alog ou s. All of these are ess ent iall y pro prie tary inst itu tio ns, in themo ra l se ns e. The y do no t, at leas t as reg ards on e part icul ar sub ject , acce pt the princi ple sof fre ed om of inqu iry , of op in ion, an d of tea chi ng; and the ir pu rpos e is not to advan cekn owle dge by the unrest rict ed res earch and un fet ter ed di scus sio n of impar tial inves tig a-to rs, but rat he r to subs id ize th e pro motio n of op ini ons held by the pers ons, usua lly not ofth e schol ar’s cal li ng, who pr ov id e the fund s for

The term “acad emic freed om” has traditi onally had two applications—tothe freedomof thete ache r and to that of the stud ent ,Lehrfrei heitandLernfreiheit.It need scarcelybe pointedoutth at the fr eed om whichis the su bject of th is reportis that of the teacher.Academicfreedominth is sense compr ises thr ee elements:freedomof in quiry and resear ch; fr eedomof teachingwi thi n the univ er sit y or col leg e; and freed om of extramural utteranceand actio

Compression is important, however, when it comes to costs. The material for the microfilm Britannica would cost a nickel, and it could be mailed anywhere for a cent. What would it cost to print a million copies? To print a sheet of newspaper, in a large edition, costs a small fraction of a cent. The entire material of the Britannica in reduced microfilm form would go on a sheet eight and one-half by eleven inches. Once it is available, with the photographic reproduction methods of the future, duplicates in large quantities could probably be turned out for a cent apiece beyond the cost of materials. The preparation of the original copy? That introduces the next aspect of the subject.

Consider a future device for individual use, which is a sort of mechanized private file and library. It needs a name, and to coin one at random, ``memex'' will do. A memex is a device in which an individual stores all his books, records, and communications, and which is mechanized so that it may be consulted with exceeding speed and flexibility. It is an enlarged intimate supplement to his memory.

This has not been a scientist's war; it has been a war in which all have had a part. The scientists, burying their old professional competition in the demand of a common cause, have shared greatly and learned much. It has been exhilarating to work in effective partnership. Now, for many, this appears to be approaching an end. What are the scientists to do next?

This photograph, shown on the left, which also appears on the front cover is representative of the opening of possibilities, the growing and co-creation of knowledge, and it is through these doors that we enter.

Far too often when I am reading a challenging text for class I can’t stop dwelling on these questions: “Does anyone actually understand this? Am I crazy for thinking this means ___?” This brilliant tool lets me know that I’m not alone in feeling this way when I can see my classmates commenting in a similar fashion. It’s quite comforting. Being able to reply to classmate’s comments (with a range of media, no less…gifs anybody?)

By allowing (encouraging it, I daresay) people to comment on texts, a sort of community is born and its truly neat to be involved in.