Mr. Washington represents in Negro thought the old attitude ofadjustment and submission; but adjustment at such a peculiar time asto make his programme unique. This is an age of unusual economicdevelopment, and Mr. Washington’s programme naturally takes aneconomic cast, becoming a gospel of Work and Money to such an extentas apparently almost completely to overshadow the higher aims of life

The disappointment and impatienceof the Negroes at the persistence of slavery and serfdom voiced itselfin two movements.

But when to earth and brute is added an environment of men and ideas,then the attitude of the imprisoned group may take three main forms,—afeeling of revolt and revenge; an attempt to adjust all thought and actionto the will of the greater group; or, finally, a determined effort at self-re-alization and self-development despite environing opinion.

Usually, however, such criticism has not found openexpression, although, too, the spiritual sons of the Abolitionists have notbeen prepared to acknowledge that the schools founded before Tuskegee,by men of broad ideals and self-sacrificing spirit, were wholly failuresor worthy of ridicule.