Or you can use Maybe container! It consists of Some and Nothing types, representing existing state and empty (instead of None) state respectively.

In other words, once you've used Maybe you cannot hit nil with a missing method. This is remarkable because even &. doesn't save you from omitting || "No state" at the end of the computation. Basically, that's what they call "Type Safety".

Maybe T can be understood as a "wrapping" type, wrapping the type T into a new type with built-in exception handling

handling potential undefined values (with the Maybe monad)