If they are based on a small number of observations, it can be misleading to label the pie slices with percentages.
Making you sure you pay close attention to the pie chart.
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stats.libretexts.org stats.libretexts.org
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- Aug 2025
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stats.libretexts.org stats.libretexts.org
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When measuring using a nominal scale, one simply names or categorizes responses. Gender, handedness, favorite color, and religion are examples of variables measured on a nominal scale.
Making sure that its pin pointed that these are broken down into categories based on objects, or people.
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stats.libretexts.org stats.libretexts.org
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This problem, which we will discuss in more detail in Chapter 6, refers to the third-variable problem. Namely, a third variable can cause both situations; however, people erroneously believe that there is a causal relationship between the two primary variables rather than recognize that a third variable can cause both.
This makes me wonder what could the third variable be, because if this was just based off the two variables. It would make you think churches promote crime.
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