337 Matching Annotations
  1. Jan 2026
    1. Romeo. Ay, nurse; what of that? both with an R. Nurse. Ah. mocker! that's the dog's name; R is for the—No; I know it begins with some other letter:—and she hath the prettiest sententious of it, of you and rosemary, that it would do you good 1365to hear it.

      Symbolism: Rosemary was for remembrance and weddings. Nurse's confused rambling shows her affection.

    2. And bring thee cords made like a tackled stair; Which to the high top-gallant of my joy

      Plot: Romeo plans for a rope ladder so he can climb to Juliet's room for their wedding night.

    3. but first let me tell ye, if ye should lead her into 1320a fool's paradise, as they say, it were a very gross kind of behavior, as they say: for the gentlewoman is young; and, therefore, if you should deal double with her, truly it were an ill thing to be offered to any gentlewoman, and very weak dealing.

      Nurse protects Juliet, warning Romeo not to trick her into a "fool's paradise."

    4. Scurvy knave! I am none of his flirt-gills; I am none of his skains-mates. And thou must stand by 1310too, and suffer every knave to use me at his pleasure?

      The Nurse is offended by Mercutio's teasing and asserts her respectability.

    5. Mercutio. No hare, sir; unless a hare, sir, in a lenten pie, 1285that is something stale and hoar ere it be spent. [Sings] An old hare hoar, And an old hare hoar, Is very good meat in lent 1290But a hare that is hoar Is too much for a score, When it hoars ere it be spent. Romeo, will you come to your father's? we'll to dinner, thither.

      Bawdy Humor: "Hare" slang for prostitute; "hoar" means moldy/old. More crude jokes about the Nurse.

    6. Mercutio. 'Tis no less, I tell you, for the bawdy hand of the dial is now upon the prick of noon.

      Sexual Pun: Mercutio makes a crude joke about the clock hand being on the "prick".

    7. that Petrarch flowed in: Laura to his lady was but a 1200kitchen-wench; marry, she had a better love to be-rhyme her; Dido a dowdy; Cleopatra a gipsy; Helen and Hero hildings and harlots; Thisbe a grey eye or so, but not to the purpose. Signior

      Allusion: Says Romeo's love outdoes Petrarch's famous love for Laura, and other famous beauties.

    8. Mercutio. Without his roe, like a dried herring:

      Pun: "Roe" sounds like "Romeo." Without "ro," he's just "me o"- empty and sad. Also, a dried fish.

    9. Mercutio. Alas poor Romeo! he is already dead; stabbed with a white wench's black eye; shot through the ear with a love-song; the very pin of his heart cleft with the blind bow-boy's butt-shaft: and is he a man to encounter Tybalt?

      Humorous Imagery: Mockingly says Romeo is "dead" from love, shot by a song, Cupid's arrow, etc.

    10. Mercutio. Ah, that same pale hard-hearted wench, that Rosaline.

      Dramatic Irony: Mercutio thinks Romeo is still lovesick for Rosaline. We know he's over her.

    11. Friar Laurence. Wisely and slow; they stumble that run fast.

      Proverb/Foreshadowing: Friar warns against haste. Romeo ignores this, leading to disaster.

    12. In one respect I'll thy assistant be; For this alliance may so happy prove, To turn your households' rancour to pure love.

      Motivation: Friar agrees to marry them hoping it will end the family feud.

    13. If e'er thou wast thyself and these woes thine, Thou and these woes were all for Rosaline: And art thou changed? pronounce this sentence then, Women may fall, when there's no strength in men.

      Friar questions if Romeo was ever really himself (sad) for Rosaline.

    14. young men's love then lies Not truly in their hearts, but in their eyes.

      Critique: Friar says Romeo loves based on looks, not deep feeling.

    15. I have been feasting with mine enemy, Where on a sudden one hath wounded me,

      Metaphor: The Capulet feast was a "feast." Juliet "wounded" him with love.

    16. Within the infant rind of this small flower Poison hath residence and medicine power: For this, being smelt, with that part cheers each part;

      Symbolism: Represents duality—things can be both healing and deadly (like love/the plan).

    17. Virtue itself turns vice, being misapplied; And vice sometimes by action dignified.

      Theme: Good can become bad if misused; bad can become good. Foreshadows the plan.

    18. Friar Laurence. The grey-eyed morn smiles on the frowning night, Chequering the eastern clouds with streaks of light, 1060And flecked darkness like a drunkard reels From forth day's path and Titan's fiery wheels:

      Imagery: Dawn smiling, night reeling like a drunkard. Peaceful, poetic start.

    19. O, she is lame! love's heralds should be thoughts, Which ten times faster glide than the sun's beams, Driving back shadows over louring hills: 1380Therefore do nimble-pinion'd doves draw love, And therefore hath the wind-swift Cupid wings.

      Metaphor: Love's messengers should be as fast as thoughts, doves, or Cupid.

    20. But old folks, many feign as they were dead; 1390Unwieldy, slow, heavy and pale as lead.

      Simile/Character: Juliet impatiently stereotypes the old as slow and dull, unlike her youthful passion.

    21. Nurse. Well, you have made a simple choice; you know not 1415how to choose a man: Romeo! no, not he; though his face be better than any man's, yet his leg excels all men's; and for a hand, and a foot, and a body, though they be not to be talked on, yet they are past compare: he is not the flower of courtesy, 1420but, I'll warrant him, as gentle as a lamb. Go thy ways, wench; serve God. What, have you dined at home?

      Comic Delay: The Nurse praises Romeo's body parts (face, leg) but won't give the news, frustrating Juliet.

    22. Nurse. Then hie you hence to Friar Laurence' cell; There stays a husband to make you a wife: Now comes the wanton blood up in your cheeks, They'll be in scarlet straight at any news. Hie you to church; I must another way, 1450To fetch a ladder, by the which your love Must climb a bird's nest soon when it is dark: I am the drudge and toil in your delight, But you shall bear the burden soon at night.

      Plot/Imagery: She'll get a ladder for Romeo to climb to Juliet's "bird's nest" (room) after the wedding.

    23. Juliet. O, swear not by the moon, the inconstant moon,

      Symbolism: Juliet rejects the changing moon as a symbol for vows. She wants constancy.

    24. Thou mayst prove false; at lovers' perjuries Then say, Jove laughs.

      Allusion: Old saying: the god Jupiter laughs at lovers' broken vows, so they don't matter.

    25. Juliet. O Romeo, Romeo! wherefore art thou Romeo?

      Misunderstood Line: "Wherefore" means WHY, not where. She laments his name, not his location.

    26. Two of the fairest stars in all the heaven, 860Having some business, do entreat her eyes To twinkle in their spheres till they return. What if her eyes were there, they in her head?

      Hyperbole: Her eyes are so bright stars swap places with them. Extreme romantic exaggeration.

    27. Romeo. He jests at scars that never felt a wound.

      Metaphor: Romeo says Mercutio jokes about love's pain because he's never felt it (the "wound").

    28. Romeo, good night: I'll to my truckle-bed;

      Mercutio prefers his small bed to Romeo's outdoor "field-bed." Highlights Romeo's reckless devotion.

    29. The ape is dead, and I must conjure him. 815I conjure thee by Rosaline's bright eyes, By her high forehead and her scarlet lip, By her fine foot, straight leg and quivering thigh And the demesnes that there adjacent lie,

      Sexual Innuendo: Mercutio lists her physical features suggestively, mocking Romeo's past lust

    30. Mercutio. Nay, I'll conjure too. 805Romeo! humours! madman! passion! lover! Appear thou in the likeness of a sigh: Speak but one rhyme, and I am satisfied; Cry but 'Ay me!' pronounce but 'love' and 'dove;' Speak to my gossip Venus one fair word, 810One nick-name for her purblind son and heir, Young Adam Cupid, he that shot so trim, When King Cophetua loved the beggar-maid! He heareth not, he stirreth not, he moveth not; The ape is dead, and I must conjure him. 815I conjure thee by Rosaline's bright eyes, By her high forehead and her scarlet lip, By her fine foot, straight leg and quivering thigh And the demesnes that there adjacent lie, That in thy likeness thou appear to us!

      Mockery: Mercutio humorously calls for Romeo using love clichés and Rosaline's body parts. Shows he doesn't understand true love.

    31. Romeo. Can I go forward when my heart is here? Turn back, dull earth, and find thy centre out.

      Metaphor: His heart (Juliet) is with the Capulets, so he can't leave. Shows total devotion.

    1. Nurse. Hie to your chamber: I'll find Romeo To comfort you: I wot well where he is. Hark ye, your Romeo will be here at night: I'll to him; he is hid at Laurence' cell.

      Plot: Nurse will find Romeo at Friar Laurence’s cell and bring a ring—a symbol of reunion.

    2. He made you for a highway to my bed; But I, a maid, die maiden-widowed. Come, cords, come, nurse; I'll to my wedding-bed; 1860And death, not Romeo, take my maidenhead!

      Symbolism: The ropes were for their wedding night. Now they’re useless.

    3. 'Romeo is banished,' to speak that word, Is father, mother, Tybalt, Romeo, Juliet, All slain, all dead. 'Romeo is banished!' There is no end, no limit, measure, bound, In that word's death; no words can that woe sound.

      Emotion: Juliet feels this word kills her whole world (family, love, herself).

    4. Some word there was, worser than Tybalt's death, That murder'd me: I would forget it fain; But, O, it presses to my memory, Like damned guilty deeds to sinners' minds: 1835'Tybalt is dead, and Romeo—banished;' That 'banished,' that one word 'banished,' Hath slain ten thousand Tybalts. Tybalt's death Was woe enough, if it had ended there:

      Theme: Exile is a living death. She’d rather have Romeo dead than gone.

    5. But, wherefore, villain, didst thou kill my cousin? That villain cousin would have kill'd my husband: 1825Back, foolish tears, back to your native spring; Your tributary drops belong to woe, Which you, mistaking, offer up to joy. My husband lives, that Tybalt would have slain; And Tybalt's dead, that would have slain my husband:

      She realizes Tybalt would have killed Romeo. This comforts her.

    6. Nurse. I saw the wound, I saw it with mine eyes,— God save the mark!—here on his manly breast: 1775A piteous corse, a bloody piteous corse; Pale, pale as ashes, all bedaub'd in blood, All in gore-blood; I swounded at the sight.

      Imagery: Graphic description of Tybalt’s body. Adds to the horror.

    7. This torture should be roar'd in dismal hell. Hath Romeo slain himself? say thou but 'I,' And that bare vowel 'I' shall poison more Than the death-darting eye of cockatrice: I am not I, if there be such an I; 1770Or those eyes shut, that make thee answer 'I.' If he be slain, say 'I'; or if not, no: Brief sounds determine of my weal or woe.

      Juliet thinks Romeo killed himself. She’s frantic and heartbroken.

    8. Nurse. Ah, well-a-day! he's dead, he's dead, he's dead!

      Dramatic Irony: Nurse says “he’s dead” but doesn’t say who. Juliet thinks it’s Romeo.

    9. Not yet enjoy'd: so tedious is this day As is the night before some festival To an impatient child that hath new robes

      Simile: Waiting for Romeo is like a child waiting to wear new clothes. Shows her youth.

    10. Take him and cut him out in little stars,

      Metaphor: Juliet says if Romeo dies, she’d make him into stars so everyone loves night. Ironically, he will die.

    11. Prince Escalus. And for that offence 1705Immediately we do exile him hence:

      Plot: Prince exiles Romeo instead of death. This is “mercy” but will cause more problems.

    12. Juliet. Gallop apace, you fiery-footed steeds, Towards Phoebus' lodging: such a wagoner 1720As Phaethon would whip you to the west, And bring in cloudy night immediately.

      Juliet can’t wait for night so Romeo can come. She’s passionate and eager.

    13. Prince Escalus. And for that offence 1705Immediately we do exile him hence:

      Plot: Prince exiles Romeo instead of death. This is “mercy” but will cause more problems.

    14. Benvolio. Tybalt, here slain, whom Romeo's hand did slay; Romeo that spoke him fair, bade him bethink 1670How nice the quarrel was, and urged withal Your high displeasure: all this uttered With gentle breath, calm look, knees humbly bow'd, Could not take truce with the unruly spleen Of Tybalt deaf to peace, but that he tilts 1675With piercing steel at bold Mercutio's breast, Who all as hot, turns deadly point to point, And, with a martial scorn, with one hand beats Cold death aside, and with the other sends It back to Tybalt, whose dexterity, 1680Retorts it: Romeo he cries aloud, 'Hold, friends! friends, part!' and, swifter than his tongue, His agile arm beats down their fatal points, And 'twixt them rushes; underneath whose arm 1685An envious thrust from Tybalt hit the life Of stout Mercutio, and then Tybalt fled; But by and by comes back to Romeo, Who had but newly entertain'd revenge, And to 't they go like lightning, for, ere I 1690Could draw to part them, was stout Tybalt slain. And, as he fell, did Romeo turn and fly. This is the truth, or let Benvolio die.

      Plot: Benvolio tells the truth about the fight, defending Romeo.

    15. Benvolio. O noble prince, I can discover all The unlucky manage of this fatal brawl: 1660There lies the man, slain by young Romeo, That slew thy kinsman, brave Mercutio.

      Plot: Benvolio tells the truth about the fight, defending Romeo.

    16. Staying for thine to keep him company: Either thou, or I, or both, must go with him. Tybalt. Thou, wretched boy, that didst consort him here, Shalt with him hence. 1640 Romeo. This shall determine that. [They fight; TYBALT falls]

      Plot: Romeo kills Tybalt in a duel. Now he’s a murderer.

    17. Romeo. Alive, in triumph! and Mercutio slain! 1630Away to heaven, respective lenity, And fire-eyed fury be my conduct now!

      Romeo switches from peace to fury. He wants revenge for Mercutio

    18. Romeo. This gentleman, the prince's near ally, My very friend, hath got his mortal hurt In my behalf; my reputation stain'd With Tybalt's slander,—Tybalt, that an hour Hath been my kinsman! O sweet Juliet, 1620Thy beauty hath made me effeminate And in my temper soften'd valour's steel!

      Romeo feels responsible and thinks love made him weak (“effeminate”).

    19. rogue, a villain, that fights by the book of arithmetic! Why the devil came you between us? I was hurt under your arm.

      Tragedy: Mercutio says Romeo got in the way. This guilt will haunt Romeo.

    20. Mercutio. No, 'tis not so deep as a well, nor so wide as a church-door; but 'tis enough,'twill serve: ask for me to-morrow, and you shall find me a grave man.

      Even dying, Mercutio makes puns (“grave man”). Shows his wit and bravery.

    21. [TYBALT under ROMEO's arm stabs MERCUTIO, and flies with his followers] Mercutio. I am hurt.

      Plot: The fatal moment. Romeo’s interference accidentally gets Mercutio killed.

    22. Mercutio. Good king of cats, nothing but one of your nine lives; that I mean to make bold withal, and as you shall use me hereafter, drybeat the rest of the eight. Will you pluck your sword out of his pitcher by the ears? make haste, lest mine be about your 1580ears ere it be out.

      Mercutio calls Tybalt “king of cats” (mockery) and challenges him to fight.

    23. Romeo. Tybalt, the reason that I have to love thee 1560Doth much excuse the appertaining rage To such a greeting: villain am I none; Therefore farewell; I see thou know'st me not.

      Plot: Romeo secretly loves Tybalt now (he’s family through Juliet). He refuses to fight.

    24. Tybalt. Mercutio, thou consort'st with Romeo,—

      Pun: Tybalt says “consort’st” (associate). Mercutio pretends it means “musician” and threatens with his “fiddlestick” (sword).

    25. Mercutio. And but one word with one of us? couple it with something; make it a word and a blow.

      Wordplay: “A word and a blow” means talk then fight. Mercutio is looking for a fight.

    26. Mercutio. Nay, an there were two such, we should have none shortly, for one would kill the other. Thou! why, thou wilt quarrel with a man that hath a hair more, 1515or a hair less, in his beard, than thou hast: thou wilt quarrel with a man for cracking nuts, having no other reason but because thou hast hazel eyes: what eye but such an eye would spy out such a quarrel? Thy head is as fun of quarrels as an egg is full of 1520meat, and yet thy head hath been beaten as addle as an egg for quarrelling: thou hast quarrelled with a man for coughing in the street, because he hath wakened thy dog that hath lain asleep in the sun: didst thou not fall out with a tailor for wearing 1525his new doublet before Easter? with another, for tying his new shoes with old riband? and yet thou wilt tutor me from quarrelling!

      Mercutio’s exaggeration. Hyperbole: Mercutio claims Benvolio would fight over anything, even a cough or someone’s shoes. This is funny exaggeration.

    27. Mercutio. Thou art like one of those fellows that when he enters the confines of a tavern claps me his sword upon the table and says 'God send me no need of 1505thee!' and by the operation of the second cup draws it on the drawer, when indeed there is no need. Benvolio. Am I like such a fellow? Mercutio. Come, come, thou art as hot a Jack in thy mood as any in Italy, and as soon moved to be moody, and as 1510soon moody to be moved.

      Mercutio mocks Benvolio. Mercutio jokes that Benvolio is quick to fight. He’s teasing, showing his playful, sarcastic side.

    28. Benvolio. I pray thee, good Mercutio, let's retire: The day is hot, the Capulets abroad, 1500And, if we meet, we shall not scape a brawl; For now, these hot days, is the mad blood stirring.

      Benvolio is the peacekeeper. He wants to avoid a fight because it's hot and people are angry (“mad blood stirring”).

    1. Prince Escalus. Seal up the mouth of outrage for a while, 3190Till we can clear these ambiguities, And know their spring, their head, their true descent; And then will I be general of your woes,

      Prince longs for settlement of the feud between the Capulets and the Montagues.

    2. Prince Escalus. A glooming peace this morning with it brings; The sun, for sorrow, will not show his head: Go hence, to have more talk of these sad things; Some shall be pardon'd, and some punished: For never was a story of more woe 3285Than this of Juliet and her Romeo.

      Conclusion. Prince's final words: "A glooming peace" - a sad peace comes. The Prince says this is the saddest story ever.

    3. Capulet. O brother Montague, give me thy hand: This is my daughter's jointure, for no more Can I demand. Montague. But I can give thee more: For I will raise her statue in pure gold; 3275That while Verona by that name is known, There shall no figure at such rate be set As that of true and faithful Juliet.

      Theme of Resolution. The two families finally make peace. The Capulets and Montagues end their feud. They'll build gold statues of Romeo and Juliet.

    4. Prince Escalus. This letter doth make good the friar's words, Their course of love, the tidings of her death: And here he writes that he did buy a poison Of a poor 'pothecary, and therewithal Came to this vault to die, and lie with Juliet. 3265Where be these enemies? Capulet! Montague! See, what a scourge is laid upon your hate, That heaven finds means to kill your joys with love. And I for winking at your discords too Have lost a brace of kinsmen: all are punish'd.

      Theme of conflict between the Capulets and the Montagues. Prince blames the two families. The feud caused all the deaths. "Heaven finds means to kill your joys with love."

    5. Page. He came with flowers to strew his lady's grave; And bid me stand aloof, and so I did: Anon comes one with light to ope the tomb; And by and by my master drew on him; And then I ran away to call the watch.

      Plot: Page's story. The page explains Paris was just mourning when Romeo arrived.

    6. Balthasar. I brought my master news of Juliet's death; And then in post he came from Mantua To this same place, to this same monument. This letter he early bid me give his father, 3250And threatened me with death, going in the vault, I departed not and left him there.

      Plot: Balthasar's story. Balthasar confirms he told Romeo Juliet was dead.

    7. Friar Laurence. I will be brief, for my short date of breath Is not so long as is a tedious tale. 3205Romeo, there dead, was husband to that Juliet; And she, there dead, that Romeo's faithful wife: I married them; and their stol'n marriage-day Was Tybalt's dooms-day, whose untimely death Banish'd the new-made bridegroom from the city, 3210For whom, and not for Tybalt, Juliet pined. You, to remove that siege of grief from her, Betroth'd and would have married her perforce To County Paris: then comes she to me, And, with wild looks, bid me devise some mean 3215To rid her from this second marriage, Or in my cell there would she kill herself. Then gave I her, so tutor'd by my art, A sleeping potion; which so took effect As I intended, for it wrought on her 3220The form of death: meantime I writ to Romeo, That he should hither come as this dire night, To help to take her from her borrow'd grave, Being the time the potion's force should cease. But he which bore my letter, Friar John, 3225Was stay'd by accident, and yesternight Return'd my letter back. Then all alone At the prefixed hour of her waking, Came I to take her from her kindred's vault; Meaning to keep her closely at my cell, 3230Till I conveniently could send to Romeo: But when I came, some minute ere the time Of her awaking, here untimely lay The noble Paris and true Romeo dead. She wakes; and I entreated her come forth, 3235And bear this work of heaven with patience: But then a noise did scare me from the tomb; And she, too desperate, would not go with me, But, as it seems, did violence on herself. All this I know; and to the marriage

      Plot Summary: Friar explains everything: the marriage, the potion plan, the failed letter.

    8. Friar Laurence. I am the greatest, able to do least, Yet most suspected, as the time and place Doth make against me of this direful murder; 3200And here I stand, both to impeach and purge Myself condemned and myself excused.

      Friar admits he's involved but will explain.

    9. Capulet. O heavens! O wife, look how our daughter bleeds! 3175This dagger hath mista'en—for, lo, his house Is empty on the back of Montague,— And it mis-sheathed in my daughter's bosom!

      Discovery: Capulet realizes Juliet stabbed herself with a Montague dagger.

    10. Capulet. What should it be, that they so shriek abroad? Lady Capulet. The people in the street cry Romeo, Some Juliet, and some Paris; and all run, 3165With open outcry toward our monument.

      Plot: The Capulets arrive hearing rumors about the sudden death of Romeo, Juliet and Paris.

    11. Third Watchman. Here is a friar, that trembles, sighs and weeps: 3155We took this mattock and this spade from him, As he was coming from this churchyard side.

      Plot: The Friar is captured with tools from the tomb.

    12. First Watchman. The ground is bloody; search about the churchyard: Go, some of you, whoe'er you find attach. Pitiful sight! here lies the county slain, And Juliet bleeding, warm, and newly dead, Who here hath lain these two days buried.

      Plot: The Watch discovers all three bodies.

    13. Juliet. Yea, noise? then I'll be brief. O happy dagger! [Snatching ROMEO's dagger] This is thy sheath; 3135[Stabs herself]

      Plot: Juliet uses Romeo's dagger to kill herself.

    14. What's here? a cup, closed in my true love's hand? Poison, I see, hath been his timeless end: 3125O churl! drunk all, and left no friendly drop

      Plot: Juliet sees Romeo dead with the poison cup.

    15. Friar Laurence. I hear some noise. Lady, come from that nest Of death, contagion, and unnatural sleep: A greater power than we can contradict Hath thwarted our intents. Come, come away. Thy husband in thy bosom there lies dead; 3115And Paris too. Come, I'll dispose of thee Among a sisterhood of holy nuns:

      Friar panics. He wants Juliet to become a nun to hide her.

    16. [JULIET wakes] Juliet. O comfortable friar! where is my lord? I do remember well where I should be, And there I am. Where is my Romeo?

      Plot: Juliet wakes up right after Romeo dies.

    17. Balthasar. Here's one, a friend, and one that knows you well. Friar Laurence. Bliss be upon you! Tell me, good my friend, 3075What torch is yond, that vainly lends his light To grubs and eyeless skulls? as I discern, It burneth in the Capel's monument. Balthasar. It doth so, holy sir; and there's my master, One that you love.

      Plot: Balthasar reveals Romeo is in the tomb.

    18. Here's to my love! 3065[Drinks] O true apothecary! Thy drugs are quick. Thus with a kiss I die. [Dies]

      Plot: Romeo drinks poison and dies with a kiss because he truly loved Juliet to death.

    19. A dateless bargain to engrossing death! Come, bitter conduct, come, unsavoury guide! Thou desperate pilot, now at once run on The dashing rocks thy sea-sick weary bark!

      Metaphor: Poison is a "pilot" guiding his "ship" (life) to destruction.

    20. That unsubstantial death is amorous, And that the lean abhorred monster keeps 3050Thee here in dark to be his paramour?

      Personification: Romeo thinks Death keeps Juliet beautiful because he is in love with her.

    21. Tybalt, liest thou there in thy bloody sheet? O, what more favour can I do to thee, Than with that hand that cut thy youth in twain 3045To sunder his that was thine enemy?

      Romeo sees Tybalt. Romeo asks Tybalt for forgiveness. He's not angry anymore.

    22. Call this a lightning? O my love! my wife! Death, that hath suck'd the honey of thy breath, Hath had no power yet upon thy beauty: Thou art not conquer'd; beauty's ensign yet 3040Is crimson in thy lips and in thy cheeks, And death's pale flag is not advanced there.

      Imagery: Juliet's lips and cheeks are still red, not pale like death.

    23. A grave? O no! a lantern, slaughter'd youth, For here lies Juliet, and her beauty makes 3030This vault a feasting presence full of light.

      Metaphor: Romeo says Juliet's beauty makes the dark tomb bright like a lantern-lit party hall.

    24. To think it was so? O, give me thy hand, One writ with me in sour misfortune's book!

      Theme: Both Romeo and Paris are victims of bad luck/fate.

    25. Paris. O, I am slain! [Falls] 3015If thou be merciful, Open the tomb, lay me with Juliet.

      Paris's dying wish. Paris asks to be laid next to Juliet. He loved her until the end.

    26. Romeo. I must indeed; and therefore came I hither. Good gentle youth, tempt not a desperate man; Fly hence, and leave me: think upon these gone; 3000Let them affright thee. I beseech thee, youth, Put not another sin upon my head, By urging me to fury: O, be gone! By heaven, I love thee better than myself; For I come hither arm'd against myself: 3005Stay not, be gone; live, and hereafter say, A madman's mercy bade thee run away.

      Romeo warns Paris. Romeo does not want to fight. He warns Paris that he is desperate and armed against himself.

    27. Can vengeance be pursued further than death?

      Theme of vengeance: Can you hate someone after they're dead? Paris wants to punish Romeo even after Tybalt's death.

    28. Paris. This is that banish'd haughty Montague, That murder'd my love's cousin, with which grief, It is supposed, the fair creature died; 2990And here is come to do some villanous shame To the dead bodies: I will apprehend him.

      Paris confronts Romeo because of misunderstanding: Paris thinks Romeo is there to destroy the dead bodies including Juliet's body.

    29. Romeo. Thou detestable maw, thou womb of death, Gorged with the dearest morsel of the earth, Thus I enforce thy rotten jaws to open, 2985And, in despite, I'll cram thee with more food!

      Metaphor: Romeo talks to the tomb like it is an hungry monster that ate Juliet.

    30. Give me the light: upon thy life, I charge thee, Whate'er thou hear'st or seest, stand all aloof, And do not interrupt me in my course. Why I descend into this bed of death, 2965Is partly to behold my lady's face; But chiefly to take thence from her dead finger A precious ring, a ring that I must use In dear employment: therefore hence, be gone: But if thou, jealous, dost return to pry 2970In what I further shall intend to do, By heaven, I will tear thee joint by joint And strew this hungry churchyard with thy limbs: The time and my intents are savage-wild, More fierce and more inexorable far 2975Than empty tigers or the roaring sea.

      Romeo threatens Balthasar. Romeo is desperate and violent. He threatens to tear Balthasar apart if he follows.

    31. Romeo. Give me that mattock and the wrenching iron. Hold, take this letter; early in the morning 2960See thou deliver it to my lord and father. Give me the light: upon thy life, I charge thee, Whate'er thou hear'st or seest, stand all aloof, And do not interrupt me in my course. Why I descend into this bed of death,

      Plot: Romeo has a crowbar (mattock) to open the tomb.

    32. Hold, take this letter; early in the morning 2960See thou deliver it to my lord and father.

      Plot: Romeo writes a letter to his father explaining everything.

    33. Paris. Sweet flower, with flowers thy bridal bed I strew,— O woe! thy canopy is dust and stones;— Which with sweet water nightly I will dew, Or, wanting that, with tears distill'd by moans: The obsequies that I for thee will keep 2950Nightly shall be to strew thy grave and weep.

      Paris's love for Juliet was genuine.

    34. Paris. Sweet flower, with flowers thy bridal bed I strew,— O woe! thy canopy is dust and stones;— Which with sweet water nightly I will dew, Or, wanting that, with tears distill'd by moans: The obsequies that I for thee will keep 2950Nightly shall be to strew thy grave and weep.

      Paris's grief: Paris truly loved Juliet. He visits her grave every night with flowers and tears.

    35. Page. [Aside] I am almost afraid to stand alone Here in the churchyard; yet I will adventure.

      Setting: Page is scared. The churchyard at night is scary.

    36. Paris. Give me thy torch, boy: hence, and stand aloof: Yet put it out, for I would not be seen. 2935Under yond yew-trees lay thee all along, Holding thine ear close to the hollow ground; So shall no foot upon the churchyard tread, Being loose, unfirm, with digging up of graves, But thou shalt hear it: whistle then to me, 2940As signal that thou hear'st something approach. Give me those flowers. Do as I bid thee, go.

      Paris at the tomb: Paris is mourning Juliet. He's being secretive.

    37. Friar Laurence. Now must I to the monument alone; 2925Within three hours will fair Juliet wake: She will beshrew me much that Romeo Hath had no notice of these accidents;

      Friar's new plan. Friar Laurence takes action. He'll go get Juliet himself since Romeo doesn't know the truth.

    38. The letter was not nice but full of charge Of dear import, and the neglecting it May do much danger. Friar John, go hence; 2920Get me an iron crow, and bring it straight Unto my cell.

      Plot: The important letter. The letter explained Juliet wasn't really dead.

    39. Here in this city visiting the sick, And finding him, the searchers of the town, Suspecting that we both were in a house Where the infectious pestilence did reign, 2910Seal'd up the doors, and would not let us forth; So that my speed to Mantua there was stay'd.

      Plot Device: Friar John was quarantined because of plague fears. He couldn't deliver the letter.

    40. Come, cordial and not poison, go with me To Juliet's grave; for there must I use thee.

      Irony: Romeo calls the poison a "cordial" (medicine) because he believes it will reunite him with Juliet in death.

    41. Romeo. There is thy gold, worse poison to men's souls, Doing more murders in this loathsome world, Than these poor compounds that thou mayst not sell. I sell thee poison; thou hast sold me none. Farewell: buy food, and get thyself in flesh.

      Romeo's speech about gold. Theme: Money is worse than poison. Gold causes more evil in the world.

    42. Apothecary. My poverty, but not my will, consents.

      The apothecary only agrees because he's poor, not because he wants to since the law of Mantua forbids selling poison.

    43. Romeo. Art thou so bare and full of wretchedness, And fear'st to die? famine is in thy cheeks, 2880Need and oppression starveth in thine eyes, Contempt and beggary hangs upon thy back; The world is not thy friend nor the world's law; The world affords no law to make thee rich; Then be not poor, but break it, and take this.

      Romeo convinces the apothecary with the following argument. He says, since apothecary is so poor and starving, he should break the law for money.

    44. Apothecary. Such mortal drugs I have; but Mantua's law Is death to any he that utters them.

      Setting and the law then: Selling poison is punishable by death in Mantua.

    45. Romeo. Come hither, man. I see that thou art poor: Hold, there is forty ducats: let me have 2870A dram of poison, such soon-speeding gear As will disperse itself through all the veins That the life-weary taker may fall dead And that the trunk may be discharged of breath As violently as hasty powder fired 2875Doth hurry from the fatal cannon's womb.

      Romeo bribes the poor Apothecary with 40 ducats, which was lot of money during that time.

    46. 'An if a man did need a poison now, Whose sale is present death in Mantua, 2860Here lives a caitiff wretch would sell it him.' O, this same thought did but forerun my need;

      Plot: Romeo remembers a poor man who sells poison, which is illegal in Mantua.

    47. I do remember an apothecary,— And hereabouts he dwells,—which late I noted In tatter'd weeds, with overwhelming brows, Culling of simples; meagre were his looks, Sharp misery had worn him to the bones: 2850And in his needy shop a tortoise hung, An alligator stuff'd, and other skins Of ill-shaped fishes; and about his shelves A beggarly account of empty boxes, Green earthen pots, bladders and musty seeds, 2855Remnants of packthread and old cakes of roses, Were thinly scatter'd, to make up a show.

      Imagery: Shakespeare describes a poor, dirty shop with strange items. It shows poverty in that place.

    48. Well, Juliet, I will lie with thee to-night.

      Double Meaning: "Lie with" means both sleep next to and have sex with. He plans to die next to Juliet.

    49. Thou know'st my lodging: get me ink and paper, And hire post-horses; I will hence to-night.

      Romeo's plan: Romeo acts quickly. He decides to return to Verona immediately.

    50. Balthasar. Then she is well, and nothing can be ill: Her body sleeps in Capel's monument, And her immortal part with angels lives. 2825I saw her laid low in her kindred's vault, And presently took post to tell it you:

      Plot: Balthasar tells Romeo Juliet is dead. He saw her put in the Capulet tomb.

    51. I dreamt my lady came and found me dead— 2810Strange dream, that gives a dead man leave to think!— And breathed such life with kisses in my lips, That I revived, and was an emperor.

      Foreshadow: Romeo dreamed Juliet found him dead and kissed him back to life. This is ironic because she will find him dead soon.

    52. My dreams presage some joyful news at hand: My bosom's lord sits lightly in his throne; And all this day an unaccustom'd spirit Lifts me above the ground with cheerful thoughts.

      Romeo is hopeful. He had a good dream and feels happy for the first time.

    1. In thy best robes uncover'd on the bier Thou shalt be borne to that same ancient vault Where all the kindred of the Capulets lie.

      Plot: She'll be put in the Capulet family tomb.

    2. The horrible conceit of death and night, Together with the terror of the place,— 2590As in a vault, an ancient receptacle, Where, for these many hundred years, the bones Of all my buried ancestors are packed: Where bloody Tybalt, yet but green in earth, Lies festering in his shroud; where, as they say, 2595At some hours in the night spirits resort;— Alack, alack, is it not like that I, So early waking, what with loathsome smells, And shrieks like mandrakes' torn out of the earth, That living mortals, hearing them, run mad:— 2600O, if I wake, shall I not be distraught, Environed with all these hideous fears? And madly play with my forefather's joints? And pluck the mangled Tybalt from his shroud? And, in this rage, with some great kinsman's bone, 2605As with a club, dash out my desperate brains?

      Gothic Horror: She imagines Tybalt's rotting body, ghosts, bones, and going mad.

    3. How if, when I am laid into the tomb, I wake before the time that Romeo Come to redeem me? there's a fearful point! Shall I not, then, be stifled in the vault, 2585To whose foul mouth no healthsome air breathes in, And there die strangled ere my Romeo comes?

      Imagery: Juliet imagines waking in the tomb early and suffocating.

    4. I wake before the time that Romeo Come to redeem me? there's a fearful point! Shall I not, then, be stifled in the vault, 2585To whose foul mouth no healthsome air breathes in, And there die strangled ere my Romeo comes?

      Imagery: Juliet imagines waking in the tomb early and suffocating.

    5. What if it be a poison, which the friar Subtly hath minister'd to have me dead, Lest in this marriage he should be dishonour'd, Because he married me before to Romeo?

      Paranoia: Juliet worries the Friar poisoned her to hide his mistake.

    6. Nurse! What should she do here? My dismal scene I needs must act alone.

      Metaphor: Life is a play, and this is her sad scene. She has no help.