In DNA and RNA, the phosphodiester bond is the linkage between the 3' carbon atom of one sugar molecule and the 5' carbon atom of another, deoxyribose in DNA and ribose in RNA.
3'-5' phosphodiester linkage
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- Apr 2022
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carbon #1, also called the anomeric carbon in carbohydrate terminology
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carbon #1, also called the anomeric carbon in carbohydrate terminology
Carbohydrate terminology
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The Strecker synthesis is a two-stage procedure used to synthesize alpha amino acids from aldehydes.
Synthetic route
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The purines have a double ring structure with a six-membered ring fused to a five-membered ring. Pyrimidines are smaller with a single six-membered ring structure. The carbon atoms of the five-carbon sugar are numbered 1', 2', 3', 4', and 5' (1' is read as “one prime”).
- Purines have a 2-ring heterocycle.
- Pyrimidines only have one.
When there is a nucleobase present, the anomeric position on the sugar is labeled 1'
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Naming Nucleobases, Nucleosides and Nucleotides
Nucleosides have a nitrogenous base and a five-carbon carbohydrate group, usually a ribose molecule. Nucleotides are a nucleoside with one or more phosphate groups attached.
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When an alcohol adds to an aldehyde, the result is called a hemiacetal; when an alcohol adds to a ketone the resulting product is a hemiketal.
Hemiacetals
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