The first part of this law stems back to that idea that women are bad and they are manipulative. In Massachusetts and in many of the new colonies politics were based on religion and what the Bible said. the law is saying that if the woman is hiding her bastard child's death then she is forcing others to keep it a secret as well.

The new and improved Government of the Commonwealth began in 1780, making these laws and the process of the general court fairly new. John Hancock was the governor at the time the law was passed. http://www.sec.state.ma.us/arc/arccol/colmac.htm

Women during this time were always the ones that were charged, not to say that men were not, but since the court was made up of men they could not understand what these women were going through. Why it not okay for a woman to hide that her child died?

According to the Merriam-Webster dictionary procurement means " to get something by action or effort" http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/procure

When the law says "any issue of her body, male or female" is it meaning the child that she gave birth to is an issue or is it the fact that she is not married and is having a child?

She refers to her husband as a guest. Why would he be a guest in his own home? Could it be that he has been gone so long, when he comes back they (the family) will not be used to him being there, so he would be a kind of guest in their home?

Bradstreet is talking about her children here. She is saying that she is at home with her kids all day and they are a constant reminder of her husband, who she misses.

This line is referencing the weather and the season, which is winter. She uses seasons throughout her poem to describe her mood and how she feels without her husband. Without her husband she feels like her "Sun" is gone and her days are dark and dreary.

Ipswich is a town in Massachusetts. It is one of the oldest towns in the United States and was part of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ipswich,_Massachusetts