Paraffin embedded pancreatic sections from female cadaveric donors including non-diabetic controls and type 2 diabetes patients were obtained from the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation (JDRF)-sponsored Network for Pancreatic Organ Donors with Diabetes (nPOD) program (http://www.jdrfnpod.org/for-investigators/online-pathology-information/). Insulin positive (Ins+) β-cells were used for staining and quantification.