Only a participatory democracy involving our people in the structures of decision making at all levels of society can ensure that this is corrected.
implying that in order to have stability and wealth, the oppresed must collaborate and stop being treated inferior
created mass unemployment and led to spiralling inflation that has undermined the standards of living of the majority of our people, both black and white.
apartheid affects everyone, and the world is missing out of so much economical advances due to a closed and incorrect mentality
Our people need proper housing, not ghettos like Soweto. Workers need a living wage - and the right to join unions of their own choice and to participate in determining policies that affect their lives.
Mandela shows the inhumanity that black people are living. He politly shows his claims that black people should be treated equally and live correctly, and not just all together in a four wall stucture
It is the labour of black workers that has built the cities, roads and factories we see
Mandela is implying that there is an amazing potential in darked skin people, but due to the apartheid and racism the world is missing out in advances
oppressed black people are condemned to poverty
diction to show the vulnerability of the people
monopolises
formal language/economical terms
We believe that
the common opinion, the popular voice is that...
sparked off
diction
where policemen are acting with restraint and fulfilling the real role of protecting all our people irrespective of their race.
mentionces the mission of the police, making thereself ask; am I accomplishing this?
We note
''the peoples notices..'' --> peer pressure tecnique
We call on the police to abandon apartheid and to serve the interests of the people
respectfully, Mandela expresses his anger agains the authority and tells them to stop
I understand that implementing apartheid laws has made it extremely difficult for many honest policemen to fulfill their role as servants of the public
the use of ''honest'' makes the public insuinate ''correct'', and that due to the racism going on they are doing things they do not want
I am also concerned by the ongoing violence perpetrated by certain sections of the security forces against our peaceful marches and demonstrations.
shows there is violence where there shouldn't be
Let us build on the proud tradition of unity in action as embodied in the Xuma-Naicker-Dadoo Pact which was fully endorsed by our great hero Chief Lutuli .
by uniting, it is able to end this injustice --> Mandela is mentioning previous leaders that have been able to end such inhumanity by unity
mindless violence.
diction
I call on the leadership of the UDF, COSATU and Inkatha to take decisive steps to revive the peace initiative and end the scourge on our proud history.
By mentioning the organizations above, Mandela puts them on the spot. Yet, he says that by taking iniciative they will be recognized by history as the winners
In particular I call on our people in Natal to unite against the perpetrators of violence.
union as a vehicle of protest and fighting
Our victories must be celebrated in peace and joy.
After the stuggle of racism and lack of rights; Mandela is implying that they will win this fight, but it must be celebrated by enjoying humanity and enjoying their rights. Their must not be any conflict from the audience part.
our just struggle for freedom deserves
imperative tone
I fully support the call made by our people
supporting each other and evoking trust by saying ''our people''
I call in the strongest possible way
with respect, he implies he is in a cry for help for justice
us
inclusive pronoun to let the audience know he is the voice for the voiceless
Sadness to learn that you are still suffering under an inhuman system.
repetition to emphasis what was mentioned and give reference to his feelings. ''inhumane system'' shows strong diction of dehumanization
This is achieved by politically organising our people not through the use of violence against our people.
violence is not the key to success, but according to Mandela it is getting together as a group
who use violence against our people.
repetition of our people to show that this is something that afffects all and that they are all a group
partheid continues
apartheid is the problem
As I said when I stood in the dock at the Rivonia Trial 27 years ago and as I said on the day of my release in Cape Town,
Mandela sticks to what he says and uses past dates and moments to refer to them. Shows confidence and security in himself and knows what is happening and why it is happening
I call on the government to build more schools, to train and e.mploy more teachers and to abandon its policy of forcing our children out of the school system by use of various measures such as the age restrictions and their refusal to admit those who fail their classes
shows that Mandela is aware of the current situation and has a solution to the conflict
We must continue our struggle for People's Education
persuasion: as a whole it is our responsability to fight for peoples right of learning no matter their skin tone --> in other words
build
diction of work for it ''we will work for it''
all our people, students, parents, teachers, workers and all other organised sectors of our community
assindeton; use of various commas to prove a point of how important education is
Apartheid education is inferior and a crime against humanity.
short and strong sentence with use of diction: crime against humanity --> shows all the hate there is for the black race and their inferiority is terrible. hummanity is also a gernality for the whole world, grouping everyone.
our people
a group of force looking for justice
black schools
school where dark colored go// could have double connotation: black school for color skin and black school since there is nothing taught (there is black learning/null learning)
I salute the anti-crime Campaigns conducted by our organisations.
giving credit and showing respect to the ani-crime campaigns. This evokes a sense of trust since he has mentioned that this is not enough, but he is still recognizing them and thanking them for there help
It is through the creation of democratic and accountable structures that we can achieve this.
re-mentioning his point (mentioned in previous paragraph). Mandela shows a persuastion of what the solution should be to solve all the problems that revolve, and that is why there is a repetition of democtratic
urgency
diction in order to show how much of a problem it is. urgency means as fast as possible because there will be a worst outcome
active suppor
making clear that the support is present, still going on, and non stop
democratic systems
diction: usage of govermental languaje which shows that Mandela is aware
At the same time I also return with a deep sense of sadness
antisestis/contradiction of previous statment yet they go by hand
fills my heart with joy
metaphor use to show how happy he is to be giving the speech
I salute the courage and the heroism
diction in order to demonstrate and emphasis strong words and motivate the audience; making the audience feel good about themselves and winning the fight
I
first person recognizition to emphasis gratefullness to the rest
You are an indispensabl
breaks fourth wall and speaks directly to audience
would not be where it is without your organised strength.
recognizes others
Our
in order to demontraste that it a fight that they are fighting together, it uses our to evoke trustiness (ethos) and group Mandela with the rest
the working class of our country
humble tone, does not expose himself as more than others
I salute
repetition of ''I salute'' again to show respect to others
Our alliance is built on the unshakable foundation of our united struggle for a non-racial democracy.
antitesis, in order to evoke the sense that nothing will break the people and will always be united
I
anafora, repetion every new paragraph to make the audience remember he takes the lead and is refering to himselve
sacrificed all for the love of their country and their people.
evoking trust through people, this tecnique allows Mandela to recognize others as important, making people belive that he does not seek for attention nor gives himselve any special recognition, making people feel more attracted to his speech
I
repetition of I everytime a new paragraph starts. Mandela does this to speak as the voice of the ''people''
our people to establish justice and freedom for all in our country.
ethos as a way to establish trust; using our people, our country generates a sense of trust
I
first person to add importance to the topic and evoke a sense that as well as Mandela, the one reading the speech, is in the same boat with the people
Comrades, friends and the people of Soweto at large
evokes a sense of trust and friendship due to the generalizacion of comrades, friends refering to the people together
At least Emperor Nero supposedly only fiddled while Rome burned; he didn’t tell the Romans that the fire was no big deal.
irony
Trump Uses Kids Sold Into Sex Slavery to Score Political Points
central idea of the op-ed: judge trump and use arguments to convince that he does use kids into sex slavery to score political points
“The president’s sensationalization of sex trafficking is a spit in the face to myself and many survivors, as his narrative does not fit ours. It is his own.”
ends with a surviver quotes in which Blount says that the president has disrespected the victims and that he only uses this issue as a selfish prupose, but does not do anything ir order to help
“This is an issue that doesn’t need overdramatizing,” said Lloyd, who was nearly killed by her pimp. “It’s bad enough. You don’t need to make it worse.”
ethos and pathos, story from surviver that causes empathy in the reader. Trump actions are critizied by victim
survivors are irritated that Trump cites trafficking as a reason to build his border wall.
trafficking is an issue to stop and face it, not to ignore it by building a wall, yet this sentence shows trumps mentality and pov of this issue
It’s useful for a president to speak up about trafficking, to keep the issue on the agenda. But Trump sensationalizes in lurid terms:
what a president SHOULD do vs what trump does
Democrats and Republicans
''two teams'' with a common goal?
In Cambodia, I once saw terrified young girls being sold for their virginity; in Pakistan, I saw a brothel owner determined to kill a girl who had escaped.
pathos
estimates that worldwide, some 10 million children exist in forms of modern slavery.
logos
$10,000 donation from Ivanka Trump for GEMS.
facts
The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine last year offered an important road map to cut American child poverty by half — a step that would reduce trafficking — but the administration has ignored it.
facts that contribute to the title
only 500 T visas, down from 748 in 2016, and wait times are now three or four times longer.
comparing trump and obamas administation. By using data, it shows how Trump has diminished the amount of T visas in contrast to the previous presidency.
The Human Trafficking Legal Center reports only 146 federal trafficking indictments in 2019, down from 204 in the last year of the Obama administration.
comparing Trump and Obrama's administation about human trafficking
The Human Trafficking Legal Center reports only 146 federal trafficking indictments in 2019, down from 204 in the last year of the Obama administration.
logos
“It is a Trump administration invention.”
ironic tone since invention is usually portrayed as a possitive innovation.
Over the last three years we have watched with horror as the administration has dismantled protections for trafficking survivors,” said Martina Vandenberg, the president of the Human Trafficking Legal Center in Washington, who stayed away.
important figure of the cabinet and powerful figure opinion to impose a more negative view on the president about human trafficking
Yet it’s increasingly clear that this is less about protecting children and more about exalting Trump, whose administration is actually prosecuting fewer traffickers and making it harder for some trafficking survivors to get help. As a result, major antitrafficking organizations boycotted the White House session.
Author claims Trump is actually is not actually focusing in the problem (just talking about it) and is rather worried on his political image
I’ve
first person + ethos
monsters,
adjectives trump uses to describe traffickers
Ivanka Trump embracing Bella Hounakey, a survivor of human trafficking, at an event with President Trump last month about trafficking.
in the image Trump face is serious and ''disgusted''..?
Few people on earth are so exploited as children trafficked into the sex trade. And now they are being exploited again, by President Trump.
op-ed starts with a point of view against Trump and directly attacking and affirming that children are being exploited by the president
“Using human trafficking for pernicious political purposes is … a Trump administration invention.”
sarcasm to show Trump is a selfish
pernicious
word use
Trump Uses Kids Sold Into Sex Slavery to Score Political Points
author hate for trump is seen starting from the title since he is affirming a way that the former US presidents score political points
Trump Uses Kids Sold Into Sex Slavery to Score Political Points
catchy title
Let’s roll.
coloquial language
Enough with your fiddling, Mr. President.
status speaking.
six million American schoolchildre
logos
1918 Spanish flu
connection to another op-ed written by Nicholas Kristof - 'Is this Coronavirus ''the Big One?''
12 million N95 masks
logos
no one needs to pay
some infected people (that do not know) will avoid having the test due to the price, so it is better if it is free since it will avoid a grand majority of people of being infected
Ensure that as many people as possible have access to medical care.
its not about the money people have and who can afford it, but how to avoid people getting infected no matter their economic status
Make plans in case first responders, such as firefighters and ambulance paramedics, become sick in large numbers.
plan ahead for everything
bring back retired doctors and nurses
the more help there is the better
100 million infections of the new coronavirus in the United States, of which 5 or 10 percent might require hospitalization and 1 percent might need a ventilator.
logos
by late April we could have millions of Americans infected, and the danger is that people with other ailments die for want of care in the chaos.
logos
Epidemiological models
ethos
The aim is for people to NOT go to a doctor’s office or E.R. unless necessary.
according to science is to stay at home since it is higly contagious
We are much better off if 100 million Americans contract the coronavirus over 18 months rather than over 18 weeks
there is more time to cure everybody, and it is not such a big problem if it is more elastic timewise
70 percent
logos
more than one-third of Americans
logos
have a list of a dozen practical steps
authoritary tone
Invest in a huge rollout of free testing so that we know who is sick.
to avoid other people getting sick
I
first person
epidemiologists and public health specialists,
ethos
this virus could kill more than one million Americans.
big amount of people. logos
Dr. Tom Frieden, a former director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
ethos
by a pandemic that is both more contagious than the seasonal flu and apparently many times more lethal
extreamly contagious and dangerous -- in three months it is now a world wide issue in which extreame measures such as quarentine and ''toque de queda'' in Peru have been made
overwhelmed
full of patients
can still make preparations
hope
we
pathos
passivity
avoiding the facts when there was time
South Korea had conducted up to 700 times more tests per capita than the United States.
logos
We
pathos// we as a group
President Trump squandered two precious months trying to downplay the new coronavirus while attempting to talk up the stock market.
business before the health of the people. ideology agains trump
Steps
list
Tackle
avoid, like in american futbol or rugby (avoid agressivley and take it down)
Steps
logos - procedure
we all have,
logos
We
pathos -- ''we'' as a group, together, as one
may kill 2 percent
logos
The New England Journal of Medicine
ethos
I
first person
prepare for the worst — and do better.
and not wait to the end
preparations while relying on science and evidence rather than on muddled political leaders trying to talk up markets or score political points.
scientists know the facts and data, political leaders don't. Just like Trump who does not ''belive'' in scientfic facts.
that may mean more people working from home to avoid offices, buses and subways.
changing our everyday life, to save lifes
We may also have to think about reducing occasions when people are crowded together
quarentine
1,000 cases among hospital workers and five or six deaths — it’s game over
important statistics! it is extreamly contagious and dangerous
told me that a vaccine might take at least six to eight months to develop and test
too much time. In 3 months the corona virus is world wide, people are dying.
out of financial need?
and spreads the disease to more people
The White House and Congress should immediately establish a system to ensure that patients need not pay for coronavirus testing and treatment.
3 thousand dollars is more than what someone gains in a month in a America! by applying this goverment intervention, corona virus cases will go down since they will take care of the sick people, and they will not come close to the others.
but he was billed $3,270
if people are charged like this, they will not take the test, causing more infected individuals
but he was billed $3,270
incredible amount of money for a test
antagonistic
diction
At a time when we need wise, scientifically informed leadership, we find ourselves with a president with little credibility and an antagonistic relationship with scientists.
Trump has focused on immigrants coming into the US, and has not payed attention to pandemics. The president must work with facts and take the correct measures, yet he doesn't.
We’re amazingly unprepared
we did not plan ahead, and in 3 months, the desease is all around the globe
“once-in-a-century pandemic.”
but it is extreamly big and kills a big majority of people
For decades public health experts have called for preparations for another “big one” — yet adequate preparations were never made.
no one does anything until it happens. 50 million people dying because of a flu is incredible. That is why it is necessary to stay home
at least 50 million
extreamly big number, huge amount of population
Sports events were canceled
Just like now, relatable
Philadelphia hurriedly set up six more morgues.
People where dying exponentially
People were already avoiding each other, turning their heads away if they had to talk, isolating themselves
Just like now with the Corona Virus, people do not salute with a kiss or handshake anymore
1918,
100 years ago