3,295 Matching Annotations
  1. Mar 2021
    1. Nonetheless, transcripts of genes associated with IL-17 production, such as IL17F, RORC, IL23R, and CCR6, were significantly decreased in CD8 + CD103 + CD49a + relative to CD8 + CD103 + CD49a - Trm cells, whereas transcripts for IFN-gamma were elevated (XREF_FIG D-E).

      IL23R inhibits ITGA1.

    2. CD103 binds E-cadherin, which is highly expressed on epithelia, whereas CD69 antagonizes sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1PR1)-mediated egress from tissues.

      CD69 inhibits S1PR1.

    3. Nonetheless, transcripts of genes associated with IL-17 production, such as IL17F, RORC, IL23R, and CCR6, were significantly decreased in CD8 + CD103 + CD49a + relative to CD8 + CD103 + CD49a - Trm cells, whereas transcripts for IFN-gamma were elevated (XREF_FIG D-E).

      IL17F inhibits ITGAE.

    4. Nonetheless, transcripts of genes associated with IL-17 production, such as IL17F, RORC, IL23R, and CCR6, were significantly decreased in CD8 + CD103 + CD49a + relative to CD8 + CD103 + CD49a - Trm cells, whereas transcripts for IFN-gamma were elevated (XREF_FIG D-E).

      IL17F inhibits ITGA1.

    5. Nonetheless, transcripts of genes associated with IL-17 production, such as IL17F, RORC, IL23R, and CCR6, were significantly decreased in CD8 + CD103 + CD49a + relative to CD8 + CD103 + CD49a - Trm cells, whereas transcripts for IFN-gamma were elevated (XREF_FIG D-E).

      CCRL2 inhibits ITGAE.

    6. Nonetheless, transcripts of genes associated with IL-17 production, such as IL17F, RORC, IL23R, and CCR6, were significantly decreased in CD8 + CD103 + CD49a + relative to CD8 + CD103 + CD49a - Trm cells, whereas transcripts for IFN-gamma were elevated (XREF_FIG D-E).

      CCRL2 inhibits ITGA1.

    7. Further validating transcriptional data, CXCR3 expression was higher on CD8 + CD103 + CD49a + Trm cells, whereas IL-23R and CCR6 were preferentially expressed by CD8 + CD103 + CD49a - Trm cells (XREF_FIG G).

      ITGAE increases the amount of IL23R.

    8. Further validating transcriptional data, CXCR3 expression was higher on CD8 + CD103 + CD49a + Trm cells, whereas IL-23R and CCR6 were preferentially expressed by CD8 + CD103 + CD49a - Trm cells (XREF_FIG G).

      ITGAE increases the amount of CCRL2.

    9. In addition, CD8 + CD49a + Trm cells from healthy skin rapidly induced the expression of the effector molecules perforin and granzyme B when stimulated with IL-15, thereby promoting a strong cytotoxic response.

      ITGA1 increases the amount of PRF1.

    10. In addition, CD8 + CD49a + Trm cells from healthy skin rapidly induced the expression of the effector molecules perforin and granzyme B when stimulated with IL-15, thereby promoting a strong cytotoxic response.

      ITGA1 increases the amount of PRF1.

    11. In addition, CD8 + CD49a + Trm cells from healthy skin rapidly induced the expression of the effector molecules perforin and granzyme B when stimulated with IL-15, thereby promoting a strong cytotoxic response.

      ITGA1 increases the amount of GZMB.

    12. Accordingly, IL-15-dependent expression of perforin and granzyme B was augmented by IL-6, but not other cytokine combinations tested (XREF_SUPPLEMENTARY C-S2E).

      IL6 increases the amount of GZMB.

    13. Rather, their cytotoxic capacity was primed through IL-2 and IL-15-mediated induction of perforin and granzyme B expression.

      IL2 increases the amount of PRF1.

    14. Rather, their cytotoxic capacity was primed through IL-2 and IL-15-mediated induction of perforin and granzyme B expression.

      IL2 increases the amount of GZMB.

    15. In addition, CD8 + CD49a + Trm cells from healthy skin rapidly induced the expression of the effector molecules perforin and granzyme B when stimulated with IL-15, thereby promoting a strong cytotoxic response.

      CD8 increases the amount of PRF1.

    16. In addition, CD8 + CD49a + Trm cells from healthy skin rapidly induced the expression of the effector molecules perforin and granzyme B when stimulated with IL-15, thereby promoting a strong cytotoxic response.

      CD8 increases the amount of PRF1.

    17. Moreover, IL-15 stimulation potentiated TCR dependent expression of IL-17 and IFN-gamma by epidermal CD8 + CD103 + CD49a - and IFN-gamma by CD8 + CD103 + CD49a + Trm cells, respectively (XREF_FIG D), substantiating effectual gamma chain receptor signaling in both subsets.

      CD8 increases the amount of IL17A.

    18. In addition, CD8 + CD49a + Trm cells from healthy skin rapidly induced the expression of the effector molecules perforin and granzyme B when stimulated with IL-15, thereby promoting a strong cytotoxic response.

      CD8 increases the amount of GZMB.

    19. Further validating transcriptional data, CXCR3 expression was higher on CD8 + CD103 + CD49a + Trm cells, whereas IL-23R and CCR6 were preferentially expressed by CD8 + CD103 + CD49a - Trm cells (XREF_FIG G).

      CD8 increases the amount of IL23R.

    20. Further validating transcriptional data, CXCR3 expression was higher on CD8 + CD103 + CD49a + Trm cells, whereas IL-23R and CCR6 were preferentially expressed by CD8 + CD103 + CD49a - Trm cells (XREF_FIG G).

      CD8 increases the amount of CCRL2.

    21. Moreover, IL-15 stimulation potentiated TCR dependent expression of IL-17 and IFN-gamma by epidermal CD8 + CD103 + CD49a - and IFN-gamma by CD8 + CD103 + CD49a + Trm cells, respectively (XREF_FIG D), substantiating effectual gamma chain receptor signaling in both subsets.

      CD8 increases the amount of TCR.

    22. In addition, CD8 + CD49a + Trm cells from healthy skin rapidly induced the expression of the effector molecules perforin and granzyme B when stimulated with IL-15, thereby promoting a strong cytotoxic response.

      Trm increases the amount of PRF1.

    23. In addition, CD8 + CD49a + Trm cells from healthy skin rapidly induced the expression of the effector molecules perforin and granzyme B when stimulated with IL-15, thereby promoting a strong cytotoxic response.

      Trm increases the amount of PRF1.

    24. In addition, CD8 + CD49a + Trm cells from healthy skin rapidly induced the expression of the effector molecules perforin and granzyme B when stimulated with IL-15, thereby promoting a strong cytotoxic response.

      Trm increases the amount of GZMB.

    25. CD103 binds E-cadherin, which is highly expressed on epithelia, whereas CD69 antagonizes sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1PR1)-mediated egress from tissues.

      CDH1 binds ITGAE.

    26. Collagen IV mediated engagement of CD49a enhanced IFN-gamma production by CD8 + CD103 + CD49a + Trm cells, possibly through stabilizing IFNG transcripts.

      IV activates ITGAE.

    27. Collagen IV mediated engagement of CD49a enhanced IFN-gamma production by CD8 + CD103 + CD49a + Trm cells, possibly through stabilizing IFNG transcripts.

      IV activates IFNG.

    28. Relative to the epidermal CD8 + CD103 + CD49a - Trm cells, dermal counterparts produced 3.5-fold less IL-17.

      ITGAE activates IL17A.

    29. Collagen IV mediated engagement of CD49a enhanced IFN-gamma production by CD8 + CD103 + CD49a + Trm cells, possibly through stabilizing IFNG transcripts.

      ITGA1 activates ITGAE.

    30. Thus, CD49a expression delineated a dichotomy in Trm cell cytokine production, augmented by IL-15, with CD8 + CD103 + CD49a - and CD8 + CD103 + CD49a + Trm cells preferentially producing IL-17 and IFN-gamma, respectively.

      ITGA1 activates IL17A.

    31. Relative to the epidermal CD8 + CD103 + CD49a - Trm cells, dermal counterparts produced 3.5-fold less IL-17.

      ITGA1 activates IL17A.

    32. Thus, CD49a expression delineated a dichotomy in Trm cell cytokine production, augmented by IL-15, with CD8 + CD103 + CD49a - and CD8 + CD103 + CD49a + Trm cells preferentially producing IL-17 and IFN-gamma, respectively.

      ITGA1 activates IFNG.

    33. In human skin epithelia, CD8 + CD49a + Trm cells produced interferon-gamma, whereas CD8 + CD49a - Trm cells produced interleukin-17 (IL-17).

      ITGA1 activates IFNG.

    34. Collagen IV mediated engagement of CD49a enhanced IFN-gamma production by CD8 + CD103 + CD49a + Trm cells, possibly through stabilizing IFNG transcripts.

      ITGA1 activates IFNG.

    35. Collagen IV mediated engagement of CD49a enhanced IFN-gamma production by CD8 + CD103 + CD49a + Trm cells, possibly through stabilizing IFNG transcripts.

      ITGA1 activates Trm.

    36. IL-2 and IL-15 Induce Cytotoxic Effector Protein Expression in Epidermal CD8 + CD103 + CD49a + Trm Cells.

      IL2 activates Trm.

    37. Conversely, CD8 + CD49a - Trm cells from psoriasis lesions predominantly generated IL-17 responses that promote local inflammation in this skin disease.
    38. This functional dichotomy was evident in the comparison of distinct immune mediated skin diseases, with skin biopsies from vitiligo patients showing a predominance of cytotoxic CD8 + CD103 + CD49a + Trm cells while skin biopsies from psoriasis patients featured the accumulation of the IL-17 producing CD8 + CD103 + CD49a - counterparts.

      IL17A activates CD8.

    39. Thus, CD49a expression delineated a dichotomy in Trm cell cytokine production, augmented by IL-15, with CD8 + CD103 + CD49a - and CD8 + CD103 + CD49a + Trm cells preferentially producing IL-17 and IFN-gamma, respectively.

      IL15 activates ITGAE.

    40. Thus, CD49a expression delineated a dichotomy in Trm cell cytokine production, augmented by IL-15, with CD8 + CD103 + CD49a - and CD8 + CD103 + CD49a + Trm cells preferentially producing IL-17 and IFN-gamma, respectively.

      IL15 activates ITGA1.

    41. Generally, IFN-gamma contributes to immunity toward intracellular infections while IL-17 provides anti-fungal defense and both of these cytokines initiate inflammatory keratinocyte responses.

      IFNG activates immune response.

    42. In line withincreased CD49a frequencies, IFN-gamma producing Trm cells were enriched in vitiligo lesions (XREF_FIG G).

      IFNG activates Trm.

    43. Nonetheless, transcripts of genes associated with IL-17 production, such as IL17F, RORC, IL23R, and CCR6, were significantly decreased in CD8 + CD103 + CD49a + relative to CD8 + CD103 + CD49a - Trm cells, whereas transcripts for IFN-gamma were elevated (XREF_FIG D-E).

      IL23R activates IL17A.

    44. Nonetheless, transcripts of genes associated with IL-17 production, such as IL17F, RORC, IL23R, and CCR6, were significantly decreased in CD8 + CD103 + CD49a + relative to CD8 + CD103 + CD49a - Trm cells, whereas transcripts for IFN-gamma were elevated (XREF_FIG D-E).

      IL17F activates IL17A.

    45. Nonetheless, transcripts of genes associated with IL-17 production, such as IL17F, RORC, IL23R, and CCR6, were significantly decreased in CD8 + CD103 + CD49a + relative to CD8 + CD103 + CD49a - Trm cells, whereas transcripts for IFN-gamma were elevated (XREF_FIG D-E).

      CCRL2 activates IL17A.

    46. TCR engagement using anti-CD3 antibodies also preferentially induced IFN-gamma by epidermal CD8 + CD103 + CD49a + Trm cells (XREF_FIG D).

      TCR activates Trm.

    47. Collagen IV mediated engagement of CD49a enhanced IFN-gamma production by CD8 + CD103 + CD49a + Trm cells, possibly through stabilizing IFNG transcripts.

      CD8 activates ITGAE.

    48. Collagen IV mediated engagement of CD49a enhanced IFN-gamma production by CD8 + CD103 + CD49a + Trm cells, possibly through stabilizing IFNG transcripts.

      CD8 activates ITGA1.

    49. Collagen IV mediated engagement of CD49a enhanced IFN-gamma production by CD8 + CD103 + CD49a + Trm cells, possibly through stabilizing IFNG transcripts.

      CD8 activates Trm.

    50. Collagen IV mediated engagement of CD49a enhanced IFN-gamma production by CD8 + CD103 + CD49a + Trm cells, possibly through stabilizing IFNG transcripts.

      Collagen activates ITGAE.

    51. Collagen IV mediated engagement of CD49a enhanced IFN-gamma production by CD8 + CD103 + CD49a + Trm cells, possibly through stabilizing IFNG transcripts.

      Collagen activates IFNG.

    52. TNF and IL-2 were abundantly produced by dermal and epidermal Trm cell subsets (XREF_FIG B and 6C).

      carbon atom activates IL2.

    53. TNF and IL-2 were abundantly produced by dermal and epidermal Trm cell subsets (XREF_FIG B and 6C).

      carbon atom activates TNF.

    54. TNF and IL-2 were abundantly produced by dermal and epidermal Trm cell subsets (XREF_FIG B and 6C).

      Trm activates IL2.

    55. Thus, CD49a expression delineated a dichotomy in Trm cell cytokine production, augmented by IL-15, with CD8 + CD103 + CD49a - and CD8 + CD103 + CD49a + Trm cells preferentially producing IL-17 and IFN-gamma, respectively.

      Trm activates IL17A.

    56. In human skin epithelia, CD8 + CD49a + Trm cells produced interferon-gamma, whereas CD8 + CD49a - Trm cells produced interleukin-17 (IL-17).

      Trm activates IL17A.

    57. Revealing functional specialization among epidermal Trm cells with respect to CD49a expression, CD8 + CD103 + CD49a - Trm cells preferentially produced IL-17, a cytokine required for control of bacterial and fungal infections.

      Trm activates IL17A.

    58. Moreover, IL-17 or IFN-gamma production by distinct Trm cells subsets was generally maintained even in the context of the vigorous tissue inflammation.

      Trm activates IL17A.

    59. Corroborating transcriptional profiles, CD8 + CD103 + CD49a - Trm cells produced IL-17 while CD8 + CD103 + CD49a + Trm cells excelled in IFN-gamma production upon stimulation with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and ionomycin (XREF_FIG A-6C).

      Trm activates IL17A.

    60. Thus, CD49a expression delineated a dichotomy in Trm cell cytokine production, augmented by IL-15, with CD8 + CD103 + CD49a - and CD8 + CD103 + CD49a + Trm cells preferentially producing IL-17 and IFN-gamma, respectively.

      Trm activates IFNG.

    61. In human skin epithelia, CD8 + CD49a + Trm cells produced interferon-gamma, whereas CD8 + CD49a - Trm cells produced interleukin-17 (IL-17).

      Trm activates IFNG.

    62. Here, we identify CD49a expression as a marker delineating a subpopulation ofCD8 + Trm cells in human skin that specifically localize to thebasal layer of epidermis, preferentially produce IFN-gamma, and display high cytotoxic capacity upon stimulation.

      Trm activates IFNG.

    63. Moreover, IL-17 or IFN-gamma production by distinct Trm cells subsets was generally maintained even in the context of the vigorous tissue inflammation.

      Trm activates IFNG.

    64. TNF and IL-2 were abundantly produced by dermal and epidermal Trm cell subsets (XREF_FIG B and 6C).

      Trm activates TNF.

    1. In this respect, we join Fitzpatrick (2011) in exploring “the extent to which the means of media production and distribution are undergoing a process of radical democratization in the Web 2.0 era, and a desire to test the limits of that democratization”

      Something about this is reminiscent of WordPress' mission to democratize publishing. We can also compare it to Facebook whose (stated) mission is to connect people, while it's actual mission is to make money by seemingly radicalizing people to the extremes of our political spectrum.

      This highlights the fact that while many may look at content moderation on platforms like Facebook as removing their voices or deplatforming them in the case of people like Donald J. Trump or Alex Jones as an anti-democratic move. In fact it is not. Because of Facebooks active move to accelerate extreme ideas by pushing them algorithmically, they are actively be un-democratic. Democratic behavior on Facebook would look like one voice, one account and reach only commensurate with that person's standing in real life. Instead, the algorithmic timeline gives far outsized influence and reach to some of the most extreme voices on the platform. This is patently un-democratic.

    1. The pre-metastatic niche also secretes factors that push cells towards dormancy, such as thrombospondin 1 (TSP1) deposited around microvasculature, which blocks tumour angiogenesis, and TGFbeta secreted by stromal cells that regulate cancer cell quiescence [XREF_BIBR].

      TGFB inhibits angiogenesis.

    2. Small molecule inhibitors such as MRTX849 have been identified as potent, selective KRAS G12C inhibitors to selectively modify mutant cysteine 12 in the GDP bound KRAS G12C mutant protein to inhibit signalling [XREF_BIBR].

      GDP binds KRAS-G12C.

    3. Elevated levels of CXCL1 recruit CXCR2 positive MDSCs to the pre-metastatic liver tissue and promote tumour cell survival and metastasis while evading host immune responses [XREF_BIBR].
    4. Elevated levels of CXCL1 recruit CXCR2 positive MDSCs to the pre-metastatic liver tissue and promote tumour cell survival and metastasis while evading host immune responses [XREF_BIBR].

      CXCL1 activates Cell Survival.

    5. LSECs secrete fibronectin that can induce EMT in colon cancer cells by enhancing ERK signalling, and human LSECs were shown to induce cell migration and EMT via MIF, thereby increasing the metastatic potential of colon cancer cells [XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR].
    6. They also secrete endothelin-1, which is a vasoconstrictor that promotes cell proliferation, fibrogenesis, and contraction linked to cirrhosis [XREF_BIBR].
    7. Moreover, CXCR4 and TGFbeta blockade by AMD3100 inhibited the differentiation of HSCs to CAFs and significantly reduced metastatic burden in vivo [XREF_BIBR].
    8. Accordingly, the co-treatment of galunisertib with anti-PD-L1 treatment induced an immune response characterised with elevated T-bet and IFNgamma levels in CD4 + T cells, increased GZMB production, along with increased infiltration into the tumours.

      CD4 activates GZMB.

    9. The prominence of IL-6 signalling in the liver as well as TGFbeta driven IL-11 signalling in supporting primary tumour growth and metastasis in preclinical models suggest that these cytokines play important roles in the outgrowth of hepatic metastases [XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR].

      TGFB activates IL11.

    1. To this end, in this focused review, several lines of evidence are provided to suggest that in addition to bradykinin, two closely related vasoactive peptides, substance P and neurotensin, are also likely to drive microvascular permeability and inflammation, and be responsible for development of COVID-19 pathology.
    2. Between two storms, vasoactive peptides or bradykinin underlie severity of COVID-19?

      KNG1 activates COVID-19.

    3. To this end, in this focused review, several lines of evidence are provided to suggest that in addition to bradykinin, two closely related vasoactive peptides, substance P and neurotensin, are also likely to drive microvascular permeability and inflammation, and be responsible for development of COVID-19 pathology.
    1. Lori Morimoto, a fandom academic who was involved in the earlier discussion, didn’t mince words about the inherent hypocrisy of the controversy around STWW. “The discussions of the fic were absolutely riddled with people saying they wished you could block and/or ban certain users and fics on AO3 altogether because this is obnoxious,” she wrote to me in an email, “and nowhere (that I can see) is there anyone chiming in to say, ‘BUT FREE SPEECH!!!’” Morimoto continued: But when people suggest the same thing based on racist works and users, suddenly everything is about freedom of speech and how banning is bad. When it’s about racism, every apologist under the sun puts in an appearance to fight for our rights to be racist assholes, but if it’s about making the reading experience less enjoyable (which is basically what this is — it’s obnoxious, but not particularly harmful except to other works’ ability to be seen), then suddenly our overwhelming concern with free speech seems to just disappear in a poof of nothingness.

      This is an interesting example of people papering around allowing racism in favor of free speech.

  2. Feb 2021
  3. Nov 2020
  4. Oct 2020
  5. Jul 2020
  6. Oct 2019
    1. "Element" SelectorsEach component has a data-reach-* attribute on the underlying DOM element that you can think of as the "element" for the component.
  7. publications.parliament.uk publications.parliament.uk
    1. Amendment of REACH legislationSchedule 20 confers powers to amend the REACH Regulation and the REACHEnforcement Regulations 2008

      WTF?

  8. Jul 2019
    1. some parenting styles or early trauma, which can impair social and mental development, can contribute to creating the school bully. How about reaching out and asking the bully?

      The writer explain that bullying is a symptom of social impairment and mental development. Bullying have their own issues that need to be evaluated and possibly intervention. Writer suggest to reach out to bullies in order to find potential solutions for positive effects.

  9. Mar 2018
    1. I thank the European Environmental Bureau for this—with the headline, “Precautionary in principle, flawed in fact: European Commission review accepts environmental groups’ criticism of chemical regulation”.

      This is a bit worrying because them pushing for further regulation is making the countess argue against REACH - need to counter: "but I also ask that we do not mirror the behaviour of the REACH organisation and that we tighten up our own principles and make sure that we get it right."

  10. Jun 2016
    1. ublinCore and REACH (Record Export for Art and CulturalHeritage) prefer the terms ‘creator’ and ‘maker’ to the moretraditional ‘author’ (Baca, 1998). T

      Dublin Core and Reach prefer "creator and maker" to "author"