The idea of simulation recalls the question of embodiment.

Allagmatic – The Greek word allagma can mean change or vicissitude, but it can also mean that which can be given or taken in exchange, which more genuinely captures the idea of energy exchange in Simondon’s usage.

Simondon will also define the allagmatic as “the theory of operations” (IGB, 263), complementary to the theory of structures that the sciences elaborate. On the same page, Simondon will define an operation as “a conversion of a structure into another structure.”

from fractalontology.wordpress.com

How do we begin to write for this new audience?

Is this protocol an audience?

How do we classify what sorts our data? Do they technically mediate information for an audience?

I had never thought of this. What would Plato think of this? The digital allows us to record thoughts and words for a very large audience, but can our work adapt to future audiences?

I'm having flashbacks to Hunter's article

I'm interested to see how they develop this. I'm having a hard time relating to technology in the way that the writers are.

Are machines "beings?"

Can we argue that machines are rhetors if they are created and mediated by humans?

having or showing knowledge of events before they take place.

the highest point in the development of something; culmination or climax

Is this the "hyper real?" What happens in games and simulations isn't real, but what happened was caused by a human... Ahh, the confusion.

The idea of ontology and simulation draw close a dichotomy of the "real" and the "simulation." This brings up interesting questions about the human experience of digital simulations and the "realness" of experience. How does this apply to embodiment or emergence?

amamnesis: a recalling to mind

hypomnesis: hypomnesia, hypomnesis, hypomnestic 1. A condition of having a weakened memory. 2. Abnormally poor memory of the past.

evidence which is sufficiently useful to prove something important in a trial

This seems to be a thesis statement.

corrupt or tear down

"Language is the house of being" also sort of recalls the idea of language as a spore or germ, in the sense that its presence is a necessary catalytic agent. Without language as a medium, the idea of transmission is halted.

Does or can any theory of being exist outside of its historical underpinnings?

I am reminded of the fundamental ambivalence that Derrida argues in his consideration that the words have multiple meanings depending on the intention of the speaker/writer.

This is more along the lines of how I regard changes in television. They are innate features, rather than characteristics of a phase.

30 years will most certainly be a blip as television evolves, so I do not think it is valid to say that this period of time illustrates tv as a stable medium.

How have the standards for acceptable uses of television changed/evolved since we are now able to view things from essentially anywhere?

Interessante

G.Nelson

In her article, “Government Budgets as the Hunger Games: The Brutal Competition for State and Local Government Resources Given Municipal Securities Debt, Pension and OBEP Obligations, and Taxpayer Needs,” Professor Christine Chung provides an eye opening and thorough analysis of Detroit’s economic woes. She summarizes the latest statistical findings, which illustrates the severe loss in residents, property blight, crime rates, the maximum statutory limit of taxation reached, citizen flight, and the loss of jobs. Moreover, she illustrates the budgetary debt constraints that have ballooned to more than $18 billion, which helped prompt Detroit to file for bankruptcy; the debt to revenue ratio will only increase over the next few years; bondholders are expected to lose a substantial amount of their investment from the bankruptcy. Chung illustrates that the City’s collapse preceded by an incremental decrease in jobs. From 1970 to 2012 the number of jobs declined from 735,104 to 346,545 (Chung 666).

She illustrates that Detroit is not an exceptional case, but there are numerous municipalities that are struggling to pay debt and other obligations, e.g. pensions. Currently, out of the participating states and localities, only $2.35 trillion has been set aside to pay pensions, health care, and OPEB promised to public sector employees; however, the actual estimated cost is around $3.5 trillion: more than $1 trillion in unfunded obligations (Chung 669).

Because of Detroit’s financial instruments used to manage their budgetary obligations, they took a high stake wager on interest rates, and when the rates declined, “Detroit lost catastrophically on the swaps bet” (Chung 670). Some municipalities have used derivatives to win, but others, e.g. Orange County, California and Jefferson County, Alabama, have lost or struggled with the financial instruments.

Chung posits that the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act does not go far enough to protect stakeholders or prevent from imprudent financial-decisions-makers from erring in how they utilize risky financial instruments. She finalizes her article with the following regulatory recommendations, which should provide a clearer picture of a City’s budget, obligations and revenues: "(i) requiring compliance with uniform accounting standards, so that stakeholders can get a better sense of the state of state and local government budgets; (ii) creating a data collection resource and oversight body to help identify and manage risks associated with complex instruments, (iii) creating a data collection resources and oversight body to help identify and management risks associated with public employee compensation (particularly pensions and OPEB), and (iv) expanding the reach of the fiduciary standard to a broader range of stakeholders involved in local government financial decision-making, including public officials, underwriters, and derivatives counterparties.” (Chung 671)

Honest politicians, clear and transparent accounting, and realistic demands on the City’s and State’s resources are needed, even at the cost of upsetting some constituents. A norm can be redeveloped that can help Cities create stability and longevity.

G.Nelson

Grimmelmann, James. "The Virtues of Moderation." April 1, 2015. SSRN http://ssrn.com/abstract=2588493 keywords: moderation, online communities, semicommons, peer production, Wikipedia, MetaFilter, Reddit 17 Yale J.L. & Tech. 42 (2015) U of Maryland Legal Studies Research Paper No. 2015-8