years in prison—the collusion of the Church’s leaders was revealed.
    10. Bartholomew’s most distinctive effort to “update” the Church is his commitment to environmentalism. In the press, he is sometimes called the Green Patriarch. When, in 1997, he declared that abusing the natural environment was a sin against God, he became the first major religious leader to articulate such a position.
    11. “Axios! ” he called out three times (“He is worthy”), and each time the faithful repeated after him in unison: “Axios! ”

      Hadn't thought of it before, but how was the news outlet Axios named?

    12. To anyone who was raised, as I was, on threadbare Protestant rituals, Orthodox services are a bit like dropping acid at the opera.
    13. a young man named Mykola Kosytskyy, a Ukrainian linguistics student and a frequent visitor to Athos. He had brought with him this time a group of 40 Ukrainian pilgrims. Kosytskyy talked about the war—the friends he’d lost, the shattered lives, the role of Russian propaganda. I asked him about the Moscow-linked Church that he’d known all his life, and he said something that surprised me: “The Ukrainian Orthodox Church”—meaning the Church of Kirill and Putin—“is the weapon in this war.”All through his childhood, he explained, he had heard priests speaking of Russia in language that mixed the sacred and the secular—“this concept of saint Russia, the saviors of this world.” He went on: “You hear this every Sunday from your priest—that this nation fights against evil, that it’s the third Rome, yes, the new Rome. They truly believe this.” That is why, Kosytskyy said, many Ukrainians have such difficulty detaching themselves from the message, even when they see Kirill speaking of their own national leaders as the anti-Christ. Kosytskyy told me it had taken years for him to separate the truth from the lies. His entire family joined the new Ukrainian Church right after Bartholomew recognized it, in 2018. So have millions of other Ukrainians.

      Example of a church mixing religion with social and political order and resultant problems.

      See also: scholasticism

    14. During a visit to Moscow in 2015, Franklin Graham—the son of the late Southern Baptist leader Billy Graham—told Kirill that many Americans wished that someone like Putin could be their president.
    15. According to Sarah Riccardi-Swartz, a scholar of Orthodoxy who teaches at Northeastern University, in Boston, the new converts tend to be right-wing and Russophile, and some speak freely of their admiration for Putin’s “kingly” role. In the U.S., converts are concentrated in the South and Midwest, and some have become ardent online evangelists for the idea that “Dixie,” with its beleaguered patriarchal traditions, is a natural home for Russian Orthodoxy. Some of them adorn their websites with a mash-up of Confederate nostalgia and icons of Russian saints.

      Many in the southern United States are converting to Orthodox Christianity, a conversion which is tied into patriarchal ideas on the far right.

    16. Clocks there still run on Byzantine time, with the day starting at sunset rather than midnight.
    17. But Bartholomew’s power is more limited than the pope’s. There are eight other Orthodox patriarchs, each of whom presides over a national or regional Church, and Bartholomew’s role is that of “first among equals.”
    1. classify

      Ideally, when classifying, one should draw up classes which are mutually exclusive so as to better differentiate the items under consideration. This is not always possible and there are some cases where having overlap my be beneficial in one's work.

    2. to classify means to draw up a scheme, to class meansto apply it.

      Classification is a noun from which classify and class are attendant verbs which should have different meanings. The first is the creation of a plan or scheme and the second is the application of that plan. Defining these becomes important for bigger organizations as the two actions can be carried out by different people and their meaning is even more important for individual note takers as they may be doing both operations simultaneously and thereby miss some important parts of the process which cause issues later on. (¶101)

    3. ClassificationIV CLASSIFICATION98 Meanings To explain the meaning of the term classifica-tion, let us take a family of related terms andcompare the range of their meaning. The following will serveour purpose:to enumerate, to arrange, to class, to classify, to systemise,to organise.

      you have to appreciate him differentiating his terms even if he's not coming to terms with others.

      He's a professional librarian at the turn of the 20th century, so his definitions of words like enumerate, arrange, class, classify, systematize, and organize will be intriguing.

    4. Discrimination

      in ¶90-96 he provides some advice about selection and discrimination of reading sources and materials for indexing as a means of cutting down on the information overload problem

      Some of his factors include: - relying on experience in a field/area to narrow down - limiting one's scope of activity - staying away from reference books (dictionaries, encyclopedias - discriminate in favor of the specific versus the general - don't admit duplicative literature (unless one is working syntopically—though he doesn't admit this caveat), and prefer the most authoritative sources - prefer authoritative authors, when given, but make space for new writers who may be more careful in their writing and argumentation - discriminate by style and composition and in particular stay away from pernicious advertising-related material (today he might advocate away from listicles, content farms, etc.)

    5. In this connection it is also usefulsometimes to bear in mind, that the small article does not as-a rule admit of systematic treatment of a given subject, thatperiodical literature is tied to time for its appearance, thatnovelty and notoriety, catering to the masses, i.e. to thealmighty dollar, play a good part in the production of unripeliterature, that some sort of news may be supplied merely tohelp us swallow the ubiquitous advertisement.

      Again he's mentioning advertising... obviously it was starting to become a significant factor in people's regular reading sources (presumably magazines) to bear mentioning it and advising caution as a result.

    6. it would in most cases be sufficient to indexfrom the most authoritative paper

      When possible, use the most authoritative source in your work, but one should balance this out with the additional work required to find and quote that source versus taking it from a secondary and reliable source.

      Academic researchers ought to default to the original and most authoritative, but others may find it more expedient and just as valuable to rely on secondary sources.

    7. RE: Thinking about Luhmann's ZKI and ZKII at https://hypothes.is/a/nEPjVPN3Ee6EheNfkl3DfA

      I have to wonder if there's an explicit nod to both ZKI and ZKII in Daniel Lüdecke's naming of ZKN3 here? or had he simply gone through prior iterations of the software himself?

    8. If a variation of any importancebecomes necessary then it is best to start a new index.

      Given his experience in the space, the work of creating a second index (card index/zettelkasten), marks an important change or shift in perspective.

      This may shed light on Niklas Luhmann's practices between ZKI and ZKII. What were the important differences between the two? Presumably closer focus was important for ZKII.

    9. Experiencein dealing with quantities of literature and our special knowledgein our particular field should enable us to discriminate so thaton the one hand no information of value is allowed to slip byand on the other hand we are not burdening ourselves withuseless material.
    10. Advertising although somewhat discredited is anart which rests for its success on a close study of psychology.

      psychology was already being applied to advertising in 1908...

    11. The quantity of literature has increased but the methods of 82•dealing with it or controlling it have not advanced proportion-

      The root problem of information overload.

    12. Quantity

      Everything he highlights here is still present over a century later and only amplified to the nth degree.

    13. to the change from books to articles and papers, whichleads to a large amount of duplication, and the ne-cessity of wading through a great deal of what doesnot interest us directly.

      Since 1908 there's also been the move towards small digestible social media which increases the dial on repetition and duplication, but the sense of flow created by dopamine hits to be found in the attention economy make these difficult things to overcome.

    14. The small article does reflect however one very general feature 79in modern activity i.e. to treat the specific rather than thegeneral.
    15. The neglect of the book is however not altogether advanta- 78geous.

      There is a range of reading lengths and levels of argumentation which can be found in these various ranges.

      Some will complain about the death of books or the rise of articles or the rise of social media and the attention economy. Where is balance to be found.

      Kaiser speaks to these issues in ¶75-79. One must wonder what Kaiser would have thought about the bite-sized nature of social media and it's distracting nature?

    16. The tendency is becoming more and moreThe Article pronounced to reduce the bulky volume toarticles published in periodical literature, sothat information formerly printed in book form is now cutup into slices and published at intervals. Collective bodies ofall kinds, increasing ad infinitum, almost always have theirorgans of publicity, again mostly periodicals. These and otherfacilities for publishing articles have brought to light innumer-able authors. Who does not read a paper or write an articlenowadays ? Whatever our opinion, we have to deal with thefact that this tendency exists and that it is largely instrumentalin swelling the bulk of indexable literature to almost unmanage-able proportions.

      A quote from 1908 about information overload, though not as heavy-handed as other examples, but still complaint-like in nature.

    17. For the purpose of indexing we shall divide 73our stock of names or terms into those ofconcretes, processes and countries, concretes being the com-modities with which we are concerned, processes indicatingtheir actions, and countries indicating the localities with whichthe concretes are connected (295 et seq.) .

      There are likely other metadata he may be missing here: - in particular dates/times/time periods which may be useful for the historians. - others? - general forms of useful metadata from a database perspective?

    1. Graham, David A. “The Trump Two-Step.” The Atlantic, April 4, 2024. https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2024/04/trump-two-step-bloodbath-2024-election/677966/.

    2. Politico, for example, reported that “it was unclear what the former president meant exactly,”
    3. One of his most effective tools is what we might call the Trump Two-Step, in which the former president says something outrageous, backs away from it in the face of criticism, and then fully embraces it. The goal here is to create a veneer of deniability. It doesn’t even need to be plausible; it just needs to muddy the waters a bit.

      Some of the first part of the Trump Two-Step sounds like the idea of "Schrödinger's douchebag".

    1. One study of women in rural areas without electricity in the 1940s found that hand-washing and ironing a 38-pound laundry load required taking about 6,300 steps around the house, the well, the stove, and back to the house. After nine such loads, a woman would have walked the equivalent of a marathon. The electrification of housework reduced the ambulatory burden of that same laundry load by 90 percent.

      Which study?

      Was it mentioned by Robert Caro in his Johnson biography which has a chapter laying out some of this work before electrification?

    2. In 1938, President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed the Fair Labor Standards Act, which created a right to overtime pay for those who worked more than 40 hours a week.
    3. In 1900, just 5 percent of married women held down a paid job.
    4. the average married couple in America still works about 67 hours a week.
    1. Muhanna, Elias. “A New History of Arabia, Written in Stone.” The New Yorker, May 23, 2018. https://www.newyorker.com/culture/culture-desk/a-new-history-of-arabia-written-in-stone.

    2. A few Safaitic inscriptions were even found in Pompeii, on the walls outside a small theatre, probably scribbled by Arabian members of the Roman army.
    3. Inscriptions, Al-Jallad explained, tend to cluster on higher ground, where nomadic herders could keep an easier watch for predators. In a landscape with no other traces of human civilization, the rocks preserved the nomads’ names and genealogies, along with descriptions of their animals, their wars, their journeys, and their rituals. There were prayers to deities, worries about the lack of rain, and complaints about the cruelty of Romans.
    4. He added, “The linguists are going to be well excited about what they’re finding. But the historian is still, like, ‘Yeah, it’s good. You’ve got names. You’ve got lots and lots of names.’ ”

      There's a close similarity of names on stones in early Arabia and the names on stones in a similar time period in early Britain.

    5. he province of archeology, a fictional archeologist once said, is the search for facts, not truth.
    6. In 2013, Al-Jallad used the Safaitic database as he worked on an inscription containing several mysterious words: Maleh, Dhakar, and Amet. Earlier scholars had assumed that they were the names of unknown places. Al-Jallad, unconvinced, searched the database and discovered another inscription that contained all three. Both inscriptions discussed migrations in search of water, and a possibility occurred to him: if the words referred to seasons of migration, then they might be the names of constellations visible at those times.
    7. Al-Jallad began pulling up every inscription that mentioned migrating in search of rain, and soon he had a long list of terms that had resisted translation. Comparing them with the Greek, Aramaic, and Babylonian zodiacs, he started making connections. Dhakar matched up nicely with dikra, the Aramaic word for Aries, and Amet was derived from an Arabic verb meaning “to measure or compute quantity”—a good bet for the scales of Libra. Hunting for Capricorn, the goat-fish constellation, Al-Jallad found the word ya’mur in Edward Lane’s “Arabic-English Lexicon,” whose translation read, “A certain beast of the sea, or . . . a kind of mountain-goat.” He stayed up all night, sifting the database and checking words against dictionaries of ancient Semitic languages. By morning, he had deciphered a complete, previously unknown Arabian zodiac. “We’d thought that they were place names, and, in a way, they were,” he told me. “They were places in the sky.”

      There's got to be a great journal article on this!

    8. Michael Macdonald amassed a vast collection of photographs of these texts and launched a digital Safaitic database, with the help of Laïla Nehmé, a French archeologist and one of the world’s leading experts on early Arabic inscriptions. “When we started working, Michael’s corpus was all on index cards,” Nehmé recalled. “With the database, you could search for sequences of words across the whole collection, and you could study them statistically. It worked beautifully.”

      Researcher Michael Macdonald created a card index database of safaitic inscriptions which he and French archaeologist Laïla Nehmé eventually morphed into a digital database which included a collection of photographs of the extant texts.

    9. Enno Littmann, an Orientalist who visited Syria in 1899, with a contingent from Princeton University, and completed the decipherment, labored over what he found on the rocks.
    10. In 1877, an Orientalist from Ottoman Edirne deciphered most of the alphabet, bringing the language of the inscriptions into blurry focus.
    11. he effort to decode the Safaitic texts began in the spring of 1857, when a young Scotsman named Cyril Graham set off from Jerusalem on a tour of Syria.
    12. The inscription on Macdonald’s rock included the name of a person (“Ghayyar’el son of Ghawth”), a narrative, and a prayer. It was the narrative that stood out to Al-Jallad. Reading it aloud, he noted a sequence of words repeated three times, which he suspected was a refrain in a poetic text.
    13. The history of Arabia just before the birth of Islam is a profound mystery, with few written sources describing the milieu in which Muhammad lived. Historians had long believed that the Bedouin nomads who lived in the area composed exquisite poetry to record the feats of their tribes but had no system for writing it down. In recent years, though, scholars have made profound advances in explaining how ancient speakers of early Arabic used the letters of other alphabets to transcribe their speech. These alphabets included Greek and Aramaic, and also Safaitic; Macdonald’s rock was one of more than fifty thousand such texts found in the deserts of the southern Levant. Safaitic glyphs look nothing like the cursive, legato flow of Arabic script. But when read aloud they are recognizable as a form of Arabic—archaic but largely intelligible to the modern speaker.

      Safaitic is an example of the beginning of writing in Arabia at the rise of Islam and may have interesting things to reveal about orality on the border of literacy.

      Compare this with ancient Welsh (and related Celtic languages and stone inscriptions) at about the same time period.

    14. It was Safaitic, an alphabet that flourished in northern Arabia two millennia ago, and Al-Jallad and Macdonald are among a very small number of people who can read it.
    1. "I made a great study of theology at one time," said Mr Brooke, as if to explain the insight just manifested. "I know something of all schools. I knewWilberforce in his best days.6Do you know Wilberforce?"

      Was Aaron Sorkin inspired by Middlemarch to borrow the name Wilberforce for West Wing Season 4, Episode 9 "Swiss Diplomacy"?

    2. "I made a great study of theology at one time," said Mr Brooke, as if to explain the insight just manifested. "I know something of all schools. I knewWilberforce in his best days.6Do you know Wilberforce?"Mr Casaubon said, "No.""Well, Wilberforce was perhaps not enough of a thinker; but if I went intoParliament, as I have been asked to do, I should sit on the independent bench,as Wilberforce did, and work at philanthropy."Mr Casaubon bowed, and observed that it was a wide field."Yes," said Mr Brooke, with an easy smile, "but I have documents. I began along while ago to collect documents. They want arranging, but when a question has struck me, I have written to somebody and got an answer. I have documents at my back. But now, how do you arrange your documents?""In pigeon-holes partly," said Mr Casaubon, with rather a startled air of effort."Ah, pigeon-holes will not do. I have tried pigeon-holes, but everything getsmixed in pigeon-holes: I never know whether a paper is in A or Z.""I wish you would let me sort your papers for you, uncle," said Dorothea. "Iwould letter them all, and then make a list of subjects under each letter."Mr Casaubon gravely smiled approval, and said to Mr Brooke, "You have anexcellent secretary at hand, you perceive.""No, no," said Mr Brooke, shaking his head; "I cannot let young ladies meddle with my documents. Young ladies are too flighty."Dorothea felt hurt. Mr Casaubon would think that her uncle had some special reason for delivering this opinion, whereas the remark lay in his mind aslightly as the broken wing of an insect among all the other fragments there, anda chance current had sent it alighting on her.When the two girls were in the drawing-room alone, Celia said —"How very ugly Mr Casaubon is!""Celia! He is one of the most distinguished-looking men I ever saw. He is remarkably like the portrait of Locke. He has the same deep eye-sockets."

      Fascinating that within a section or prose about indexing within MiddleMarch (set in 1829 to 1832 and published in 1871-1872), George Eliot compares a character's distinguished appearance to that of John Locke!

      Mr. Brooke asks for advice about arranging notes as he has tried pigeon holes but has the common issue of multiple storage and can't remember under which letter he's filed his particular note. Mr. Casaubon indicates that he uses pigeon-holes.

      Dorothea Brooke mentions that she knows how to properly index papers so that they might be searched for and found later. She is likely aware of John Locke's indexing method from 1685 (or in English in 1706) and in the same scene compares Mr. Casaubon's appearance to Locke.

    3. Eliot, George. Middlemarch. Edited by Bert G. Hornback. 2nd ed. Norton Critical Editions. 1874. Reprint, New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 1999.

    1. Beware of Mental-Itis! Industrial. The Calvin Company, 1937. http://archive.org/details/0800_Beware_of_Mental-itis_06_00_55_00.

    2. Section on what it means to be a man at the 15:00 minute mark in this 1937 industrial.

    3. (13:39) Hands flipping through a card index with overlapping dialogue about prospects

      https://archive.org/details/0800_Beware_of_Mental-itis_06_00_55_00

    4. "He plans his work and works his plan".

      Who originated this? Napoleon Hill? Here's an example of it in a sales video from 1937. (12:36)

    5. (10:56) depiction of a version of torture not too dissimilar to waterboarding https://archive.org/details/0800_Beware_of_Mental-itis_06_00_55_00

    1. Lisa, Apple's demonstration of its leadership,in bringing technology to the knowledge worker.

      Use of "knowledge worker" in a 1983 advertisement for the Lisa computer from Apple.

    2. [Narrator]: The power of the MC 68000 permitted another breakthrough:the common user interface.[Bill Atkinson]: On Lisa we make each of the programs have a similar user interface,so that what you've learned from using one programcarries over and you feel naturally how to use the next.

      While the idea of a common user interface on computers may have felt like a selling point when facing a new scary machine with a variety of functionalities, did it really save that much time, effort, and learning curve? Particularly with respect to the common office tools it was replacing?

      The common user interface was really more a benefit to the company and all the companies which programmed for it at scale. The benefits are like Melvil Dewey's standardization of the Dewey Decimal Classification which allowed libraries everywhere to work on the same system rather than needing to reinvent their own individually.

      This sort of innovation with scalability is helpful as humans are far better at imitation than innovation.

    3. [Steve Jobs]: If you sort of dig beneath the surface,one of the real successes of the Lisa programwas creating an environment where all these crazy people that could reallybe very, very successful.And I guess that's one of the things that Apple's done best.

      appreciate the framing of technologists at the early Apple Inc. as "these crazy people".

    4. Lisa Soul Of A New Machine. Advertisement, 1983. http://archive.org/details/lisa-soul-of-a-new-machine.

    5. [Narrator]: The Cluttered Desk, Index Card,file folders, the in-out basket, the calculator.These are the tools of the office professional's past.Since the dawn of the computer age, better machines have always meant bigger and more powerful.But the software could not accommodate the needs of office professionals who are responsiblefor the look, shape and feel of tomorrow.

      In 1983, at the dawn of the personal computer age, Apple Inc. in promotional film entitled "Lisa Soul Of A New Machine" touted their new computer, a 16-bit dual disk drive "personal office system", as something that would do away with "the cluttered desk, index cards, file folders, the in-out basket, [and] the calculator." (00:01)

      Some of these things moved to the realm of the computer including the messy desk(top) now giving people two messy desks, a real one and a virtual one. The database-like structure of the card index also moved over, but the subjective index and its search power were substituted for a lower level concordance search.


      30 years on, for most people, the value of the database idea behind the humble "index card" has long since disappeared and so it seems here as if it's "just" another piece of cluttery paper.


      Appreciate the rosy framing of the juxtaposition of "past" and "future" jumping over the idea of the here and now which includes the thing they're selling, the Lisa computer. They're selling the idealized and unclear future even though it's really just today.

    1. Reply by writing a blog post

      This has broadly been implemented by Tumblr and is a first class feature within the IndieWeb.

    2. The system will check if the link being submitted has an associated RSS feed, particularly one with an explicit title field instead of just a date, and only then allow posting it. Blogs, many research journals, YouTube channels, and podcasts have RSS feeds to aid reading and distribution, whereas things like tweets, Instagram photos, and LinkedIn posts don’t. So that’s a natively available filter on the web for us to utilize.

      Existence of an RSS feed could be used as a filter to remove large swaths of social media content which don't have them.

    1. [[Marisa Kabas]] in The Handbasket - Here's the column Meta doesn't want you to see


      ᔥ[[Ben Werdmuller]] in Mastodon @ben@werd.social on Apr 06, 2024, 10:45 AM

      On Thursday I reported that Meta had blocked all links to the Kansas Reflector from approximately 8am to 4pm, citing cybersecurity concerns after the nonprofit published a column critical of Facebook’s climate change ad policy. By late afternoon, all links were once again able to be posted on Facebook, Threads and Instagram–except for the critical column." Here it is. #Media<br /> https://www.thehandbasket.co/p/kansas-reflector-meta-facebook-column-censored

    2. Here's the column Meta doesn't want you to see by [[Marisa Kabas]]

      repost with comment of:<br /> When Facebook fails, local media matters even more for our planet’s future By [[Dave Kendall]]

    3. Katherine Hayhoe, author of “Saving Us: A Climate Scientist’s Case for Hope and Healing in a Divided World,” serves as Chief Scientist for the Nature Conservancy and is a distinguished professor at Texas Tech. You might expect that she would be considered a legitimate authority on the subject. p span[style*="font-size"] { line-height: 1.6; } But in the Meta-verse, where it seems virtually impossible to connect with a human being associated with the administration of the platform, rules are rules, and it appears they would prefer to suppress anything that might prove problematic for them. p span[style*="font-size"] { line-height: 1.6; } Hayhoe expressed her personal frustration in a recent post on Facebook. p span[style*="font-size"] { line-height: 1.6; } “Since August 2018, Facebook has limited the visibility of my page,” she writes, “labelling it as ‘political’ because I talk about climate change and clean energy. This change drastically reduced my post views from hundreds to just tens, and the page’s growth has been stagnant ever since.” p span[style*="font-size"] { line-height: 1.6; } The implications of such policies for our democracy are alarming. Why should corporate entities be able to dictate what type of speech or content is acceptable?
    4. With permission from the Kansas Reflector, I’m sharing the column verbatim here in an attempt to sidestep Meta’s censorship. I hope you’ll share it far and wide—and I really hope Meta doesn’t block this version.

      Meta (Facebook) blocked not only the site, but the particular article, so Maria Kabas posted a copy to her site.

      https://www.thehandbasket.co/p/kansas-reflector-meta-facebook-column-censored

    1. In 1622, the famous poetand clergyman John Donne wrote of Virginia in this fashion, describing thenew colony as the nation’s spleen and liver, draining the “ill humours of thebody . . . to breed good bloud.”

      By fascinating contrast, Donne was frequently underemployed, and perhaps a bit desperate just a decade and change prior and had applied for a job in Virginia

      The years between 1607 and 1610 are biographically murky. The letters are hard to date and hard to decipher, and the best historical records we have are of jobs that didn’t happen. He failed to get a position in the Queen’s household in 1607, and there are references in the letters to his application to jobs in Ireland or, even more remotely, Virginia, but neither came to anything, if they were ever serious prospects to begin with. It’s equally likely that they were an attempt on his part to look industrious, both to his friends and to himself; neither Ireland nor Virginia were at all desirable places at the time.

      quote via: Rundell, Katherine. Super-Infinite: The Transformations of John Donne. Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2022. with excerpt linked at https://hypothes.is/a/M3Ma0PXdEe6Lk-doNS30CQ

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    1. The years between 1607 and 1610 are biographically murky. Theletters are hard to date and hard to decipher, and the best historicalrecords we have are of jobs that didn’t happen. He failed to get aposition in the Queen’s household in 1607, and there are referencesin the letters to his application to jobs in Ireland or, even moreremotely, Virginia, but neither came to anything, if they were everserious prospects to begin with. It’s equally likely that they were anattempt on his part to look industrious, both to his friends and tohimself; neither Ireland nor Virginia were at all desirable places atthe time.
    2. Rundell, Katherine. Super-Infinite: The Transformations of John Donne. Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2022.

    1. Great Books tend to arise in the presence of great audiences. by [[Naomi Kanakia]]

      Kanakia looks at what may have made 19th C. Russian literature great. This has potential pieces to say about how other cultures had higher than usual rates of creativity in art, literature, etc.

      What commonalities did these sorts of societies have? Were they all similar or were there broad ranges of multiple factors which genetically created these sorts of great outputs?

      Could it have been just statistical anomaly?