This was such an interesting and informative article to read. I did not know the deeper meaning/significance of the disco, naively thinking it was just a dance. It was eye opening to see the social norms the disco challenged.

This shows the recurring problem of blaming women for mens's actions. Why must a woman sacrifice her social life or way of living because a man can't control his thoughts. Reminds me of dress codes in school that seemingly were only enforced on girls.

It was very upsetting yet surreal to read how a woman of color described herself as a statistic due to her financial instability, gender, race, age and appearance. It brings to light some of the many injustices individuals have to face through no fault of their own. It is hard to hear but necessary to understand so that it can be fixed

I would imagine that there would be a lot more questioning and protesting of the War once people were able to view somewhat of what was happening and come up with their own thoughts about the War.

This was surprising to read, I had no idea that they were working together. Cesar Chavez took a more passive approach while the Black Panther's were more aggressive with their demands.

I wonder why all the programs within the "Great Society" did not meet their full potential, why were people so opposed to helping the less fortunate? I think it is hard for individuals who are thriving financially in life to feel inclined to helping the less fortunate. They view it as not being their problem, but of course if the roles were reversed they would want a society that supported them.

This could not feel more of a relevant statement than now. Our country has been facing a divide for decades, it is sad to see that we are still being able to relate with past historical mistakes. I am hoping that this presidency will be our new beginning and a start to fixing the divide.

"People didn’t volunteer. And people told her not to. But she went because she had nothing to hide. And she went becauseshe was Hazel Scott, beloved star, wife of a congressman, surely immune to blacklists. Who better to speak out against the injustice of McCarthy’s witch hunt? So she appeared, she spoke out" her career was ruined after she spoke, as we continue to listen we are told that her marriage and career were over for her.

it is surreal to see how a duck and cover drill was treated like a fire drill or earthquake drill in today's century. I can't imagine the fear individuals dealt with having to see these videos.

This has been a very big topic that has been discussed in my previous school district. The BLM movement has been exposing how many educational systems have failed at properly implementing anti-racist lessons. It is disheartening to see history repeat itself.

This reminded me of TSA check in the airport, when flying internationally especially I see a lot of luggage being checked or individuals getting "randomly" searched. It is interesting to see a first hand account of what this looked like in earlier times.

It is sad to read that women and African Americans did not receive the same opportunities and treatment as other marines. These individuals are giving up their lives in order to fight and defend our country, the least that could be done is treat them with the up most respect.

"Every subway sailor stayed aboard except one. He was kicked off. He was going to get married next week. He had someoneto live for. So he stood on the dock, as his friends pulled away and threw down their wallets. So if he survived he could prove that they were there on that boat on that night, trying to save the city, before their bodies atomized out on the Hudson" This was so interesting to learn about, the sailor who was married decided not to continue on the journey because he was needed by his wife to provide for and build a family. The men threw down their wallets as a form of identification, they were innovative.

It was/is looked down up for men to cry because it was considered only feminine and weak to show this emotion. It is scary to think that individuals would want to pass on the trait of being aggressive. Aggression almost always leads to abuse and violence.

That could not have been a safe living environment, these individuals were constantly inhaling toxins. I can image how big of an impact this had on their health. It is very unfortunate that these individuals had no other living choice and were sacrificing their health everyday.

It was so interesting to read the history behind this song because I remember having to preform this song with my classmates in elementary school. I had no idea that it was a protest song originally.

I'm not sure what this truly means but once I searched what the meaning was there seem to be a correlation to a biblical verse. Or Webster defines it as "an unjust or oppressive situation, action, or policy that may inflame desire for vengeance"

A clear double standard can be seen within this portion of the text. It was okay for men to socially drink but a woman could not be at a bar or drink openly solely because of her gender.Women had to drink in the privacy of their home while men could drink freely.

I loved seeing this advertisement, it puts into perspective how much our society has changed throughout the years yet I you can still see a resemblance to our society as of right now.

What a powerful statement this is. It is challenging the constant notion that still exists today that woman were meant to stay at home. Many individuals believed that a woman's sole purpose was to have children, take care of her husband/ children, cook and clean. This statement empowers women and lets them know that they hold control of their lives.

I did not know much about the origin of school gardens and what the intentions were behind creating them. Where I live I have only seen two school gardens it is offered as an elective and privilege to work in the school garden. It is in an open space where pedestrians can pass by an look at it.

It seems as though war was made out to be like summer camp, filled with fun and activities. The soldiers soon came to realize that this was not the case. They endured terrible climate, living situations and were exposed to illnesses. They were tricked into thinking that going to war would be a great time.

this just screams misogynistic thoughts. To say that women are too emotional to be trusted with the ballot. Sentiment and emotion is not just limited to women, men also eminent these feelings yet they are not condemned by them.

I think DuBois's being the first African American to receive a doctorate from an Ivy League school was inspirational to other African Americans. In addition his educational background influenced his philosophy discussed in module 13.

Is he talking about the disunity in regards to being ostracized and segregated from whites or the disunity within their own African American race? Or both?

The irony I felt when reading this portion of the text. America is known for the countless fast food chains, and fried food frenzy.

I was not expecting to read about sex/masturbation and cereal all in one article. I had no idea that the reason why corn flakes lack in flavor was because Kellogg believed it would reduce the urge of masturbation. I wonder how the buyers reacted to this claim?

This section of the reading material is very loaded. Raising claims that children are all born healthy and if they are not then it is because of their mothers fault. Many children are born with birth defects and illnesses that the mother has no control over. The mother can be the healthiest being, do all the neccesary health guidelines and still birth a child with an illness.

This highlights one of the double standards set on immigration. They weren't given an equal opportunity at a better life in the states. We can imply that these double standards were in place because of race. Since in this portion it mentioned that they were not permitted regardless of their education or class.

What a condescending political cartoon. The entire cartoon is disturbing to see because it reminds me of the ugly part of History. Immigration is still a controversial topic of debate and will most likely stay that way without some type of reform politically and socially.

Timoteo Andrade was denied citizenship solely because he was not a free white. Why reject individuals who want to escape their country because it lacks job opportunities, low quality of life and/or wars and violence. Timoteo like many others wanted to become an American citizen to better their lives and contribute to the country.

I was not aware of what the water cure was prior to reading this article. The Americans use of brutal punishment is completely unacceptable. It is devastating yet eye opening to read these parts of American History. Although forms of punishment have gotten significantly better it is still not a completely fair system, especially in third World Countries. Severe punishment still occurs and goes without consequences.

I believe they are referring to the Philippines when they say your new-caught, sullen peoples. Sullen meaning angry and unhappy individuals. The White Man's burden was the notion that Americans needed to educated others. They wanted everyone to follow their political, social and religious ways.

This was the reasoning given by President William McKinley as to what to do with the Philippines. The first reason he gives is that he did not want to give the Philippines back to Spain because that would jeopardize how America was seen. The reason that bothered me the most was reason number four. He was condescending in a way, saying that the Philippines could not survive on their own. Even though they had already been fighting for their independence.

I believed they did this in order to feel safer and more protected. I would have also migrated if I felt that my life was at risk.

I didn't know what the west cure was before reading this article. I would have assumed that the "treatment" would have been the same for both men and women when reading the previous articles.

It amazed me that the physcian read "The Yellow Wallpaper" and changed his treatment plan. It goes to show how powerful literature can be.

This portion of the article really stood out to me. Zitkala-Ša left the school in Pennsylvania to try and uplift Native Americans as well as educate them. Yet she faced such hard criticism from Natives and Whites. Was it to late to try and mend back the Native American's culture?

This reminds me of my hispanic culture. We have many family gatherings in which my grandparents would always tell us about stories and experiences they had growing up.

I wonder if this was a true story or if it was a folktale passed on through generations. I know in my hispanic culture there are legends and folktales that are held sacred and passed on through families.

Reading this article was eye opening. Before taking college level History courses, I only knew what was taught to me through school provided History books. I did not think about how the truth could easily be skewed/biased towards a certain group. Once again the story that Native Americans "vanished" can be seen as History written by the "winners".

"Two hundred and fifty thousand people. The governor. The mayors. Various dignitaries. Prominent business owners. The “who’s who”of people no one remembers now. Marveling at the thing. And the river, so far beneath their feet. And with them, somewhere there in the crowd, men who could look down at the river, and know just what lay beneath it" The ending of the story was really powerful to me. It brought the story full circle. So many people came to see the bridge, they walked on it and celebrated that it was finally constructed. However, those individuals didn't know what it took in order to build the bridge. Only the men who worked for years would know what it took to build a bridge on water.

"They would call it the “Tower Building.” Stearns loved the idea, for awhile. Until people starting telling him it was completely bananas. First, he heard it from business associates, people looking out for his investment. Then it was the press, which called the project—and the men behind it—"idiotic.” Architects came in from all over the country to watch theTower Building rise. To pore over Gilbert’s blueprints. And they all pretty much agreed—Gilbert and Stearns were idiots". As I was reading the transcript and listening to the podcast this portion stood out to me. I just found it interesting how even though everyone thought it was "idiotic" they were still invested in looking at the blue prints and listening to the idea.

Personally, I don't like the term "hobo" it seems very derogatory to individuals. Often times people assume that homeless individuals "did it to themselves"and/or view them as a nuisance to society. It is very easy for people on the outside to see homelessness in such a negative light rather try and see it from a different perspective. This portion sheds light on one of the reasons individuals become homeless. I personally knew someone who choose to be homeless, not because they couldn't afford a home, or obtain a job but as stance against the unjust system.

This really stood out to me as I started reading the article. I never really thought about why we used champagne to celebrate milestones. It always just seemed to be the norm. It all makes sense now that marketing was a big part of why nobody questions the symbolism behind champagne. Champagne and sparkling cider come out in stores around Christmas, New Years, Thanksgiving and Valentines Day and individuals follow suit in buying it.

This article was published in 2016 and four years later is still beyond relevant. Immigrants and miniorites continue to be blamed for crimes in America. Individuals are tired of being tired and have are fighting back with everything they have. Specifically in the BLM movement. Minority groups are protesting, getting educated, voting and fighting for change.

This reminded me of the previous text I had just read, it was saying how Americans viewed Chinese men as being easily manipulated. It is so refreshing to see how wrong these assumptions were. The Chinese fought back and pushed to be equally protected under the law.

I had to read this section a couple of times because it just seems to contradict himself. Americans talk down on the Chinese men but then still say that they would "ideal" workers.

Section 9 of the reading material really resonated with me and stood out to me. Now more than ever freedom of speech has been crucial to the BLM movement. Individuals are able to protest and voice their concerns about the injustice and systematic racism that has been going on for too long. However, it is sad to see how our right of freedom of speech has not been respected or protected to its full extent. Individuals are getting punished for being allies of the movement.

This stood out to me immediately as I thought back to a question that was posed to us in my previous history class, "Do you think History was written by the winners?"Often times we are quick to only skim the surface of what happened throughout history. There is so much fake news on the internet that we can get confused on what to believe and what not to believe. It is important to fact check our sources, continue to learn, and have an open mind.

This really resonated with me. I always felt an immense pressure from middle school to high school to achieve honor roll status a 3.5 or higher gpa as well as get an A on every assignment. I started to value a letter or a number more than the actual take away from the assignment. It wasn't until I started at Miramar in which I got to meet amazing professors and peers that taught me to not focus on the grade but what the assignment is trying to teach me.