14 Matching Annotations
  1. Apr 2019
    1. Researchers find that this mimicking increases the connection between people andallows our interactions to flow more smoothly

      Young children mimic what adults do to learn what is right and wrong. As we get older, our mimicking becomes conformity. However, can't we think of it as we do with children? Is our conformity just based on us trying to figure out what is right and wrong? This says that it increases our connection between people. Is that because we are doing what the other person thinks is right?

    1. For example, “Americans will sometimes misinterpret longperiods of silence as a signal that they should make a concession. Their negotiatingcounterparts in Asia know this and will sometimes prolong their silence in the expectationthat a concession will be made.”

      So they manipulate our sense of silence for their personal gain????

    2. Theworld over, children simply pick up theirsociety’s conceptions of early and late, ofwaiting and rushing, of the past, thepresent, and the future, as they mature

      I 100% agree with this! Growing up, I was taught that 'early is on time and on time is late.' If we were not early, we should apologize for time wasted. I've met plenty of other people though that, if they are on time, they are early, or time is not a sensitive thing. All of these ideas about time were generated from what our parents taught us.

  2. Mar 2019
    1. For instance, whereas 95% of U.S. participants associated a smile with “happiness,” only 69%of Sumatran participants did. Similarly, 86% of U.S. participants associated wrinkling of thenose with “disgust,” but only 60% of Japanese did (Ekman et al., 1987).

      WOW! This is very interesting to know! I'm curious as to what the other cultures said each facial expression was associated with what emotion. Could this be why there are some offensive gestures or emotions between different cultures? For example, Russians are not necessarily offended by smiling but they have a different thought process when they see someone smile in public. They think things like "What is this person up to?" or "They must be doing something illegal." or "This person is weird." To them, they are acting different than their normal. This is absolutely intriguing to me.

    1. The concept of cultural intelligence is the ability to understand why members ofother cultures act in the ways they do. Rather than dismissing foreign behaviors as weird,inferior, or immoral, people high in cultural intelligence can appreciate differences even ifthey do not necessarily share another culture’s views or adopt its ways of doing things.

      Shouldn't this be how we think about everything? We should all have the ability to understand others and what they do, say, or feel and why they do it the way they do. I don't think this should be limited to culture but should be used in all kinds of different way. Maybe if we tried to understand others, there wouldn't be so much hate, bias, prejudice, etc. in the world.

    2. What is Culture?Defining CultureLike the words “happiness” and “intelligence,” the word “culture” can be tricky to define. Culture is a word that suggests social patterns of shared meaning. In essence, it is a collectiveunderstanding of the way the world works, shared by members of a group and passed downfrom one generation to the next. For example, members of the Yanomamö tribe, in SouthAmerica, share a cultural understanding of the world that includes the idea that there are fourparallel levels to reality that include an abandoned level, and earthly level and heavenly andhell-like levels. Similarly, members of surfing culture understand their athletic pastime asbeing worthwhile and governed by formal rules of etiquette known only to insiders. Thereare several features of culture that are central to understanding the uniqueness and diversityof the human mind:1. Versatility: Culture can change and adapt. Someone from the state of Orissa, in India, forexample, may have multiple identities. She might see herself as Oriya when at home andspeaking her native language. At other times, such as during the national cricket matchagainst Pakistan, she might consider herself Indian. This is known as situational identity.

      I find this difficult to understand. Are they saying that you can be part of more than one culture? If that is the case, how is culture an identity? You only have one identity, so how can you have multiple cultures?

    1. People higher on SDO tend to choose and thrive in occupations that maintain existinggroup hierarchies (police, prosecutors, business), compared to those lower in SDO, who tendto pick more equalizing occupations (social work, public defense, psychology)

      People higher on the SDO see society almost in a pyramid; they put people into position in the pyramid based on whether they are good or bad. As psychology majors I believe that we see people as equal because we are a helping profession. We help those who need it, not based on who they are or where they're from. However, police officers are technically a helping profession as well, so why do they think differently than those in psychology? Why are police officers high on SDO and psychologists are not, given that they are both helping professions?

    1. By their first birthday, children can distinguish faces by gender. By their second birthday,they can label others’ gender and even sort objects into gender-typed categories. By the thirdbirthday, children can consistently identify their own gender

      Wow. I am floored by this whole paragraph but I chose to only talk about this part. I never realized how much kids are actually taught about gender. I feel as though parenting styles may have something to do with this though. I have worked with a lot of children growing up, as I am a nanny. I've had 3 different boy/girl sibling pairings and, thinking back, I see different patterns of gender recognition. The first 2 were 5 and 6 when i started babysitting them and they were taught that she's a girl and he's a boy but they didn't know what that meant. When they were 7 and 8, they started telling me that they could no longer take a bath together because he's a boy and she's a girl and they couldn't look at each other's parts. My point with this is that they knew what gender was but didn't know the true differences until later. Another pairing was 4 and 5 when i started babysitting them. These two knew immediately that boys and girls are different because of their parts and that they couldn't look at each other naked because that's wrong. They each had their toys to play with and the boy wouldn't play with girl toys and the girl wouldn't play with boy toys. The two I babysit now are a little different in age as they are 4 and 1. The 4 year old is a very smart boy but he does not see gender. He went into the bathroom and left the door open and told me to come in there. He didn't understand that it's 'wrong' for me to do that. He just wanted to talk. He changes his younger sister and he plays just like he would with any other person with anything he wants to play with, boy toys or girl toys. What I mean to say with all of this is that i think that how children are parented or taught plays a huge role in when they identify gender and understand gender differences. I don't believe that we can just look at their age to know how much they understand about gender.

  3. Feb 2019
    1. Onestudy found that boys who played a violent video game were more aggressive afterward thanwere boys who merely watched the same game

      Has there been a study on what it does to females???? Another example of males being put in a bad light. (refer to my previous annotation)

    2. Among heterosexual partners, women are actually slightly more likely than men to usephysical aggression (Archer, 2000). However, when men do use physical aggression, they aremore likely than women to cause serious injuries and even death to their partners.

      I think this statement right here needs to be publicized immediately!!!! People nowadays believe that men are the ones who physically provoke others more than women. This statement is proof that that is not true! Nowadays we see headlines in the newspaper like "male sexually assaults 10 college females" or "man arrested for beating his girlfriend." While these are real issues that happen, what we don't see nearly as much are when women do the same thing to men (or even other women). Is this because men tend to do more harm so it gets bigger publicity? I don't know, but if that is the reason then society might want to start opening their eyes a little bit more. It angers me when men are the first suspect in assault cases (especially ones against women). I have seen one of my best friends beaten to a bloody pulp by a woman that he was 'dating'. Why hasn't anyone heard about that? Because the news didn't come out to film him being checked out by the paramedics; because the paramedics that checked him out didn't believe that a woman could have done the harm he has sustained; because the judge found the girl not guilty of the assault after she was able to lie her way out of it, saying she didn't have the power enough to hurt him like that. We teach girls today to be aware of our surroundings and watch out for creepy men, but why aren't we teaching our boys that same thing? Because no one believes it could happen. Here's the proof.

    1. how bystanders come to define emergencies,2. when they decide to take responsibility for helping, and3. how the costs and benefits of intervening affect their decisions of whether to help.

      I talked about this the other day in class. The bystander effect is a very strange phenomena that occurs within the mind. Everyone has these thoughts whether you realize it or not but only some act upon them. The bystander effect can be the difference between life and death for someone but it will always occur. If there is a group of people around, there is always the question of 'should i help this person' and the statement of 'someone else will help them.' I've seen the bystander effect in action when i worked at a summer camp. All of the people working with the children had to be lifeguard certified to be around the pool at any time. One day, this little boy fell into the deep end of the pool and started to drown. All of the adults saw it but we all paused for a moment before anyone did or said anything. That's when one of our lifeguards jumped in and saved him and the rest of us got the other kids out of the pool. It was almost like time froze for a second before anyone did anything. We all knew how to save him, and we all wanted to save him, but because we all knew how, we all had the thought that someone else would act first. The little boy ended up being fine because someone did jump in and get him, but what if we had waited a few more seconds? What if we had let the bystander effect get in the way and we all assumed the other person would take responsibility?

    1. The amygdala helps us recognize the emotional states of others (e.g.,Morris et al., 1996) and also to experience and regulate our own emotions (e.g., LeDoux, 1992).The OFC supports the "reward" feelings we have when we are around other people (e.g., Rolls,2000). The FG, located at the bottom of the surface of the temporal lobes detects faces andsupports face recognition (e.g., Puce, Allison, Asgari, Gore, & McCarthy, 1996). The posteriorSTS region recognizes the biological motion, including eye, hand and other body movements,and helps to interpret and predict the actions and intentions of others (

      Reading this makes everything I know about ASD make sense! Those with ASD have different levels at which they may or may not interact with others. It's very interesting to know that more than one part of the brain works with emotions, face recognition, and so much more. It is very hard for someone with ASD to connect with others on an emotional level because parts of their brain are not connecting with each other. Knowing now that these parts of the brain cause these delays, is there a way that we can help the brain to connect and figure all of this out?

  4. Jan 2019
    1. The majority,ranging from 50% to 80%, reportedregularly doing things in groups, such as attending a sports event together, visiting one anotherfor the evening, sharing a meal together, or going out as a group to see a movie

      While I agree with this statement, I also feel like as though "regularly" can be taken two ways based on the individual. What does one consider "regularly"? If you asked me, I'd say I go out with my friends or have get-togethers regularly, meaning two or three times a month. If you asked another person, "regularly" might mean once or twice a week. I believe it depends on the person's definition of "regularly" and that if the statement were based between a set amount of time spent with friends, the statistics would be lower. I do not believe that "regularly" is clearly stated within these statistics.

    1. This kind of parenting style has been described as authoritative (Baumrind,2013). Authoritative parents are supportive and show interest in their kids’ activities but arenot overbearing and allow them to make constructive mistakes. By contrast, some less-constructive parent-child relationships result from authoritarian, uninvolved, or permissiveparenting styles (see Table 1)

      I have seen firsthand how each of the parenting styles helps or hinders a child's relationship with their parents. A parent who is always on top of their child, making sure that no mistakes are made, and never giving a warm embrace when they fall, will not have a strong relationship with their child. A parent who lets their child make as many mistakes as they want and never corrects them on anything might have a good relationship with their child but it will be on a friend level and not a parent/child level. The best kind of parent is the one who lets a child learn from their mistakes but also embraces them when they are hurt or sad. This parent will let their child grow into an adult but always be there for them when they need it. This relationship will be great from both sides because the child will not feel like they are being suffocated but they know that they will always have their parent.