- Mar 2017
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git.door43.org git.door43.org
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Heading: Form
The infinitive absolute has no prefixes, other than sometimes the copula waw+shewa, or the interrogative he+hatef patah, and it also has no suffixes.
A typical infinitive absolute has a qamets under the first consonant, and holem on the second or inserts a holem-waw between the second and third consonant.
The infinitive absolute does change its form depending on stem (Qal, Niphal, Piel, etc.), but it does not change its form for masculine or feminine, singular or plural, or first, second, or third person.
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Describing action that happens at the same time as finite verb
Better: "As a finite verb" First subheading: "After a finite verb, an infinitive absolute can continue the narrative as if it were a finite verb."
Other example: JDG 7:19 וַֽיִּתְקְעוּ֙ בַּשֹּׁ֣ופָרֹ֔ות וְנָפֹ֥וץ הַכַּדִּ֖ים "and they blew in the horns and broke the jars".
Second subheading: "Independently"
Example: ISA 20:2 וַיַּ֣עַשׂ כֵּ֔ן הָלֹ֖ךְ עָרֹ֥ום וְיָחֵֽף׃ "and he did so: walking naked and barefoot"
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Simultaneous, when two infinitive absolutes are used
Change heading to: "Adverbial".
1SA 3:12 אָקִ֣ים אֶל־עֵלִ֔י אֵ֛ת כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר דִּבַּ֖רְתִּי אֶל־בֵּיתֹ֑ו הָחֵ֖ל וְכַלֵּֽה׃ "I will carry out toward Eli all that I have spoken toward his house beginning and finishing" smooth: "I will carry out against Eli everything I have said about his house, from beginning to end."
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JDG 14:9
This example has two infinitives, the first should be under the first heading, of an inf. abs. repeating the finite verb and being placed after it. The emphasis is then identical as if it were before it, or (as is the case here) to highlight the nuance of the continuance or prevalence of it.
The second infinitive is an example of an inf. abs. functioning like a finite verb, see the example above of ISA 22:13 as well.
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ISA 22:13 הָרֹ֤ג ׀ בָּקָר֙ וְשָׁחֹ֣ט צֹ֔אן slaying cattle and slaughtering sheep
This is an example of the inf. abs. functioning like a finite verb. This should be under another, new heading.
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object
Should be a separate subheading.
Example: ISA 42:24 וְלֹֽא־אָב֤וּ בִדְרָכָיו֙ הָלֹ֔וךְ "and not they wanted in his ways to walk".
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subject
Should be a separate subheading.
Example: JER 10:5 וְגַם־הֵיטֵ֖יב אֵ֥ין אֹותָֽם׃ "and also doing good is not in them"
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The infinitive absolute rarely has a suffixed pronoun.
This information should be somewhere else with an example.
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Verbal noun
"Substantive"
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preceding a finite verb of same root.
This can be on the line below.
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הולך often means the verb is continuing
This point can be made with the previous example too?
Also, in this case it is in a way a strengthening of the wayyiqtol of the same root before it.
Here the inf. abs. follows the finite verb of the same root (as opposed to preceding it under the first subheading).
Other example(s): JOS 6:9 הָל֖וֹךְ וְתָק֥וֹעַ בַּשּׁוֹפָרֽוֹת׃ continually blowing the horns.
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Imperative
I suggest using "command", since the imperative is a different form.
This meaning is quite common if the infinitive absolute occurs alone, without other verbs.
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you will certainly die
Literally: "dying you will die"
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meaning
usage
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along eating
Literally "walking and eating"
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