6,999 Matching Annotations
  1. Jun 2019
    1. Ne solliciti sitis

      Do not worry

    2. Davy the ditcher

      Davy the ditcher will die of starvation because of the corruption of landlords and clergy.

    3. Alter alterius onera portate

      Each other's burdens

    4. Mihi vindicta, & ego retribuam.

      Revenge and retribution.

    5. Labores manuum tuarum, etc.

      The labor of your hands, etc.

    6. Paupertatis onus patienter ferre memento.

      Remember to endure patiently the burden of poverty.

    7. Et qui bona egerunt, ibunt in vitam aeternam; qui vero mala, in ignem aeternum.

      And they that have done good shall go into life everlasting; and they that have done evil, into everlasting fire.

    8. Si ambulavero in medio umbrae mortis non timebo mala: quoniam tu mecum es.

      Even though I walk in the midst of the shadow of death, I will fear no evil: for thou art with me.

    9. Fuerunt mihi lacrimae meae panes die ac nocte.

      My tears have been my bread day and night.

    10. saith

      said

    11. psalter

      another name for Psalms

    12. `Peter!’ quoth the priest then · `I can no pardon find

      The priest is startled to see that the pardon is only two lines.

    13. `Piers,’ quoth a priest then · `thy pardon must I read, For I will construe each clause · and tell it in English.’

      A priest asks Piers for the opportunity to read the pardon and explain it to the people in English.

    14. TRUTH hereof heard tell · and to Piers he sent, To take him his team · and to till the earth; And provided a pardon · a poena et a culpa For him, and for his heirs · for evermore after. And bade him hold him at home · and plow up his fields, And all that helped him to plow · to set or to sow, Or any other work · that might Piers avail, Pardon with Piers Plowman · Truth them hath granted.

      Truth sends Piers a pardon “For him and for his heirs” that allows all those who faithfully help Piers work “to pass through purgatory quickly.”

    15. vexation

      a feeling of being annoyed, puzzled, and frustrated

    16. construe

      interpret

    17. truce

      an agreement between two people or groups of people to stop fighting or quarreling for a short time

    18. hitherward

      here

    19. The false fellows were afeared · and feigned themselves blind; Some laid their legs awry · in the way such louts know,

      Those who feign lameness or blindless are instantly “cured” when they learn that Piers will not feed them unless they work.

    20. assent

      agree with

    21. croft

      a small piece of land which is owned and farmed by one family and which provides them with food

    22. Everyone works together to support the community, sounds like a perfect feudalism.

    23. Dame Work-while-time-is · Pier’s wife was called; His daughter, Do-right-so- · or-thy-dame-shall-thee-beat; His son, Suffer-thy-sovereigns- · to-have-their-will- Judge-them-not-for-if-thou-dost- · thou-shalt-it-dearly-rue.

      Wow his family's names are outrageously wordy!

    24. requite

      to make return to (a person for a kindness or injury)

    25. anhungered

      overcome or oppressed with hunger

    26. maw

      big open mouth

    27. contemplative

      thoughtful; reflective

    28. chaffer

      to haggle or bargain

    29. engenderer

      If someone or something engenders a particular feeling, atmosphere, or situation, they cause it to occur.

    30. wilt

      weak

    31. starveling

      starving

    32. proffered

      offered

    33. louts

      If you describe a man or boy as a lout, you are critical of them because they behave in an impolite or aggressive way.

    34. coulter

      a blade or sharp-edged disc attached to a plough so that it cuts through the soil vertically in advance of the ploughshare

    35. remnant

      remains; remainder

    36. memento

      an object which you keep because it reminds you of a person or a special occasion

    37. sendal

      a fine silk fabric used, esp in the Middle Ages, for ceremonial clothing, etc.

    38. Where Truth is in Trinity · and enthroneth them all. Therefore I say, as I said · in sight of these texts, When all treasures are tried · Truth is the best. Learn these unlearned · for lettered men know it, That Truth is treasure · the best tried on earth.’

      The word truth is capitalized as a proper noun. To me the story is personifying the truth as a being that is a pure follower of God's word. The truth will make it to heaven because the text mentioned earlier that only those who speak the truth will obtain salvation

    39. For the pride he put on · his pain hath no end;

      he boasted about his damnation

    40. And more thousands with him · than man could number

      To me this makes it seem like hell is more populated than heaven

    41. Cherubim

      A winged angelic being regarded in traditional Christian angelology as an angel of the second highest order of the celestial hierarchy described in biblical tradition as attending on God.

    42. Seraphim

      An angelic being from Christian angelology noted as belonging to the highest order of the celestial hierarchy and is associated with light, ardor, and purity.

    43. For Christian and heathen · alike claim the truth.

      Christian and heathen are two polar opposites but they are similar in how they both have religious connotation.

    44. Then I fell on my knees · and cried of her grace, And prayed her piteously · to pray for my sins, And to teach me kindly · on Christ to believe, That I might work his will · that made of me man. `Show me no treasure · but tell me this only — How may I save my soul · thou that holy art held?’

      Desperate to know God and wants to be saved

    45. `Then shalt thou come to a court · as clear as the sun; The moat is of Mercy · the manor about, And its walls are of Wit · to hold the Will out, Crenellated with Christendom · mankind to save, Buttressed with Believe-so- · or-thou-beest-not-saved.

      They will reach a "court as clear as the sun" with a "moat" (deep ditch) made of Mercy and walls of Wit, buttressed (supported) by belief.

    46. moat

      a deep, broad ditch dug around a fortress or castle, and often filled with water, for protection against invasion

    47. Meekness

      long suffering

    48. thresh

      to beat or strike

    49. Nor livelihood to thy body · that is life to the soul.

      I interpret this as just because you are alive does not mean that you are truly living. To be truly living you need to feed your soul, not just your body.

    50. blundered

      made stupid mistakes

    51. PIERS PLOWMAN

      makes his first appearance here

    52. paltry

      insignificant

    53. The woman who found the piece of silver

      from Luke 15:8

    54. The kingdom of Heaven is like unto treasure hidden in a field.

      from Matthew 13:44

    55. laudable

      something deserves to be praised or admired

    56. Buttressed

      Supported

    57. Christendom

      refers to Christians as a group

    58. For Truth telleth that Love · is the remedy of Heaven; No sin may be seen in him · that useth that sort, And all his works he wrought · with Love as he listed; And taught it Moses for the best thing · and most like to Heaven With the plant of peace · most precious of virtues.`For Heaven might not hold it · so heavy of itself, Till it had of the earth · eaten its fill. `And when it had of this fold · flesh and blood taken,

      Holy Church explains that Love took on “flesh and blood” on earth, and is now the “leader of the Lord’s people in Heaven,” serving as a point of contact between the God and his people.

    59. staves

      noun. a vertical wooden post or plank in a building or other structure.

    60. When al I trasures are tried,’ quoth she · ‘truth is the best; I appeal to Deus caritas · to tell thee truth; It is as dear a darling · as dear God himself.

      Holy Church complicates the idea of Truth being a person, as Truth is also a gift given by God, whom she refers to as Deus caritas, God is love.

    61. Passus

      Latin for "steps", equivalent to "chapters" here

    62. dale

      noun. a valley, especially a broad one.

    63. As I looked to the east · right into the sun,

      It is sunrise, as the sun rises in the east

    64. Tramps and beggars · went quickly about, Their bellies and their bags · with bread well crammed; Cadging for their food · fighting at ale; In gluttony, God knows · going to bed, And getting up with ribaldry · the thieving knaves! Sleep and sorry sloth · ever pursue them.

      He is saying the beggars and tramps sacrifice human dignity to ask for food when they're hungry and sleep when they're full.

    65. Some put them to pride · and apparelled themselves so In a display of clothing · they came disguised. To prayer and penance · put themselves many, All for love of our Lord · living hard lives, In hope for to have · heavenly bliss. Such as anchorites and hermits · that kept them in their cells, And desired not the country · around to roam; Nor with luxurious living · their body to please.

      The narrator is cynical about people because just about every type of person he describes is concerned only with their own well-being and making money.

    66. fair field full of folk

      symbolizes society

    67. sloth

      laziness, especially with regard to work

    68. wenches

      girls who worked as a servant or served people food or drink

    69. ribaldry

      ribald language or behavior is rather rude and refers to sex in a humorous way

    70. lechery

      the behaviour of men who are only interested in others sexually

    71. requiems

      music for singers and musicians that can be performed either as part of a requiem mass or as part of a concert

    72. methought

      it seemed to me

    73. Malvern hills

      It is between Worcestershire and Herefordshire, near the supposed birth-place of the poet.

    74. I came to the church.

      My reflection: I must say, this reading was difficult to understand. The narrator (also the main character) falls into a deep and adventurous sleep. From what I understood, he is deciding between the truth and false. There's so many good biblical references said that helped him make his choice. I liked how the author wrote the story starting with the prologue then explaining the dream and then waking up after the dream.

    75. And if thou find any fellow · that any false man Or fortune hath injured · find how such to know! Comfort him with thy goods · for Christ’s love of Heaven, Love them and lend to them · so God’s law teacheth:

      If i am correct, it is saying that if people do bad, still treat them good. Let God take care of them. If so, I like this quote. Whatever your beliefs are, treat people good. God has everything under control.

    76. take heed how they lie

      teach your daughters how people or just men lie?

    77. heed

      Heed means to pay attention to; take notice of.

    78. To have pity of that people · that pained him to death.

      Talking about when Jesus was put up on the cross.

    79. Therefore is Love leader · of the Lord’s folk of Heaven, And a mean, as the mayor is · between king and commons; Right so is Love a leader

      Is it saying how great is the love of Jesus for us?

    80. as dear God himself.

      It sounds like she is praying and asking for forgiveness to God, but how come?

    81. Adam and Eve

      I don't understand why he keeps referencing the bible?

    82. woollen

      Made wholly or partly of wool.

    83. I was feared of her face ·

      is this still part of the dream?

    84. All this I saw sleeping, and seven times more.

      So everything that was just described is still part of her dream? I thought it was done after the prologue?

    85. coifs

      Coifs means a woman's close fitting cap, that is now only worn under a veil by nuns.

    86. knave

      Knave means a dishonest or unscrupulous man.

    87. preacheth.

      preach

    88. lechery

      Lechery means excessive or offensive sexual desire; lustfulness.

    89. requiems

      Requiems means (especially in the Roman Catholic Church) a Mass for the repose of the souls of the dead. What does this exactly mean? Like, they are worshiping the souls of the dead?

    90. At setting and sowing

      Sounds like a small poor old town.

    91. ribaldry

      Means amusingly coarse or irreverent talk or behavior.

    92. asketh.

      This means ask.

    1. And in these words I saw a marvellous high mystery hid in God, which mystery He shall openly make known to us in Heaven: in which knowing we shall verily see the cause why He suffered sin to come. In which sight we shall endlessly joy in our Lord God.

      She is grateful that God suffered sin as he is able to understand why people sin and does not blame them for it. She was a sinner but has remained devoted to God and He has forgiven her.

    2. affeared

      Afraid

    3. Also our Lord God shewed that it is full great pleasance to Him that a helpless soul come to Him simply and plainly and homely.

      God is happy to help anyone and everyone who needs it

    4. for all that is beneath Him sufficeth not us.

      People tend to surround themselves with temporary things in hopes that they will last permanently, but she is saying that God is the only thing that lasts forever and the only thing worth keeping in our lives.

    5. betwixt

      between

    6. For I would that His pains were my pains, with compassion and afterward longing to God.

      This part confuses me? Why does she want to feel the pain that God feels?

    7. After this my sight began to fail, and it was all dark about me in the chamber, as if it had been night, save in the Image of the Cross whereon I beheld a common light; and I wist not how. All that was away from the Cross was of horror to me, as if it had been greatly occupied by the fiends.

      This description is so interesting to me. She describes dying through a universal description, as she sees darkness and then a single white light. What's interesting is how she mentions that the light is the light of the cross. Even as she is leaving her body she does not forget her creator and finds comfort in that light so easily.

    8. I[Pg 6] trusted in God of His mercy. But it was to have lived that I might have loved God better, and longer time, that I might have the more knowing and loving of God in bliss of Heaven.

      She has devoted her life to God and her death does not disturb her because she knows that her life will continue to be held by the hands of God.

    9. For if we never fell, we should not know how feeble and how wretched we are of our self, and also we should not fully know that marvellous love of our Maker.

      Connects to the idea of why God allowed human beings to sin.

    10. The mother may give her child suck of her milk, but our precious Mother, Jesus, He may feed us with Himself,

      A physical simile of motherhood that adds to Christ being a mother figure.

    11. If I might suffer more, I would suffer more.

      Christ would have suffered more to prove his love. Similar to Julian who wants to receive all of Christ's wounds.

    12. As verily as God is our Father, so verily God is our Mother

      God is both parental figures, not more one than the other.

    13. we love Him sweetly and trust

      I noticed that this weeks reading has a lot to do with trust, love and faith in God along with nature, mercy and grace and how they all work hand in hand

    14. .

      God hopes that when we do fall, we will do so as a child does and turn to our Lord for help and mercy just as a hurt child turns to their mother. He sees it better that we mourn and weep than to suffer in pity. It is then where we shall receive his love and grace

    15. And after this He suffereth some of us to fall more hard and more grievously than ever we did afore, as us thinketh. And then ween we (who be not all wise) that all were nought that we have begun. But this is not so. For it needeth us to fall, and it needeth us to see it. For if we never fell, we should not know how feeble and how wretched we are of our self, and also we should not fully know that marvellous love of our Make

      to me this sounds like some people have harder times than others but it is necessary because God needs us to fall in order to see and appreciate the good. If we do not fall we would never be able to learn from our mistakes or know the love of our Maker

    16. Our high Father, God Almighty, which is Being, He knew and loved us from afore any time

      is this saying God has loved us from the start and has created us to have each of these three qualities of our Mother, Father, and Holy Ghost, so it must be so that we love our creator because he is within us?

    17. the first is Nature, the second is Mercy, and the third is Grace.

      so is this referring to nature as sin, mercy when we have pain and seek out God for help, and grace as God's forgiveness? Also repeating to emphasize it's significance and purpose throughout the story

    18. three

      there is the repetition of the number three throughout the story

    19. Mother Christ

      This is the very first time in any novel I've ever seen Christ have feminine aspects, but it's very fitting. Christ shouldn't be a figure who punishes people who do wrong, it should be someone who is nurturing and allows you to grow.

    20. His loved Wife

      I think the simile between and humanity and Christ being like a marriage is almost a perfect comparison. In marriages there are compromises, mistakes and forgiveness- which are all the teaching of Christ, he forgives when you sin.

    21. but all shall be well, and all shall be well, and all manner of thing shall be well.

      repetition

    22. “Sin is behovable—[playeth a needful part]—; but all shall be well”

      You need to sin in your life because that will teach you to not sin and do better in the future.

    23. Sin is behovable
    24. Shewing
    25. And when I was thirty years old and a half

      Her age is somewhat interesting. She is older and therefore may have not devoted her previous life completely to God.

    26. The fairness and the lifelikeness is like nothing but the same; the plenteousness is like to the drops of water that fall off the eaves after a great shower of rain, that fall so thick that no man may number them with bodily wit; and for the roundness, they were like to the scale of herring, in the spreading on the forehead.

      similes

    27. seeming as it had come out of the veins; and in the coming out they were brown-red, for the blood was full[Pg 16] thick; and in the spreading-abroad they were bright-red; and when they came to the brows,

      This is a very vivid description of this image.

    28. eeming as it had come out of the veins; and in the coming out they were brown-red, for the blood was full[Pg 16] thick; and in the spreading-abroad they were bright-red; and when they came to the brows, then they vanished

      good description gives great imagery of how he looked with the blood oozing out covering his face with blood from the garland

    29. .

      God created us and loved us enough to keep us. Julian is saying we must in return show him love back instead of being obsessed with materialistic things

  2. earlybritishlit.pressbooks.com earlybritishlit.pressbooks.com
    1. .

      he is to confess of all his sins and now is only left with the good deeds and knowledge that he has done wrong. All he has left is to beg God for mercy and he shall be saved

    2. kneel down and ask mercy, For he is in good conceit with God almighty

      This is what God wanted Everyman to do in the first place. I think the lesson is being learned but now to see what God will have to say...

    3. Here I lie cold in the ground; Thy sins hath me sore bound, That I cannot stir.

      his sins heavily out weigh the good he has done. Let's see if it will be enough to help him....

    4. Another to deceive in the same wise As I have done thee

      materialistic things are deceiving making it think that we NEED it but it is not so. Wanting something is not the same as needing it and this is why he says goods are deceiving.

    5. I lie here in corners, trussed and piled so high,

      All the riches do him no good but just pile up. Was it worth it to obsess over such riches?

    6. How should I be merry or glad? For fair promises to me make, But when I have most need, they me forsake. I am deceived; that maketh me sad.

      How ironic that in his time of need, he wants everyone to be there and help him but they refuse just as he refused the help of God when he had sinned

    7. For I have a great enemy, that hath me in wait,

      Death

    8. succour

      support in hard times or distress

    9. gramercy.

      means many thanks, big thanks

    10. Sir, I must needs know your heaviness;

      trying to get him to confess all his sins

    11. For now I fear pains huge and great.

      Oh, now you want to be fearful. It's a little to late buddy look who you're standing with...Death. You better hope they grant you mercy because you're going to need it

    12. Yea, a thousand pound shalt thou have, And defer this matter till another day.

      trying to buy his way out?? haha not making yourself look any better dude

    13. .

      Death is going to take Everyman to God to tell of all their bad deeds and few good deeds with explanation why. They cannot back out and no one can take their place

    14. Hast thou thy Maker forget

      Everyman has their mind on lusts and treasures that they will not even see this coming. They have forgotten their creator and Death will be there to remind them, showing them what their future holds in hell leaving them with no other option to either continue sinning or to ask for the Lords help

    15. God.

      God is sending Death to everyman to remind them that there are consequences for their wrong doings and they will not be able to escape. He is reminding them that they are too occupied with materialistic things and are sinning left and right without keeping him in mind

    16. I proffered the people great multitude of mercy, And few there be that asketh it heartily

      God is always willing to hear them out and grant them mercy for their sins, but no one seems to care or even ask for mercy. It's a bit upsetting that they don't turn to him but instead just keep sinning without care

    17. They thank me not for the pleasure that I to them meant, Nor yet for their being that I them have lent;

      saying they're ungrateful and unappreciative

    18. In worldly riches is all their mind

      God is upset that everyman is too focused on materialistic things and forget the reason why they are here on this earth and why Christ died on the cross

    19. Drowned in sin, they know me not for their God;

      does this mean that they sin and don't care or that they sin but don't rely on God to help them or have any mercy for what they are doing?

    20. our heaven king Calleth Everyman to a general reckoning: Give audience, and hear what he doth say.

      God is about to give everyone a piece of his mind and they need to come together to hear what he has to say. They better get ready cause what he's about to tell them is going to have them shook! Stay woke!

    21. figure a moral play–

      I like how they state what type of play it's going to be here in the beginning - a moral play.

    22. Alas!

      an expression of grief, pity, or concern. I noticed that it says "alas!" a lot. thought it meant "at last".

    23. Amen

      My reflection: I liked this story. Easier to understand, and it also relates to the previous story. I read this while working on the first writing project. I really liked how all characters correlate with everyman (humanity). I think that it does represent people in some way. Some people forget or don't care about God. I think this is by far my favorite story/poem.

    24. hou art mad; thou hast thy wits five

      Everyone has five wits, and from my understanding the five wits are the five senses. Does it matter how it is written? Wits five? Five wits? Does it mean the same?

    25. spareth

      means spare

    26. I will in the world go run over all, And cruelly outsearch both great and small

      Death will go to every person and show them their destiny if they keep up with their bad reputations.

    27. Where art thou, Death, thou mighty messenger?

      God is calling death to be his messenger to everyman.

    28. For and I leave the people thus alone In their life and wicked tempests, Verily they will become much worse than beasts

      If God doesn't step in and help, people will keep on sinning therefore they will become "worse than beasts".

    29. haste

      Haste means excessive speed or urgency of movement or action; hurry.

    30. To get them life I suffered to be dead; I healed their feet, with thorns hurt was my head

      Talking about when Jesus died on the cross. He is saying that people don't care about him or what he did to save everyman.

    31. Everyman

      Everyman is known as all of humanity.

    32. Drowned in sin, they know me not for their God

      People keep sinning. they know of God, but don't call him as their God.

    33. our heaven king Calleth Everyman to a general reckoning: Give audience, and hear what he doth say.

      God will call onto everyman, here is what he has to say.

    34. HERE BEGINNETH

      Here is how it started when God sent death to talk to everyman.

    1. .

      I was really surprised by this story. To me it seems like the Friar's own morals mix into the story itself. Maybe he is the devil himself. My mind wanders to television shows that show devils and angels. Lucifer Is a great example of this. This story does not include angles, but it does have devils. But man, was I really surprised by that ending. I was thinking "Nah, he's just going to let it pass since it is his 'brother'." But no, he is faithful to his word. Which might be what the Friar's morals are.

    2. And they struck hands and made their solemn oath To be sworn brothers till their dying day. Gossiping then they rode upon their way.

      Doesn't this make this kind of messed of saying that one summoner is a devil?

    3. dives

      I couldn't find what this means. I thought it might be a location, but I was wrong. Does anybody know the answer to this topic?

    4. s holy grace,

      My reflection: This story is easier to understand. The summoner is just pure evil trying to take advantage of people. I can see him as the devil. The only way to be saved is through Jesus Christ. I noticed that all of the stories talk about God in some way.

    5. Ben’cite

      Ben'cite means bless you. In what language is this in?

    6. wrath

      Wrath means extreme anger (chiefly used for humorous or rhetorical (effect)

    7. impotent

      Impotent means unable to take effective action; helpless or powerless.

    8. In various shapes, and not in one, you know?”

      They get to decide how they want to be seen when they ride through hell together looking for their prey.

    9. I see you ride with much the same intent

      He wants his brother to ride with him through hell as well. He thinks that he will be a good fit for it.

    10. You are a bailiff and I am another

      Are they now working together? helping each other out until their last day?

    11. comrade

      Comrade means a companion who shares one's activities or is a fellow member of an organization; friend.

    12. Rode out to summon

      He is going after people that aren't doing very good things.

    13. privily

      Privily means private or a secret.

    14. fake testaments

      Sounds like there isn't a lot of good people in this country.

    15. dwelt

      dwelt means to live in or at a specified place.

    1. !

      Man, this story was a lot. Not as much as the knights tale, but a lot. I noticed that this text uses the stereotypical "rhyming scheme" as if they were playing a lute. To me I think the author wants me to know to be true to my wife and to others. To teach the lesson of honesty and faithfulness. My question is does the women seem like she was lying how she felt about her age? Earlier in the text I noticed that she was "Energetic and full of fun" when she was 40. To me I thought that maybe she was lying to herself or the group. Maybe out of shame or fear. And I don't know if the women is just sexually adventurous in the story, but man she really likes to play with men. She is a male-con artist.

    2. So help me God, I was a healthy one, And fair and rich and young and full of fun;

      This fascinates me... she says that in her 40's, she was "young and full of fun." to me it seems like she is either lying to herself, or she is lying to the party she is telling the tale to. Maybe she was just trying to reject the idea that she had hit her 40's and her crazy years were coming to an end. She maybe lies to the party, just because she doesn't want her ego to be hurt.

    3. vigils
      1. wakefulness maintained for any reason during the normal hours for sleeping.
      2. a watch or a period of watchful attention maintained at night or at other times:
    4. paramour

      A lover

    5. Canterbury Tales: The Wife of Bath’s Prologue and Tale

      This introduction on how women should be treated as equally as men are treated. Bringing up the idea of equality, it reminds me of the piece "Salve deus rex Judaeorum", which was the very first known piece to try to encourage women's power. Since this piece follows, maybe the author of this story got inspiration from "Salve Deus Rex Judaeorum."

    6. A shrewe’s proverb

      A womens temper

    7. The more it burns, the more it has desire To consume everything that burned may be. You say that just as worms destroy a tree, Just so a wife destroys her own husband;

      stating that a woman's love is toxic to man and only makes him weak, neglecting all the good that comes from love and only focusing on the negatives. this portrays women as evil and men as saints who have fallen prey to women and have obtained an inescapable fate by falling in love with a woman.

    8.       You say, some men desire us for our gold, Some for our shape and some for fairness told: 265 And some, that she can either sing or dance, And some, for courtesy and dalliance; Some for her hands and for her arms so small; Thus all goes to the devil in your tale. You say men cannot keep a castle wall 270 That’s long assailed on all sides, and by all.

      To me this explains how some men will express how they view women beyond physical attributes and will instead focus on the personality traits or the talents and abilities women posses. However, at the end of the day men like women because they are women, not because they can dance.

    9. brazenfacedly

      adjective. bold and without shame.

    10. Welaway

      archaic. —used to express sorrow or lamentation.

    11. Christ was a maid, and yet shaped like a man,

      God is a woman

    12. pence

      My reflection; This was an interesting story. I noticed that the author used a lot of alliteration. I think the wife uses so many biblical references because she doesn't want to feel bad about her being with so many guys. I like how it described each husband independently.

    13. But where God wills to give it, of His might. 85 I know well that the apostle was a virgin; Nevertheless, and though he wrote and urged in, He would that everyone were such as he, All is not counsel to virginity; And so to be a wife he gave me leave 90 Out of permission; there’s no shame should grieve

      Even though she remarried which was not ideal in God's eyes she redeemed herself in how she ended each marriage appropriately

    14. The apostle when he speaks of maidenhead; He said, commandment of the Lord he’d none. Men may advise a woman to be one, But such advice is not commandment, no; He left the thing to our own judgment so.

      God has not set any example for women as to how to care for their virginity so he cannot ridicule or judge. It seems like men have set their own standards and men ridicule and judge because it was assumed that we have the right of judgement if God does not.

    1. !

      This text seems like a typical Netflix series from now-a days/ But it also reminds me of the knights tale, in terms saying that it is two men fighting over one women. It is a little different, but the same context. And it is interesting that the carpenter fell for the world is flooding non-sense. It is as if the astrologer is thought as god in the scene. My question is what happened after the story. Did the carpenter get put into jail? Since he was laughed at, was he thought as a crazy man?

    2. tarrying.

      Ah, so he is saying "If you listen to me and do what I say, god will not smite us with a world killing shower."

    3. fillet

      a band or ribbon worn around the head, especially for binding the hair.

    4. And she had become eighteen years of age.

      This was actually very common before the mid 20th century. people married young. As our civilization has aged, so has our time of marriage.

    5. Once on a time was dwelling in Oxford 80 A wealthy man who took in guests to board, And of his craft he was a carpenter. A poor scholar was lodging with him there,

      A poor scholar boards with a rich carpenter and his wife. Why?

    6. !

      Definitely a joy to read! Like "The Knight's Tale," we have a love triangle involving two men and an unobtainable woman--except the love triangle is really a lust triangle, and the woman is unobtainable because she's married! The ending is clever and unpredictable. I also like its theme on punishment. I would say this is my favorite among all tales I've read.

    7. For this was his desire, and hers also.

      hmm...

    8. From day to day this pretty Absalom So wooed her he was woebegone therefrom.

      He's SO desperate.

    9. But, truth to tell, he was a bit squeamish 230 Of farting and of arrogant language.

      He is a little offended by farting and doesn't like arrogant language very much.

    10. squeamish

      easily upset by unpleasant sights or situations

    11. barmaids

      bartender

    12. quitclaim

      a formal renunciation of any claim against a person or of a right to land

    13. In twenty manners could he trip and dance, After the school that reigned in Oxford, though, And with his two legs swinging to and fro; And he could play upon a violin; Thereto he sang in treble voice and thin; 225 And as well could he play on his guitar.

      Wow a very talented guy. If I were Alisoun, I would be attracted to this guy more than Nicholas I guess.

    14. Curled was his hair, shining like gold, and from His head spread fanwise in a thick bright mop; ‘Twas parted straight and even on the top;

      He is extremely fastidious.

    15. Her mouth was sweet as bragget or as mead Or hoard of apples laid in hay or weed. 155 Skittish she was as is a pretty colt, Tall as a staff and straight as cross-bow bolt. A brooch she wore upon her collar low, As broad as boss of buckler did it show; Her shoes laced up to where a girl’s legs thicken. 160 She was a primrose, and a tender chicken

      Literary device: blazon - a medieval literary device where a woman’s body parts are compared w/ other objects

    1. .

      This story is interesting to me. I am fascinated to see how love could break even brothers apart. The tale is interesting, This makes my mind wander to love tales today. There have been many examples of two people fall in love with one person. Which in the process, it breaks apart their relationship. Maybe this story was the original, and all modern tales are based off of this.