The timing of activity for two predators (rockcod and dottyback, both reef fishes), and their common prey (the lemon damselfish) was compared. The behavior of the prey fish was determined to be a compromise between ideal times for efficient food capture and predator avoidance, with a particularly strong avoidance of the rockcod.

For the present study on blacktip reef sharks, considering the influence of prey activity allowed researchers to explore if factors other than temperature were driving the behavior of sharks.

This previous study of temperature-related shark behavior sought to study the feeding movements of dogfish: a relatively small shark that lives on the bottom of shallow marine environments. Researchers found that dogfish "avoided warmer water even when it was associated with greater food availability" showing a strong preference for colder waters when given the chance.

The similar title of this paper ("Hunt warm, rest cool...") with that of the present study (."..Hunt Warm, Rest Warmer?) suggests that Dr. Papastamatiou and colleagues used the dogfish study as an important source of inspiration for their own study on blacktip reef sharks.

Byrne's review focuses on the impacts of assemblage diversity on ecosystem functions.

This study acknowledges the impact of diversity on resource utilization and thus productivity, however the focus is on the characterization of multi-functionality.

Fissore's review argues that carbon sequester by forests in the mid-west can not off set fossil fuel based carbon dioxide emissions. The study compares hypothetical scenarios necessary to offset significant proportions of the carbon dioxide emissions by converting landscapes into carbon sequestering species.

Follett discusses the role organic soils play in the movement of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere to the soil. This review characterizes terrestrial soils as carbon sinks which is important for crop management.

Reich compares the role of CO2 and N on species richness and functional group diversity.

This study compares the roles of functional group diversity and species richness has on biomass accumulation in an elevated carbon dioxide and nitrogen environment.

Sejo discusses the role species richness plays in effecting economic value.

This review puts emphasis on the role of biodiversity on marginal economic value represented as carbon storage for conservation efforts.

Fornara reviews the mechanisms that control carbon and nitrogen accumulation in soils.

The review covers the relationships between biodiversity and carbon and nitrogen accumulation in soils, with an emphasis on the c3 and c4 grasses.

Daniels reviews the role forests play in reducing atmospheric carbon dioxide levels. His focus however is primarily advocating for including carbon sequester by forests into management plans or a cap-and-trade program.

Barnosky discusses the events known as mass extinctions and compares the rates of extinction for these events to modern rates of extinction. PB

Each additional degree of species richness is worth less than the previous degree of richness in terms of economic value. Therefore, the economic value does not increase in direct proportion with the species richness, although they are correlated.

SC

Cardinale reviews the roles of primary producer biodiversity with respect to ecological processes critical to the functionality and health of terrestrial and marine ecosystems. PB

Villordo and peers (2015) studied the cycle of how mosquito viruses could quickly adapt to different human host environments. The changes in RNA structures were examined in the dengue virus during host adaptation. The researchers discovered that the 3’UTR of RNA is modified during host adaptation, such as duplicating the structure to accommodate for beneficial mutations.

Sakakibara and peers studied the Musashi-1 protein within a mouse and associated the protein with neural development. Musashi-1 was found to be highly enriched within the central nervous system of mammalian cells, regulate stem cell translation, and can differentiate into neurons through regulation.

Li and others (2016) hypothesized that ZIKV can infect not only developing neuronal stem cells, but also adult brain cells. The results seen were that adults can be affected by the ZIKV. The adult would need to be triply deficient in the regulatory factor for interferon to allow the virus to take hold of the stem cells in the brain.

Li and others (2016) hypothesized that ZIKV can infect not only developing neuronal stem cells, but also adult brain cells. The results seen were that adults can be affected by the ZIKV. The adult would need to be triply deficient in the regulatory factor for interferon to allow the virus to take hold of the stem cells in the brain.

Cugola et al., (2016) found that ZIKV infects fetuses, causes intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), and causes signs of microcephaly in mice. Data demonstrated that the infection of ZIKV into human brain organoids reduced proliferation and disrupted cortical layers. This indicates that ZIKV is able to cross the placenta and cause microcephaly by inducing apoptosis in cortical progenitor cells.

Side effects of phosphorylation

inhibition may have a short term positive effect

The steps that tau tangles interfere with in the transmittance of signals in the brain.

steps and relevance to Alzheimer's disea

Very open ended statement, what did they consider in order to determine its value?

This study states that sharks in the Palmyra Atoll find food in other habitats.

-RKL

The study explains how the effects of a high cost/ low reward way of life may affect an ecosystem -M.A.S

Explains the metabolic equation used in the study -M.A.S.