“ bystander effect .”
In the story, people are encountering this bystander effect. Although they saw the pain of aliens, due to perceptions of others, they choose to not help even it's not moral.
12 Matching Annotations
- Dec 2025
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www.simplypsychology.org www.simplypsychology.org
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many of these individuals assumed it to be a domestic quarrel or a drunken brawl
-people don't think murders are happening around them, thinking it's animal
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multiple neighbors claiming to have called the police or called friends who called the police
responsibilities beyond individual hesitation?
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Witnesses may have assumed that others would intervene, diffusing individual responsibility to act
-reason behind people being inactive -perception of others’ inactions can also inhibit moral actions
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Although Genovese’s case sparked a widespread public discourse about bystander intervention, it has since been revealed that the number of witnesses who actually heard or saw the events was largely overstated.
how much does narrative vs. reality shape social psychology?
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This horrific incident led to the coining of the term “bystander effect” – a phenomenon within social psychology that describes how people are less likely to offer help to a victim when other people are present.
It’s disturbing that a single event caused a psychological concept to be used to understand human behavior. It's tragic that a single event leads to decades of thinking about morality and social psychology.
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www.wri.org www.wri.org
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But some impacts of climate change are already too severe to adapt to. The world needs urgent action now to address losses and damages.
As much as the Earth might still hold beauty like ecosystems, there’s also harsh injustice. The “hard limits” described in the report parallels with the story’s sense of inevitability
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where climate impacts are so severe that no existing adaptation measures can effectively prevent losses and damages.
What kinds of justice exist for those whose neighborhood or culture are lost?
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The IPCC estimates that adaptation needs will reach $127 billion and $295 billion per year for developing countries alone by 2030 and 2050, respectively.
How realistic will that funding level be mobilized?
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Whether facing soft or hard limits of climate adaptation, the result for communities is devastating and oftentimes irreversible.
Even adaptation has limits here. The phrase “hard limits” evokes loss. For most communities, damage can’t be reversed, no matter what we do now.
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Today, half the global population faces water insecurity at least one month per year.
Water insecurity is something affecting billions of people. It highlights climate change as an issue for human beings, not just an abstract phenomenon.
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Climate change is already causing widespread disruption in every region in the world with just 1.1 degrees C (2 degrees F) of warming.
It is surprising that a small global temperature rise can trigger disruption globally. This undermines any ideas like “we still have time”, and things are really happening NOW.
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