Nao, le robot humanoïde qui peut aider les enfants autistes

douzaine d'enfants de 2 à 6 ans, dont la moitié souffrait d'autisme

Nao, le robot qui focalise l’attention

L'humanoïde est placé sur une table, en face de la chaise où l'enfant est assis. Tout autour, des écrans diffusent des dessins animés, et des webcams var _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____ = function(name) {return (self._wb_wombat && self._wb_wombat.local_init && self._wb_wombat.local_init(name)) || self[name]; }; if (!self.__WB_pmw) { self.__WB_pmw = function(obj) { this.__WB_source = obj; return this; } } { let window = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("window"); let self = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("self"); let document = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("document"); let location = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("location"); let top = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("top"); let parent = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("parent"); let frames = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("frames"); let opener = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("opener"); { wbinfo = {}; wbinfo.top_url = "https://viahtml.hypothes.is/proxy/https://www.futura-sciences.com/popup/definition/3982/"; wbinfo.ignore_prefixes = ["https://hypothes.is/", "https://cdn.hypothes.is/", "https://cdnapisec.kaltura.com/", "https://player.vimeo.com/", "https://www.youtube.com/embed/"];wbinfo.url = "https://www.futura-sciences.com/popup/definition/3982/"; wbinfo.timestamp = "20260324144445"; wbinfo.request_ts = ""; wbinfo.prefix = decodeURI("https://viahtml.hypothes.is/proxy/"); wbinfo.mod = ""; wbinfo.is_framed = false; wbinfo.is_live = true; wbinfo.coll = "proxy"; wbinfo.proxy_magic = ""; wbinfo.static_prefix = "https://viahtml.hypothes.is/static/"; wbinfo.enable_auto_fetch = false; wbinfo.target_frame = "___wb_replay_top_frame"; }} var _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____ = function(name) {return (self._wb_wombat && self._wb_wombat.local_init && self._wb_wombat.local_init(name)) || self[name]; }; if (!self.__WB_pmw) { self.__WB_pmw = function(obj) { this.__WB_source = obj; return this; } } { let window = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("window"); let self = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("self"); let document = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("document"); let location = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("location"); let top = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("top"); let parent = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("parent"); let frames = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("frames"); let opener = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("opener"); { wbinfo.wombat_ts = "20260324144445"; wbinfo.wombat_sec = "1774363485"; wbinfo.wombat_scheme = "https"; wbinfo.wombat_host = "www.futura-sciences.com"; wbinfo.wombat_opts = {}; if (window && window._WBWombatInit) { window._WBWombatInit(wbinfo); } }} var _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____ = function(name) {return (self._wb_wombat && self._wb_wombat.local_init && self._wb_wombat.local_init(name)) || self[name]; }; if (!self.__WB_pmw) { self.__WB_pmw = function(obj) { this.__WB_source = obj; return this; } } { let window = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("window"); let self = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("self"); let document = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("document"); let location = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("location"); let top = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("top"); let frames = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("frames"); let opener = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("opener"); { const proxiedURL = "https://www.futura-sciences.com/popup/definition/3982/"; /** * Return `true` if this frame has no ancestors or its nearest ancestor was * not served through Via. * * The implementation relies on all documents proxied through Via sharing the * same origin. */ function isTopViaFrame() { if (window === window.top) { // Trivial case - This is the top-most frame in the tab so it must be the // top Via frame. return true; } try { // Get a reference to the parent frame. Via's "wombat.js" frontend code // monkey-patches `window.parent` in certain cases, in which case // `window.__WB_orig_parent` is the _real_ parent frame. var parent = window.__WB_orig_parent || window.parent; // Try to access the parent frame's location. This will trigger an // exception if the frame comes from a different, non-Via origin. // // This test assumes that all documents proxied through Via are served from // the same origin. If a future change to Via means that is no longer the // case, this function will need to be implemented differently. parent.location.href; // If the access succeeded, the parent frame was proxied through Via and so // this is not the top Via frame. return false; } catch (err) { // If the access failed, the parent frame was not proxied through Via and // so this is the top Via frame. return true; } } function stripFragmentAndViaParams(url) { const parsed = new URL(url); parsed.hash = ''; // nb. Keys are copied to avoid incorrect result if params are modified // during iteration. for (let key of [...parsed.searchParams.keys()]) { if (key.startsWith('via.')) { parsed.searchParams.delete(key); } } return parsed.toString(); } /** * Test if a link will navigate to a new page as opposed to scrolling to a * different location within the current page. * * The logic a browser uses to decide this is specified in * https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsing-the-web.html#navigate (step 8). * * @param {HTMLAnchorElement} linkEl */ function isExternalLink(linkEl) { // `linkEl.href` is monkey-patched by pywb/Wombat to return the proxied // URL so we need to compare that to the proxied URL of the current page, // rather than `location.href`, which will return the proxy URL. // // `linkEl.href` may contain "via."-prefixed parameters, whereas `proxiedURL` // does not, so we also need to ignore those. const targetURL = stripFragmentAndViaParams(linkEl.href); const currentURL = stripFragmentAndViaParams(proxiedURL); return currentURL !== targetURL; } /** * Setup handling of links to other documents. * * @param {"same-tab"|"new-tab"} mode */ function setupExternalLinkHandler(mode) { if (mode === "new-tab") { document.addEventListener("click", function (event) { const linkEl = event.target.closest("a"); if (linkEl) { if (isExternalLink(linkEl)) { // Make link open in a new tab. linkEl.target = "_blank"; // Prevent any event listeners on the link or its ancestors from // running, in case they try to do a client-side navigation. event.stopPropagation(); } } }, { // Use a capture event so we can intercept clicks before event handlers // from the page's own JS have run. capture: true }); } } /** * Return true if two objects `a` and `b` have the same keys and corresponding values, * ignoring key order. */ function shallowEqual(a, b) { const keysA = Object.keys(a).sort(); const keysB = Object.keys(b).sort(); return keysA.length === keysB.length && keysA.every((k, i) => keysB[i] === k && a[k] === b[k]); } /** * Send metadata about the document (title, URL etc.) to the top frame. * * Via displays proxied HTML content inside an iframe using viahtml. * It listens to these notifications to reflect the metadata of the * proxied document in the top frame (eg. to set the document title). */ function sendDocumentMetadataToParent() { if (window === window.top) { // We're already the top frame. return; } let prevMetadata = {}; const checkMetadata = () => { const currentMetadata = { // Report the URL of the document we are proxying to the Via parent // frame. A limitation of this is that it doesn't reflect any URL // changes made by the web application using the History API. location: proxiedURL, title: document.title, } if (!shallowEqual(prevMetadata, currentMetadata)) { prevMetadata = currentMetadata; window.parent.__WB_pmw(self.window).postMessage({ type: 'metadatachange', metadata: currentMetadata, }, '*'); } }; // Send initial metadata once the document has loaded. window.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', checkMetadata); // Monitor for future changes to metadata elements in `<head>`. const mo = new MutationObserver(checkMetadata); if (document.head) { mo.observe(document.head, { subtree: true, attributes: true, characterData: true }); } } (function () { if (!isTopViaFrame()) { // Do not inject Hypothesis into iframes in documents proxied through Via. // // This would slow down the loading of the proxied page, especially // for pages containing many iframes that are third-party ads or widgets. // Additionally the client requires different configuration in an iframe // eg. to operate in guest-only mode so that it doesn't create // its own sidebar. return; } // Inject the Hypothesis client. Object.defineProperty(window, 'hypothesisConfig', {value: function () { return {"openSidebar": false, "appType": "via", "showHighlights": true}; }}); var embed_script = document.createElement("script"); embed_script.src = "https://cdn.hypothes.is/hypothesis"; document.head.appendChild(embed_script); setupExternalLinkHandler("same-tab"); sendDocumentMetadataToParent(); })(); }} Webcam Une webcam est une caméra vidéo numérique connectée à un ordinateur et capable de capturer des vidéos et des photos, et de les transmettre sur Internet. La webcam a gagné en popularité lorsqu’elle a … Lire la suite , pointées vers la chaise, servent à déterminer les mouvements var _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____ = function(name) {return (self._wb_wombat && self._wb_wombat.local_init && self._wb_wombat.local_init(name)) || self[name]; }; if (!self.__WB_pmw) { self.__WB_pmw = function(obj) { this.__WB_source = obj; return this; } } { let window = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("window"); let self = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("self"); let document = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("document"); let location = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("location"); let top = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("top"); let parent = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("parent"); let frames = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("frames"); let opener = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("opener"); { wbinfo = {}; wbinfo.top_url = "https://viahtml.hypothes.is/proxy/https://www.futura-sciences.com/popup/definition/316/"; wbinfo.ignore_prefixes = ["https://hypothes.is/", "https://cdn.hypothes.is/", "https://cdnapisec.kaltura.com/", "https://player.vimeo.com/", "https://www.youtube.com/embed/"];wbinfo.url = "https://www.futura-sciences.com/popup/definition/316/"; wbinfo.timestamp = "20260324144349"; wbinfo.request_ts = ""; wbinfo.prefix = decodeURI("https://viahtml.hypothes.is/proxy/"); wbinfo.mod = ""; wbinfo.is_framed = false; wbinfo.is_live = true; wbinfo.coll = "proxy"; wbinfo.proxy_magic = ""; wbinfo.static_prefix = "https://viahtml.hypothes.is/static/"; wbinfo.enable_auto_fetch = false; wbinfo.target_frame = "___wb_replay_top_frame"; }} var _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____ = function(name) {return (self._wb_wombat && self._wb_wombat.local_init && self._wb_wombat.local_init(name)) || self[name]; }; if (!self.__WB_pmw) { self.__WB_pmw = function(obj) { this.__WB_source = obj; return this; } } { let window = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("window"); let self = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("self"); let document = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("document"); let location = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("location"); let top = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("top"); let parent = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("parent"); let frames = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("frames"); let opener = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("opener"); { wbinfo.wombat_ts = "20260324144349"; wbinfo.wombat_sec = "1774363429"; wbinfo.wombat_scheme = "https"; wbinfo.wombat_host = "www.futura-sciences.com"; wbinfo.wombat_opts = {}; if (window && window._WBWombatInit) { window._WBWombatInit(wbinfo); } }} var _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____ = function(name) {return (self._wb_wombat && self._wb_wombat.local_init && self._wb_wombat.local_init(name)) || self[name]; }; if (!self.__WB_pmw) { self.__WB_pmw = function(obj) { this.__WB_source = obj; return this; } } { let window = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("window"); let self = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("self"); let document = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("document"); let location = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("location"); let top = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("top"); let frames = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("frames"); let opener = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("opener"); { const proxiedURL = "https://www.futura-sciences.com/popup/definition/316/"; /** * Return `true` if this frame has no ancestors or its nearest ancestor was * not served through Via. * * The implementation relies on all documents proxied through Via sharing the * same origin. */ function isTopViaFrame() { if (window === window.top) { // Trivial case - This is the top-most frame in the tab so it must be the // top Via frame. return true; } try { // Get a reference to the parent frame. Via's "wombat.js" frontend code // monkey-patches `window.parent` in certain cases, in which case // `window.__WB_orig_parent` is the _real_ parent frame. var parent = window.__WB_orig_parent || window.parent; // Try to access the parent frame's location. This will trigger an // exception if the frame comes from a different, non-Via origin. // // This test assumes that all documents proxied through Via are served from // the same origin. If a future change to Via means that is no longer the // case, this function will need to be implemented differently. parent.location.href; // If the access succeeded, the parent frame was proxied through Via and so // this is not the top Via frame. return false; } catch (err) { // If the access failed, the parent frame was not proxied through Via and // so this is the top Via frame. return true; } } function stripFragmentAndViaParams(url) { const parsed = new URL(url); parsed.hash = ''; // nb. Keys are copied to avoid incorrect result if params are modified // during iteration. for (let key of [...parsed.searchParams.keys()]) { if (key.startsWith('via.')) { parsed.searchParams.delete(key); } } return parsed.toString(); } /** * Test if a link will navigate to a new page as opposed to scrolling to a * different location within the current page. * * The logic a browser uses to decide this is specified in * https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsing-the-web.html#navigate (step 8). * * @param {HTMLAnchorElement} linkEl */ function isExternalLink(linkEl) { // `linkEl.href` is monkey-patched by pywb/Wombat to return the proxied // URL so we need to compare that to the proxied URL of the current page, // rather than `location.href`, which will return the proxy URL. // // `linkEl.href` may contain "via."-prefixed parameters, whereas `proxiedURL` // does not, so we also need to ignore those. const targetURL = stripFragmentAndViaParams(linkEl.href); const currentURL = stripFragmentAndViaParams(proxiedURL); return currentURL !== targetURL; } /** * Setup handling of links to other documents. * * @param {"same-tab"|"new-tab"} mode */ function setupExternalLinkHandler(mode) { if (mode === "new-tab") { document.addEventListener("click", function (event) { const linkEl = event.target.closest("a"); if (linkEl) { if (isExternalLink(linkEl)) { // Make link open in a new tab. linkEl.target = "_blank"; // Prevent any event listeners on the link or its ancestors from // running, in case they try to do a client-side navigation. event.stopPropagation(); } } }, { // Use a capture event so we can intercept clicks before event handlers // from the page's own JS have run. capture: true }); } } /** * Return true if two objects `a` and `b` have the same keys and corresponding values, * ignoring key order. */ function shallowEqual(a, b) { const keysA = Object.keys(a).sort(); const keysB = Object.keys(b).sort(); return keysA.length === keysB.length && keysA.every((k, i) => keysB[i] === k && a[k] === b[k]); } /** * Send metadata about the document (title, URL etc.) to the top frame. * * Via displays proxied HTML content inside an iframe using viahtml. * It listens to these notifications to reflect the metadata of the * proxied document in the top frame (eg. to set the document title). */ function sendDocumentMetadataToParent() { if (window === window.top) { // We're already the top frame. return; } let prevMetadata = {}; const checkMetadata = () => { const currentMetadata = { // Report the URL of the document we are proxying to the Via parent // frame. A limitation of this is that it doesn't reflect any URL // changes made by the web application using the History API. location: proxiedURL, title: document.title, } if (!shallowEqual(prevMetadata, currentMetadata)) { prevMetadata = currentMetadata; window.parent.__WB_pmw(self.window).postMessage({ type: 'metadatachange', metadata: currentMetadata, }, '*'); } }; // Send initial metadata once the document has loaded. window.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', checkMetadata); // Monitor for future changes to metadata elements in `<head>`. const mo = new MutationObserver(checkMetadata); if (document.head) { mo.observe(document.head, { subtree: true, attributes: true, characterData: true }); } } (function () { if (!isTopViaFrame()) { // Do not inject Hypothesis into iframes in documents proxied through Via. // // This would slow down the loading of the proxied page, especially // for pages containing many iframes that are third-party ads or widgets. // Additionally the client requires different configuration in an iframe // eg. to operate in guest-only mode so that it doesn't create // its own sidebar. return; } // Inject the Hypothesis client. Object.defineProperty(window, 'hypothesisConfig', {value: function () { return {"openSidebar": false, "appType": "via", "showHighlights": true}; }}); var embed_script = document.createElement("script"); embed_script.src = "https://cdn.hypothes.is/hypothesis"; document.head.appendChild(embed_script); setupExternalLinkHandler("same-tab"); sendDocumentMetadataToParent(); })(); }} Mouvement On qualifie de mouvement, la variation de la position d'un point, d'un solide ou d'un système, étudié dans un référentiel donné, en fonction du temps. Un mouvement est décrit grâce à une vitesse et à… Lire la suite de la tête du sujet afin d'évaluer la direction de son regard. Pour les y aider, l'enfant porte une casquette de baseball équipée de Led, que l'ordinateur var _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____ = function(name) {return (self._wb_wombat && self._wb_wombat.local_init && self._wb_wombat.local_init(name)) || self[name]; }; if (!self.__WB_pmw) { self.__WB_pmw = function(obj) { this.__WB_source = obj; return this; } } { let window = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("window"); let self = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("self"); let document = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("document"); let location = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("location"); let top = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("top"); let parent = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("parent"); let frames = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("frames"); let opener = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("opener"); { wbinfo = {}; wbinfo.top_url = "https://viahtml.hypothes.is/proxy/https://www.futura-sciences.com/popup/definition/586/"; wbinfo.ignore_prefixes = ["https://hypothes.is/", "https://cdn.hypothes.is/", "https://cdnapisec.kaltura.com/", "https://player.vimeo.com/", "https://www.youtube.com/embed/"];wbinfo.url = "https://www.futura-sciences.com/popup/definition/586/"; wbinfo.timestamp = "20260324144349"; wbinfo.request_ts = ""; wbinfo.prefix = decodeURI("https://viahtml.hypothes.is/proxy/"); wbinfo.mod = ""; wbinfo.is_framed = false; wbinfo.is_live = true; wbinfo.coll = "proxy"; wbinfo.proxy_magic = ""; wbinfo.static_prefix = "https://viahtml.hypothes.is/static/"; wbinfo.enable_auto_fetch = false; wbinfo.target_frame = "___wb_replay_top_frame"; }} var _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____ = function(name) {return (self._wb_wombat && self._wb_wombat.local_init && self._wb_wombat.local_init(name)) || self[name]; }; if (!self.__WB_pmw) { self.__WB_pmw = function(obj) { this.__WB_source = obj; return this; } } { let window = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("window"); let self = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("self"); let document = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("document"); let location = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("location"); let top = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("top"); let parent = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("parent"); let frames = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("frames"); let opener = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("opener"); { wbinfo.wombat_ts = "20260324144349"; wbinfo.wombat_sec = "1774363429"; wbinfo.wombat_scheme = "https"; wbinfo.wombat_host = "www.futura-sciences.com"; wbinfo.wombat_opts = {}; if (window && window._WBWombatInit) { window._WBWombatInit(wbinfo); } }} var _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____ = function(name) {return (self._wb_wombat && self._wb_wombat.local_init && self._wb_wombat.local_init(name)) || self[name]; }; if (!self.__WB_pmw) { self.__WB_pmw = function(obj) { this.__WB_source = obj; return this; } } { let window = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("window"); let self = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("self"); let document = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("document"); let location = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("location"); let top = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("top"); let frames = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("frames"); let opener = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("opener"); { const proxiedURL = "https://www.futura-sciences.com/popup/definition/586/"; /** * Return `true` if this frame has no ancestors or its nearest ancestor was * not served through Via. * * The implementation relies on all documents proxied through Via sharing the * same origin. */ function isTopViaFrame() { if (window === window.top) { // Trivial case - This is the top-most frame in the tab so it must be the // top Via frame. return true; } try { // Get a reference to the parent frame. Via's "wombat.js" frontend code // monkey-patches `window.parent` in certain cases, in which case // `window.__WB_orig_parent` is the _real_ parent frame. var parent = window.__WB_orig_parent || window.parent; // Try to access the parent frame's location. This will trigger an // exception if the frame comes from a different, non-Via origin. // // This test assumes that all documents proxied through Via are served from // the same origin. If a future change to Via means that is no longer the // case, this function will need to be implemented differently. parent.location.href; // If the access succeeded, the parent frame was proxied through Via and so // this is not the top Via frame. return false; } catch (err) { // If the access failed, the parent frame was not proxied through Via and // so this is the top Via frame. return true; } } function stripFragmentAndViaParams(url) { const parsed = new URL(url); parsed.hash = ''; // nb. Keys are copied to avoid incorrect result if params are modified // during iteration. for (let key of [...parsed.searchParams.keys()]) { if (key.startsWith('via.')) { parsed.searchParams.delete(key); } } return parsed.toString(); } /** * Test if a link will navigate to a new page as opposed to scrolling to a * different location within the current page. * * The logic a browser uses to decide this is specified in * https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsing-the-web.html#navigate (step 8). * * @param {HTMLAnchorElement} linkEl */ function isExternalLink(linkEl) { // `linkEl.href` is monkey-patched by pywb/Wombat to return the proxied // URL so we need to compare that to the proxied URL of the current page, // rather than `location.href`, which will return the proxy URL. // // `linkEl.href` may contain "via."-prefixed parameters, whereas `proxiedURL` // does not, so we also need to ignore those. const targetURL = stripFragmentAndViaParams(linkEl.href); const currentURL = stripFragmentAndViaParams(proxiedURL); return currentURL !== targetURL; } /** * Setup handling of links to other documents. * * @param {"same-tab"|"new-tab"} mode */ function setupExternalLinkHandler(mode) { if (mode === "new-tab") { document.addEventListener("click", function (event) { const linkEl = event.target.closest("a"); if (linkEl) { if (isExternalLink(linkEl)) { // Make link open in a new tab. linkEl.target = "_blank"; // Prevent any event listeners on the link or its ancestors from // running, in case they try to do a client-side navigation. event.stopPropagation(); } } }, { // Use a capture event so we can intercept clicks before event handlers // from the page's own JS have run. capture: true }); } } /** * Return true if two objects `a` and `b` have the same keys and corresponding values, * ignoring key order. */ function shallowEqual(a, b) { const keysA = Object.keys(a).sort(); const keysB = Object.keys(b).sort(); return keysA.length === keysB.length && keysA.every((k, i) => keysB[i] === k && a[k] === b[k]); } /** * Send metadata about the document (title, URL etc.) to the top frame. * * Via displays proxied HTML content inside an iframe using viahtml. * It listens to these notifications to reflect the metadata of the * proxied document in the top frame (eg. to set the document title). */ function sendDocumentMetadataToParent() { if (window === window.top) { // We're already the top frame. return; } let prevMetadata = {}; const checkMetadata = () => { const currentMetadata = { // Report the URL of the document we are proxying to the Via parent // frame. A limitation of this is that it doesn't reflect any URL // changes made by the web application using the History API. location: proxiedURL, title: document.title, } if (!shallowEqual(prevMetadata, currentMetadata)) { prevMetadata = currentMetadata; window.parent.__WB_pmw(self.window).postMessage({ type: 'metadatachange', metadata: currentMetadata, }, '*'); } }; // Send initial metadata once the document has loaded. window.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', checkMetadata); // Monitor for future changes to metadata elements in `<head>`. const mo = new MutationObserver(checkMetadata); if (document.head) { mo.observe(document.head, { subtree: true, attributes: true, characterData: true }); } } (function () { if (!isTopViaFrame()) { // Do not inject Hypothesis into iframes in documents proxied through Via. // // This would slow down the loading of the proxied page, especially // for pages containing many iframes that are third-party ads or widgets. // Additionally the client requires different configuration in an iframe // eg. to operate in guest-only mode so that it doesn't create // its own sidebar. return; } // Inject the Hypothesis client. Object.defineProperty(window, 'hypothesisConfig', {value: function () { return {"openSidebar": false, "appType": "via", "showHighlights": true}; }}); var embed_script = document.createElement("script"); embed_script.src = "https://cdn.hypothes.is/hypothesis"; document.head.appendChild(embed_script); setupExternalLinkHandler("same-tab"); sendDocumentMetadataToParent(); })(); }} Ordinateur C’est IBM France qui introduit le mot ordinateur dans la langue française en 1955 afin d’éviter de traduire littéralement l’anglais computer jusque-là destiné aux machines scientifiques. Le cas franç… Lire la suite suivra plus simplement.Nao est programmé pour prononcer des phrases telles que « regarde là-bas » ou « participons encore un peu ». Ses mots sont associés à des gestes, identiques à ceux d'un thérapeute humain, comme le fait de pointer du doigt une direction.

avec une structure nommée ARIA (Adaptive Robot-Mediated Intervention Architecture)

peuvent-ils aider le thérapeute dans sa démarche ?

Thérapies par l’électronique

portaient beaucoup d'intérêt aux robots.

ce qui n'est pas toujours une mince affaire

se caractérisent par divers symptômes

Des robots appréciés des enfants autistes

revue Neural Systems and Rehabilitation.

ont amélioré cet humanoïde var _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____ = function(name) {return (self._wb_wombat && self._wb_wombat.local_init && self._wb_wombat.local_init(name)) || self[name]; }; if (!self.__WB_pmw) { self.__WB_pmw = function(obj) { this.__WB_source = obj; return this; } } { let window = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("window"); let self = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("self"); let document = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("document"); let location = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("location"); let top = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("top"); let parent = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("parent"); let frames = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("frames"); let opener = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("opener"); { wbinfo = {}; wbinfo.top_url = "https://viahtml.hypothes.is/proxy/https://www.futura-sciences.com/popup/definition/8427/"; wbinfo.ignore_prefixes = ["https://hypothes.is/", "https://cdn.hypothes.is/", "https://cdnapisec.kaltura.com/", "https://player.vimeo.com/", "https://www.youtube.com/embed/"];wbinfo.url = "https://www.futura-sciences.com/popup/definition/8427/"; wbinfo.timestamp = "20260324143439"; wbinfo.request_ts = ""; wbinfo.prefix = decodeURI("https://viahtml.hypothes.is/proxy/"); wbinfo.mod = ""; wbinfo.is_framed = false; wbinfo.is_live = true; wbinfo.coll = "proxy"; wbinfo.proxy_magic = ""; wbinfo.static_prefix = "https://viahtml.hypothes.is/static/"; wbinfo.enable_auto_fetch = false; wbinfo.target_frame = "___wb_replay_top_frame"; }} var _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____ = function(name) {return (self._wb_wombat && self._wb_wombat.local_init && self._wb_wombat.local_init(name)) || self[name]; }; if (!self.__WB_pmw) { self.__WB_pmw = function(obj) { this.__WB_source = obj; return this; } } { let window = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("window"); let self = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("self"); let document = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("document"); let location = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("location"); let top = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("top"); let parent = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("parent"); let frames = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("frames"); let opener = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("opener"); { wbinfo.wombat_ts = "20260324143439"; wbinfo.wombat_sec = "1774362879"; wbinfo.wombat_scheme = "https"; wbinfo.wombat_host = "www.futura-sciences.com"; wbinfo.wombat_opts = {}; if (window && window._WBWombatInit) { window._WBWombatInit(wbinfo); } }} var _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____ = function(name) {return (self._wb_wombat && self._wb_wombat.local_init && self._wb_wombat.local_init(name)) || self[name]; }; if (!self.__WB_pmw) { self.__WB_pmw = function(obj) { this.__WB_source = obj; return this; } } { let window = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("window"); let self = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("self"); let document = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("document"); let location = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("location"); let top = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("top"); let frames = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("frames"); let opener = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("opener"); { const proxiedURL = "https://www.futura-sciences.com/popup/definition/8427/"; /** * Return `true` if this frame has no ancestors or its nearest ancestor was * not served through Via. * * The implementation relies on all documents proxied through Via sharing the * same origin. */ function isTopViaFrame() { if (window === window.top) { // Trivial case - This is the top-most frame in the tab so it must be the // top Via frame. return true; } try { // Get a reference to the parent frame. Via's "wombat.js" frontend code // monkey-patches `window.parent` in certain cases, in which case // `window.__WB_orig_parent` is the _real_ parent frame. var parent = window.__WB_orig_parent || window.parent; // Try to access the parent frame's location. This will trigger an // exception if the frame comes from a different, non-Via origin. // // This test assumes that all documents proxied through Via are served from // the same origin. If a future change to Via means that is no longer the // case, this function will need to be implemented differently. parent.location.href; // If the access succeeded, the parent frame was proxied through Via and so // this is not the top Via frame. return false; } catch (err) { // If the access failed, the parent frame was not proxied through Via and // so this is the top Via frame. return true; } } function stripFragmentAndViaParams(url) { const parsed = new URL(url); parsed.hash = ''; // nb. Keys are copied to avoid incorrect result if params are modified // during iteration. for (let key of [...parsed.searchParams.keys()]) { if (key.startsWith('via.')) { parsed.searchParams.delete(key); } } return parsed.toString(); } /** * Test if a link will navigate to a new page as opposed to scrolling to a * different location within the current page. * * The logic a browser uses to decide this is specified in * https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsing-the-web.html#navigate (step 8). * * @param {HTMLAnchorElement} linkEl */ function isExternalLink(linkEl) { // `linkEl.href` is monkey-patched by pywb/Wombat to return the proxied // URL so we need to compare that to the proxied URL of the current page, // rather than `location.href`, which will return the proxy URL. // // `linkEl.href` may contain "via."-prefixed parameters, whereas `proxiedURL` // does not, so we also need to ignore those. const targetURL = stripFragmentAndViaParams(linkEl.href); const currentURL = stripFragmentAndViaParams(proxiedURL); return currentURL !== targetURL; } /** * Setup handling of links to other documents. * * @param {"same-tab"|"new-tab"} mode */ function setupExternalLinkHandler(mode) { if (mode === "new-tab") { document.addEventListener("click", function (event) { const linkEl = event.target.closest("a"); if (linkEl) { if (isExternalLink(linkEl)) { // Make link open in a new tab. linkEl.target = "_blank"; // Prevent any event listeners on the link or its ancestors from // running, in case they try to do a client-side navigation. event.stopPropagation(); } } }, { // Use a capture event so we can intercept clicks before event handlers // from the page's own JS have run. capture: true }); } } /** * Return true if two objects `a` and `b` have the same keys and corresponding values, * ignoring key order. */ function shallowEqual(a, b) { const keysA = Object.keys(a).sort(); const keysB = Object.keys(b).sort(); return keysA.length === keysB.length && keysA.every((k, i) => keysB[i] === k && a[k] === b[k]); } /** * Send metadata about the document (title, URL etc.) to the top frame. * * Via displays proxied HTML content inside an iframe using viahtml. * It listens to these notifications to reflect the metadata of the * proxied document in the top frame (eg. to set the document title). */ function sendDocumentMetadataToParent() { if (window === window.top) { // We're already the top frame. return; } let prevMetadata = {}; const checkMetadata = () => { const currentMetadata = { // Report the URL of the document we are proxying to the Via parent // frame. A limitation of this is that it doesn't reflect any URL // changes made by the web application using the History API. location: proxiedURL, title: document.title, } if (!shallowEqual(prevMetadata, currentMetadata)) { prevMetadata = currentMetadata; window.parent.__WB_pmw(self.window).postMessage({ type: 'metadatachange', metadata: currentMetadata, }, '*'); } }; // Send initial metadata once the document has loaded. window.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', checkMetadata); // Monitor for future changes to metadata elements in `<head>`. const mo = new MutationObserver(checkMetadata); if (document.head) { mo.observe(document.head, { subtree: true, attributes: true, characterData: true }); } } (function () { if (!isTopViaFrame()) { // Do not inject Hypothesis into iframes in documents proxied through Via. // // This would slow down the loading of the proxied page, especially // for pages containing many iframes that are third-party ads or widgets. // Additionally the client requires different configuration in an iframe // eg. to operate in guest-only mode so that it doesn't create // its own sidebar. return; } // Inject the Hypothesis client. Object.defineProperty(window, 'hypothesisConfig', {value: function () { return {"openSidebar": false, "appType": "via", "showHighlights": true}; }}); var embed_script = document.createElement("script"); embed_script.src = "https://cdn.hypothes.is/hypothesis"; document.head.appendChild(embed_script); setupExternalLinkHandler("same-tab"); sendDocumentMetadataToParent(); })(); }} Androïde Un androïde est un robot à apparence humaine capable de percevoir son environnement, de prendre des décisions en fonction de ce qu’il perçoit et se mouvoir à la façon d’un être humain. On parle aussi… Lire la suite .

l'université Vanderbilt

C'est en tout cas dans ce but

favoriser le rapport entre l’Homme et la machine

notamment pour aider

pourrait être

Ce petit robot var _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____ = function(name) {return (self._wb_wombat && self._wb_wombat.local_init && self._wb_wombat.local_init(name)) || self[name]; }; if (!self.__WB_pmw) { self.__WB_pmw = function(obj) { this.__WB_source = obj; return this; } } { let window = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("window"); let self = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("self"); let document = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("document"); let location = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("location"); let top = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("top"); let parent = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("parent"); let frames = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("frames"); let opener = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("opener"); { wbinfo = {}; wbinfo.top_url = "https://viahtml.hypothes.is/proxy/https://www.futura-sciences.com/popup/definition/8433/"; wbinfo.ignore_prefixes = ["https://hypothes.is/", "https://cdn.hypothes.is/", "https://cdnapisec.kaltura.com/", "https://player.vimeo.com/", "https://www.youtube.com/embed/"];wbinfo.url = "https://www.futura-sciences.com/popup/definition/8433/"; wbinfo.timestamp = "20260324143404"; wbinfo.request_ts = ""; wbinfo.prefix = decodeURI("https://viahtml.hypothes.is/proxy/"); wbinfo.mod = ""; wbinfo.is_framed = false; wbinfo.is_live = true; wbinfo.coll = "proxy"; wbinfo.proxy_magic = ""; wbinfo.static_prefix = "https://viahtml.hypothes.is/static/"; wbinfo.enable_auto_fetch = false; wbinfo.target_frame = "___wb_replay_top_frame"; }} var _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____ = function(name) {return (self._wb_wombat && self._wb_wombat.local_init && self._wb_wombat.local_init(name)) || self[name]; }; if (!self.__WB_pmw) { self.__WB_pmw = function(obj) { this.__WB_source = obj; return this; } } { let window = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("window"); let self = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("self"); let document = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("document"); let location = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("location"); let top = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("top"); let parent = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("parent"); let frames = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("frames"); let opener = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("opener"); { wbinfo.wombat_ts = "20260324143404"; wbinfo.wombat_sec = "1774362844"; wbinfo.wombat_scheme = "https"; wbinfo.wombat_host = "www.futura-sciences.com"; wbinfo.wombat_opts = {}; if (window && window._WBWombatInit) { window._WBWombatInit(wbinfo); } }} var _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____ = function(name) {return (self._wb_wombat && self._wb_wombat.local_init && self._wb_wombat.local_init(name)) || self[name]; }; if (!self.__WB_pmw) { self.__WB_pmw = function(obj) { this.__WB_source = obj; return this; } } { let window = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("window"); let self = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("self"); let document = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("document"); let location = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("location"); let top = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("top"); let frames = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("frames"); let opener = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("opener"); { const proxiedURL = "https://www.futura-sciences.com/popup/definition/8433/"; /** * Return `true` if this frame has no ancestors or its nearest ancestor was * not served through Via. * * The implementation relies on all documents proxied through Via sharing the * same origin. */ function isTopViaFrame() { if (window === window.top) { // Trivial case - This is the top-most frame in the tab so it must be the // top Via frame. return true; } try { // Get a reference to the parent frame. Via's "wombat.js" frontend code // monkey-patches `window.parent` in certain cases, in which case // `window.__WB_orig_parent` is the _real_ parent frame. var parent = window.__WB_orig_parent || window.parent; // Try to access the parent frame's location. This will trigger an // exception if the frame comes from a different, non-Via origin. // // This test assumes that all documents proxied through Via are served from // the same origin. If a future change to Via means that is no longer the // case, this function will need to be implemented differently. parent.location.href; // If the access succeeded, the parent frame was proxied through Via and so // this is not the top Via frame. return false; } catch (err) { // If the access failed, the parent frame was not proxied through Via and // so this is the top Via frame. return true; } } function stripFragmentAndViaParams(url) { const parsed = new URL(url); parsed.hash = ''; // nb. Keys are copied to avoid incorrect result if params are modified // during iteration. for (let key of [...parsed.searchParams.keys()]) { if (key.startsWith('via.')) { parsed.searchParams.delete(key); } } return parsed.toString(); } /** * Test if a link will navigate to a new page as opposed to scrolling to a * different location within the current page. * * The logic a browser uses to decide this is specified in * https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsing-the-web.html#navigate (step 8). * * @param {HTMLAnchorElement} linkEl */ function isExternalLink(linkEl) { // `linkEl.href` is monkey-patched by pywb/Wombat to return the proxied // URL so we need to compare that to the proxied URL of the current page, // rather than `location.href`, which will return the proxy URL. // // `linkEl.href` may contain "via."-prefixed parameters, whereas `proxiedURL` // does not, so we also need to ignore those. const targetURL = stripFragmentAndViaParams(linkEl.href); const currentURL = stripFragmentAndViaParams(proxiedURL); return currentURL !== targetURL; } /** * Setup handling of links to other documents. * * @param {"same-tab"|"new-tab"} mode */ function setupExternalLinkHandler(mode) { if (mode === "new-tab") { document.addEventListener("click", function (event) { const linkEl = event.target.closest("a"); if (linkEl) { if (isExternalLink(linkEl)) { // Make link open in a new tab. linkEl.target = "_blank"; // Prevent any event listeners on the link or its ancestors from // running, in case they try to do a client-side navigation. event.stopPropagation(); } } }, { // Use a capture event so we can intercept clicks before event handlers // from the page's own JS have run. capture: true }); } } /** * Return true if two objects `a` and `b` have the same keys and corresponding values, * ignoring key order. */ function shallowEqual(a, b) { const keysA = Object.keys(a).sort(); const keysB = Object.keys(b).sort(); return keysA.length === keysB.length && keysA.every((k, i) => keysB[i] === k && a[k] === b[k]); } /** * Send metadata about the document (title, URL etc.) to the top frame. * * Via displays proxied HTML content inside an iframe using viahtml. * It listens to these notifications to reflect the metadata of the * proxied document in the top frame (eg. to set the document title). */ function sendDocumentMetadataToParent() { if (window === window.top) { // We're already the top frame. return; } let prevMetadata = {}; const checkMetadata = () => { const currentMetadata = { // Report the URL of the document we are proxying to the Via parent // frame. A limitation of this is that it doesn't reflect any URL // changes made by the web application using the History API. location: proxiedURL, title: document.title, } if (!shallowEqual(prevMetadata, currentMetadata)) { prevMetadata = currentMetadata; window.parent.__WB_pmw(self.window).postMessage({ type: 'metadatachange', metadata: currentMetadata, }, '*'); } }; // Send initial metadata once the document has loaded. window.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', checkMetadata); // Monitor for future changes to metadata elements in `<head>`. const mo = new MutationObserver(checkMetadata); if (document.head) { mo.observe(document.head, { subtree: true, attributes: true, characterData: true }); } } (function () { if (!isTopViaFrame()) { // Do not inject Hypothesis into iframes in documents proxied through Via. // // This would slow down the loading of the proxied page, especially // for pages containing many iframes that are third-party ads or widgets. // Additionally the client requires different configuration in an iframe // eg. to operate in guest-only mode so that it doesn't create // its own sidebar. return; } // Inject the Hypothesis client. Object.defineProperty(window, 'hypothesisConfig', {value: function () { return {"openSidebar": false, "appType": "via", "showHighlights": true}; }}); var embed_script = document.createElement("script"); embed_script.src = "https://cdn.hypothes.is/hypothesis"; document.head.appendChild(embed_script); setupExternalLinkHandler("same-tab"); sendDocumentMetadataToParent(); })(); }} Robot Le robot est une machine alliant électronique, informatique et mécanique. Elle conçoit mécaniquement des tâches. Il a donné naissance à la robotique. Le mot apparaît pour la première fois dans une pi… Lire la suite de 58 centimètres de haut est équipé de deux caméras, de quatre micros ou encore de capteurs var _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____ = function(name) {return (self._wb_wombat && self._wb_wombat.local_init && self._wb_wombat.local_init(name)) || self[name]; }; if (!self.__WB_pmw) { self.__WB_pmw = function(obj) { this.__WB_source = obj; return this; } } { let window = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("window"); let self = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("self"); let document = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("document"); let location = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("location"); let top = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("top"); let parent = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("parent"); let frames = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("frames"); let opener = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("opener"); { wbinfo = {}; wbinfo.top_url = "https://viahtml.hypothes.is/proxy/https://www.futura-sciences.com/popup/definition/8460/"; wbinfo.ignore_prefixes = ["https://hypothes.is/", "https://cdn.hypothes.is/", "https://cdnapisec.kaltura.com/", "https://player.vimeo.com/", "https://www.youtube.com/embed/"];wbinfo.url = "https://www.futura-sciences.com/popup/definition/8460/"; wbinfo.timestamp = "20260324143351"; wbinfo.request_ts = ""; wbinfo.prefix = decodeURI("https://viahtml.hypothes.is/proxy/"); wbinfo.mod = ""; wbinfo.is_framed = false; wbinfo.is_live = true; wbinfo.coll = "proxy"; wbinfo.proxy_magic = ""; wbinfo.static_prefix = "https://viahtml.hypothes.is/static/"; wbinfo.enable_auto_fetch = false; wbinfo.target_frame = "___wb_replay_top_frame"; }} var _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____ = function(name) {return (self._wb_wombat && self._wb_wombat.local_init && self._wb_wombat.local_init(name)) || self[name]; }; if (!self.__WB_pmw) { self.__WB_pmw = function(obj) { this.__WB_source = obj; return this; } } { let window = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("window"); let self = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("self"); let document = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("document"); let location = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("location"); let top = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("top"); let parent = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("parent"); let frames = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("frames"); let opener = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("opener"); { wbinfo.wombat_ts = "20260324143351"; wbinfo.wombat_sec = "1774362831"; wbinfo.wombat_scheme = "https"; wbinfo.wombat_host = "www.futura-sciences.com"; wbinfo.wombat_opts = {}; if (window && window._WBWombatInit) { window._WBWombatInit(wbinfo); } }} var _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____ = function(name) {return (self._wb_wombat && self._wb_wombat.local_init && self._wb_wombat.local_init(name)) || self[name]; }; if (!self.__WB_pmw) { self.__WB_pmw = function(obj) { this.__WB_source = obj; return this; } } { let window = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("window"); let self = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("self"); let document = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("document"); let location = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("location"); let top = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("top"); let frames = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("frames"); let opener = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("opener"); { const proxiedURL = "https://www.futura-sciences.com/popup/definition/8460/"; /** * Return `true` if this frame has no ancestors or its nearest ancestor was * not served through Via. * * The implementation relies on all documents proxied through Via sharing the * same origin. */ function isTopViaFrame() { if (window === window.top) { // Trivial case - This is the top-most frame in the tab so it must be the // top Via frame. return true; } try { // Get a reference to the parent frame. Via's "wombat.js" frontend code // monkey-patches `window.parent` in certain cases, in which case // `window.__WB_orig_parent` is the _real_ parent frame. var parent = window.__WB_orig_parent || window.parent; // Try to access the parent frame's location. This will trigger an // exception if the frame comes from a different, non-Via origin. // // This test assumes that all documents proxied through Via are served from // the same origin. If a future change to Via means that is no longer the // case, this function will need to be implemented differently. parent.location.href; // If the access succeeded, the parent frame was proxied through Via and so // this is not the top Via frame. return false; } catch (err) { // If the access failed, the parent frame was not proxied through Via and // so this is the top Via frame. return true; } } function stripFragmentAndViaParams(url) { const parsed = new URL(url); parsed.hash = ''; // nb. Keys are copied to avoid incorrect result if params are modified // during iteration. for (let key of [...parsed.searchParams.keys()]) { if (key.startsWith('via.')) { parsed.searchParams.delete(key); } } return parsed.toString(); } /** * Test if a link will navigate to a new page as opposed to scrolling to a * different location within the current page. * * The logic a browser uses to decide this is specified in * https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsing-the-web.html#navigate (step 8). * * @param {HTMLAnchorElement} linkEl */ function isExternalLink(linkEl) { // `linkEl.href` is monkey-patched by pywb/Wombat to return the proxied // URL so we need to compare that to the proxied URL of the current page, // rather than `location.href`, which will return the proxy URL. // // `linkEl.href` may contain "via."-prefixed parameters, whereas `proxiedURL` // does not, so we also need to ignore those. const targetURL = stripFragmentAndViaParams(linkEl.href); const currentURL = stripFragmentAndViaParams(proxiedURL); return currentURL !== targetURL; } /** * Setup handling of links to other documents. * * @param {"same-tab"|"new-tab"} mode */ function setupExternalLinkHandler(mode) { if (mode === "new-tab") { document.addEventListener("click", function (event) { const linkEl = event.target.closest("a"); if (linkEl) { if (isExternalLink(linkEl)) { // Make link open in a new tab. linkEl.target = "_blank"; // Prevent any event listeners on the link or its ancestors from // running, in case they try to do a client-side navigation. event.stopPropagation(); } } }, { // Use a capture event so we can intercept clicks before event handlers // from the page's own JS have run. capture: true }); } } /** * Return true if two objects `a` and `b` have the same keys and corresponding values, * ignoring key order. */ function shallowEqual(a, b) { const keysA = Object.keys(a).sort(); const keysB = Object.keys(b).sort(); return keysA.length === keysB.length && keysA.every((k, i) => keysB[i] === k && a[k] === b[k]); } /** * Send metadata about the document (title, URL etc.) to the top frame. * * Via displays proxied HTML content inside an iframe using viahtml. * It listens to these notifications to reflect the metadata of the * proxied document in the top frame (eg. to set the document title). */ function sendDocumentMetadataToParent() { if (window === window.top) { // We're already the top frame. return; } let prevMetadata = {}; const checkMetadata = () => { const currentMetadata = { // Report the URL of the document we are proxying to the Via parent // frame. A limitation of this is that it doesn't reflect any URL // changes made by the web application using the History API. location: proxiedURL, title: document.title, } if (!shallowEqual(prevMetadata, currentMetadata)) { prevMetadata = currentMetadata; window.parent.__WB_pmw(self.window).postMessage({ type: 'metadatachange', metadata: currentMetadata, }, '*'); } }; // Send initial metadata once the document has loaded. window.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', checkMetadata); // Monitor for future changes to metadata elements in `<head>`. const mo = new MutationObserver(checkMetadata); if (document.head) { mo.observe(document.head, { subtree: true, attributes: true, characterData: true }); } } (function () { if (!isTopViaFrame()) { // Do not inject Hypothesis into iframes in documents proxied through Via. // // This would slow down the loading of the proxied page, especially // for pages containing many iframes that are third-party ads or widgets. // Additionally the client requires different configuration in an iframe // eg. to operate in guest-only mode so that it doesn't create // its own sidebar. return; } // Inject the Hypothesis client. Object.defineProperty(window, 'hypothesisConfig', {value: function () { return {"openSidebar": false, "appType": "via", "showHighlights": true}; }}); var embed_script = document.createElement("script"); embed_script.src = "https://cdn.hypothes.is/hypothesis"; document.head.appendChild(embed_script); setupExternalLinkHandler("same-tab"); sendDocumentMetadataToParent(); })(); }} Senseur Principes fonctionnels des senseurs Les senseurs jouent un rôle crucial dans la conversion de divers types de phénomènes physiques en signaux mesurables, exploitable par des instruments électroniques… Lire la suite tactiles ou sensibles à la pression var _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____ = function(name) {return (self._wb_wombat && self._wb_wombat.local_init && self._wb_wombat.local_init(name)) || self[name]; }; if (!self.__WB_pmw) { self.__WB_pmw = function(obj) { this.__WB_source = obj; return this; } } { let window = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("window"); let self = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("self"); let document = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("document"); let location = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("location"); let top = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("top"); let parent = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("parent"); let frames = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("frames"); let opener = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("opener"); { wbinfo = {}; wbinfo.top_url = "https://viahtml.hypothes.is/proxy/https://www.futura-sciences.com/popup/definition/17466/"; wbinfo.ignore_prefixes = ["https://hypothes.is/", "https://cdn.hypothes.is/", "https://cdnapisec.kaltura.com/", "https://player.vimeo.com/", "https://www.youtube.com/embed/"];wbinfo.url = "https://www.futura-sciences.com/popup/definition/17466/"; wbinfo.timestamp = "20260324143414"; wbinfo.request_ts = ""; wbinfo.prefix = decodeURI("https://viahtml.hypothes.is/proxy/"); wbinfo.mod = ""; wbinfo.is_framed = false; wbinfo.is_live = true; wbinfo.coll = "proxy"; wbinfo.proxy_magic = ""; wbinfo.static_prefix = "https://viahtml.hypothes.is/static/"; wbinfo.enable_auto_fetch = false; wbinfo.target_frame = "___wb_replay_top_frame"; }} var _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____ = function(name) {return (self._wb_wombat && self._wb_wombat.local_init && self._wb_wombat.local_init(name)) || self[name]; }; if (!self.__WB_pmw) { self.__WB_pmw = function(obj) { this.__WB_source = obj; return this; } } { let window = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("window"); let self = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("self"); let document = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("document"); let location = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("location"); let top = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("top"); let parent = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("parent"); let frames = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("frames"); let opener = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("opener"); { wbinfo.wombat_ts = "20260324143414"; wbinfo.wombat_sec = "1774362854"; wbinfo.wombat_scheme = "https"; wbinfo.wombat_host = "www.futura-sciences.com"; wbinfo.wombat_opts = {}; if (window && window._WBWombatInit) { window._WBWombatInit(wbinfo); } }} var _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____ = function(name) {return (self._wb_wombat && self._wb_wombat.local_init && self._wb_wombat.local_init(name)) || self[name]; }; if (!self.__WB_pmw) { self.__WB_pmw = function(obj) { this.__WB_source = obj; return this; } } { let window = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("window"); let self = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("self"); let document = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("document"); let location = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("location"); let top = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("top"); let frames = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("frames"); let opener = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("opener"); { const proxiedURL = "https://www.futura-sciences.com/popup/definition/17466/"; /** * Return `true` if this frame has no ancestors or its nearest ancestor was * not served through Via. * * The implementation relies on all documents proxied through Via sharing the * same origin. */ function isTopViaFrame() { if (window === window.top) { // Trivial case - This is the top-most frame in the tab so it must be the // top Via frame. return true; } try { // Get a reference to the parent frame. Via's "wombat.js" frontend code // monkey-patches `window.parent` in certain cases, in which case // `window.__WB_orig_parent` is the _real_ parent frame. var parent = window.__WB_orig_parent || window.parent; // Try to access the parent frame's location. This will trigger an // exception if the frame comes from a different, non-Via origin. // // This test assumes that all documents proxied through Via are served from // the same origin. If a future change to Via means that is no longer the // case, this function will need to be implemented differently. parent.location.href; // If the access succeeded, the parent frame was proxied through Via and so // this is not the top Via frame. return false; } catch (err) { // If the access failed, the parent frame was not proxied through Via and // so this is the top Via frame. return true; } } function stripFragmentAndViaParams(url) { const parsed = new URL(url); parsed.hash = ''; // nb. Keys are copied to avoid incorrect result if params are modified // during iteration. for (let key of [...parsed.searchParams.keys()]) { if (key.startsWith('via.')) { parsed.searchParams.delete(key); } } return parsed.toString(); } /** * Test if a link will navigate to a new page as opposed to scrolling to a * different location within the current page. * * The logic a browser uses to decide this is specified in * https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsing-the-web.html#navigate (step 8). * * @param {HTMLAnchorElement} linkEl */ function isExternalLink(linkEl) { // `linkEl.href` is monkey-patched by pywb/Wombat to return the proxied // URL so we need to compare that to the proxied URL of the current page, // rather than `location.href`, which will return the proxy URL. // // `linkEl.href` may contain "via."-prefixed parameters, whereas `proxiedURL` // does not, so we also need to ignore those. const targetURL = stripFragmentAndViaParams(linkEl.href); const currentURL = stripFragmentAndViaParams(proxiedURL); return currentURL !== targetURL; } /** * Setup handling of links to other documents. * * @param {"same-tab"|"new-tab"} mode */ function setupExternalLinkHandler(mode) { if (mode === "new-tab") { document.addEventListener("click", function (event) { const linkEl = event.target.closest("a"); if (linkEl) { if (isExternalLink(linkEl)) { // Make link open in a new tab. linkEl.target = "_blank"; // Prevent any event listeners on the link or its ancestors from // running, in case they try to do a client-side navigation. event.stopPropagation(); } } }, { // Use a capture event so we can intercept clicks before event handlers // from the page's own JS have run. capture: true }); } } /** * Return true if two objects `a` and `b` have the same keys and corresponding values, * ignoring key order. */ function shallowEqual(a, b) { const keysA = Object.keys(a).sort(); const keysB = Object.keys(b).sort(); return keysA.length === keysB.length && keysA.every((k, i) => keysB[i] === k && a[k] === b[k]); } /** * Send metadata about the document (title, URL etc.) to the top frame. * * Via displays proxied HTML content inside an iframe using viahtml. * It listens to these notifications to reflect the metadata of the * proxied document in the top frame (eg. to set the document title). */ function sendDocumentMetadataToParent() { if (window === window.top) { // We're already the top frame. return; } let prevMetadata = {}; const checkMetadata = () => { const currentMetadata = { // Report the URL of the document we are proxying to the Via parent // frame. A limitation of this is that it doesn't reflect any URL // changes made by the web application using the History API. location: proxiedURL, title: document.title, } if (!shallowEqual(prevMetadata, currentMetadata)) { prevMetadata = currentMetadata; window.parent.__WB_pmw(self.window).postMessage({ type: 'metadatachange', metadata: currentMetadata, }, '*'); } }; // Send initial metadata once the document has loaded. window.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', checkMetadata); // Monitor for future changes to metadata elements in `<head>`. const mo = new MutationObserver(checkMetadata); if (document.head) { mo.observe(document.head, { subtree: true, attributes: true, characterData: true }); } } (function () { if (!isTopViaFrame()) { // Do not inject Hypothesis into iframes in documents proxied through Via. // // This would slow down the loading of the proxied page, especially // for pages containing many iframes that are third-party ads or widgets. // Additionally the client requires different configuration in an iframe // eg. to operate in guest-only mode so that it doesn't create // its own sidebar. return; } // Inject the Hypothesis client. Object.defineProperty(window, 'hypothesisConfig', {value: function () { return {"openSidebar": false, "appType": "via", "showHighlights": true}; }}); var embed_script = document.createElement("script"); embed_script.src = "https://cdn.hypothes.is/hypothesis"; document.head.appendChild(embed_script); setupExternalLinkHandler("same-tab"); sendDocumentMetadataToParent(); })(); }} Pression Pour le physicien, le terme pression renvoie à une force — qui se mesure en newton (N) — exercée sur une surface donnée — mesurée en mètres carrés (m2). Dans le système international et depuis 1971, … Lire la suite .

son bébé, nommé Nao

qui mettait à l'honneur les machines qui feront peut-être notre quotidien dans un avenir pas si lointain.

L'heure est à la robotique

comme le déficit de l’attention conjointe.

ne peut remplacer un thérapeute

chercheurs américains, ces derniers prouvent

avec succès

janvier 2005 et mars 2006

Désormais, les scientifiques envisagent de développer de nouveaux robots afin d'apporter des solutions nouvelles à d'autres symptômes de l'autisme, ayant des rapports avec l'apprentissage, le jeu ou le partage.

Ainsi, les auteurs ont montré que Nao pouvait de ce fait participer aux thérapies visant à améliorer le déficit d'attention conjointe constaté chez les enfants atteints de troubles du spectre autistique. En revanche, il n'est absolument pas question de remplacer les thérapeutes humains, qui adaptent bien mieux leur comportement au cas qu'ils ont face à eux que la machine.

En revanche, les deux lots manifestaient autant d'intérêt au robot.