20 Matching Annotations
  1. Oct 2020
    1. That has been the perennial state and condition of not simply black people in America, but all self-conscious human beings who are sensitive to the forms of evil around them. We can be prisoners of hope even as we call optimism into question.

      This is really powerful to me. I often feel myself clinging to hope while having a negative outlook on the things happening in the world around me. This puts into words some of the mixed feelings I have experienced when hoping for a better world. It reminds me of the saying: "hope for the best, expect for the worst."

    2. No democracy can survive with a middle class so insecure that it is willing to accept any authoritarian option in order to provide some sense of normalcy and security in their lives. It also opens the door for significant segments of that middle class to scapegoat those who are most vulnerable.

      The idea that society will crumble because people are unwilling to stand up to authoritarian leadership is quite frightening. This passage also highlights how people are willing to sacrifice the disenfranchised for their own gain instead of tackling the system as a whole.

    3. He understood what it meant to be cast as part of a problem people rather than people with problems. Once the humanity of a people is problematized, they are called into question perennially.

      This explanation stands out to me because it shows that instead of trying to solve cultural problems, today's society would rather blame them on a certain group of people. By doing this, it demonizes everything about this group and creates harmful stereotypes that open the doors for racism.

    1. Instead of wholly fabricated stories, influence agents are reframing genuine content and using hyperbolic headlines. The strategy involves connecting genuine content with polarizing topics or people.

      This relates back to the idea of confirmation bias. The more you are shown similar content to your beliefs, the more ingrained those beliefs become.

    2. Fearmongering will only fuel more conspiracy and continue to drive down trust in quality-information sources and institutions of democracy.

      I think this is a really important concept to remember while trying to combat this issue. Fear just makes people feel more divided in my opinion.

    3. These “dark ads” let organizations target posts at certain people, but they do not sit on that organization's main page.

      I had no idea this was a thing. It is honestly pretty scary to think about how specific (and harmful) these ads can get.

    4. information that is designed to mislead, incite hatred, reinforce tribalism or cause physical harm would not be amplified by algorithms

      I've often wondered about these exact issues and this is one of the first real solutions I've come across. It is hard to imagine this being successfully enforced in our world of 1st amendment rights, but I think this could be incredibly helpful to decrease the spread of mis/disinformation.

  2. Sep 2020
    1. The most effective check against them, as Kahneman says, is from the outside: Others can perceive our errors more readily than we can.

      This is interesting to me, because often times if an outside source informs you of your mistake, you will argue or stand firm against them.

    2. Confirmation bias shows up most blatantly in our current political divide, where each side seems unable to allow that the other side is right about anything.

      This is something I have become increasingly aware of lately. When you only surround yourself with people who agree with your ideas, it is easy to convince yourself that your ideas must be the truth, because everyone else says it is.

    3. Present bias, by contrast, is an example of cognitive bias—the collection of faulty ways of thinking that is apparently hardwired into the human brain.

      This is an important definition to the meaning of this article. Cognitive bias happens when people develop their own ideas of reality based on personal experience, which in turn, affects their behavior. These ideas deviate from rational judgement and create a subjective reality.

    4. “saving is like a choice between spending money today or giving it to a stranger years from now.”

      This comment by Hershfield really stands out to me. I think many people feel as if saving for retirement is such a distant issue, they do not realize how fast it can creep up and how unprepared that can leave them. I like the analogy between your future self being a stranger, because it really is true in a way. It is hard to relate to, or put first something that does not exist yet.

    1. The story is told in text, photographs, video clips, and audio. It uses an interface that allows you to follow the action and shift between levels of awareness.

      I like how this uses technology to develop a story deeper than just traditional text. It is much more engaging and allows the reader to experience the story through multiple forms of media.

    2. Before that point, the typical European reader had only a few books—the Bible, an almanac, maybe a work of devotional literature—and he read them over and over, so that they were deeply impressed on his consciousness. Afterward, Europeans read all kinds of material—novels, periodicals, newspapers—and they read each item only once before racing on to the next.

      I find this interesting because I pretty much never read the same thing more than once. Thinking of reading the same thing over and over sounds painfully boring, but I do agree that it would have a much deeper impression.

    3. Considered in terms of cognitive load, these texts are head-bangingly difficult; considered in terms of pleasure, they’re hard to beat.

      I find this interesting because even though these are considered difficult, they are also considered the most fun.

    4. We have to enjoy ourselves. If we can do that, digital reading will expand the already vast interior space of our humanity.

      I believe this is super important when it comes to reading. It's difficult to get really engaged in what you read when you are not enjoying yourself.

  3. Aug 2020
    1. Voting rights may happen to signify human dignity to us, he writes, but corpse-eating once signified respect for the dead among the Fore tribe of Papua New Guinea.

      This sentence really stands out to me because it makes you consider that our "normal" may actually be detrimental to ourselves. We see corpse-eating as primitive and potentially dangerous. Would a more advanced society see our voting methods as the same?

    2. Brennan argues that it’s entirely justifiable to limit the political power that the irrational, the ignorant, and the incompetent have over others.

      While I absolutely agree with this statement, who gets to decide who is labeled as such? I may think someone is ignorant for thinking a certain way, while they believe the same of me.

    3. byzantine

      Definition:

      1. excessively complicated, and typically involving a great deal of administrative detail. "Byzantine insurance regulations"
      2. characterized by deviousness or underhanded procedure. adjective: byzantine "he has the most Byzantine mind in politics"
    4. give extra votes to citizens with university degrees or intellectually demanding jobs.

      Comparing this idea to the present seems outlandish and unjust. However, I can understand the thought process behind giving extra power to those with higher education, in hopes that they would make more informed decisions. If everyone had equal access to education this may be a more feasible idea. Unfortunately, wealthy (and oftentimes white) citizens have easier access to education and job opportunities, which would make this voting system inherently unfair.

    5. Sometimes he drinks heavily while listening to the flute; at other times, he drinks only water and is on a diet; sometimes he goes in for physical training; at other times, he’s idle and neglects everything; and sometimes he even occupies himself with what he takes to be philosophy.

      This quote from the ancient philosopher Plato is as relatable now as it was then. Everyday people are multifaceted and tend to shift their focus frequently. Many people are committed to their goals for short bursts of motivation. When this is applied to philosophy, or current day politics, it showcases that people do not always prioritize these important decisions.