apart from the impact these cruel practices have on human beings and their morality, such acts are inherently wrong and evil, since they cause unnecessary harm and pain to sentient beings who, although not rational, have the capacity to feel pleasure and pain

violent and cruel treatment of animals is much more intimately opposed to man's duty to himself, because it dulls man's compassion for their suffering, thus weakening and gradually destroying a natural predisposition very useful to morality in relation to other men" (53)