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  1. Sep 2017
    1. For over thirty yearsnow, the terms‘Hawk’and‘Dove’have been used to describe thephenomenon of Hawks as assessors who have high expectationsand subsequently fail many students and Doves who are morelikely to pass students as they err on leniency as opposed to hawkswho are more stringent (Alexander, 1996; McManus et al., 2006;Seldomridge and Walsh, 2006; Panzarella and Manyon, 2007).The consequences of this can be that one student can receivea higher grade than one of their peers either because of betterperformance or luck in being assessed by a lenient marker(Iramaneerat and Yudkowsky, 2007).More experienced assessors however are not immune to gradeinflation. Again North American authors state that many asses-sors who are non-tenured are reluctant to give low gradesbecause they rely on good evaluations from their students fortheir continued employment. Assessors who are tenured areoften reluctant to give low grades because they do not want towaste time in dealing with student appeals (Chambers, 1999;Walsh and Seldomridge, 2005; Gill et al., 2006; Isaacson andStacy, 2009

      Hawks and Doves in Grade Assessment