103 Matching Annotations
  1. Jan 2023
    1. The issue of voting leads us onto the next statement that can be safely made about Solzhenitsyn: he was no believer in democracy. ‘The truth,’ he once declared, ‘cannot be determined by voting, since the majority does not necessarily have any deeper insight into the truth.’ The idea of ‘universal and equal suffrage’, he wrote in Rebuilding Russia, clashed with ‘the tremendous inequality among individuals in terms of their talents, their contribution to society, their ages, their life experience’.

      also the inherent drawback of democracy

    1. 随着白俄流亡家庭融入了各自所生活的西方社会,流亡白俄所代表的自由西化的俄国精神彻底消散了。这一西化传统最远可追溯到彼得大帝和东正教。俄罗斯帝国200年的历程中通过宗教交流、外语学习、通婚、资本流动、旅行、翻译、文学创作、政党和议会运作,俄国才初步成为欧洲文化家庭中的一员。

      远到我们谈起俄罗斯的时候,还容易遗忘,彼得大帝也是向欧洲主动靠拢和学习来让俄罗斯变得强盛的。

    2. 白俄融入西方社会有天然的优势,因为他们是旧帝国西化和自由精神的继承人。俄罗斯文化本就源自西方,俄国文化就是带有一些俄罗斯地方特色的欧洲文化。旧帝国的精英阶层从小接受法语、英语和德语教育,只有淳朴的乡下农民才只讲俄语。

      从经济基础来看,这些文化也是他们所处的阶层的文化特点,所以白俄的存在,是一个中产阶级的必然,即使是沙皇俄国的时代,这个阶层也依然足够产生丰富的文化来滋养这个流亡海外的俄国。

  2. Oct 2022
    1. Chinese glassmaking likely evolved as an attempt to imitate glass imported from Europe and the Middle East. Archeologists find few sites of glassmaking in China.

      因为没有像中东和欧洲那样的大规模交流和继承,古中国的玻璃制作技术进步非常慢,从而让陶瓷先占据了主要市场

    2. In Europe glass was used in windows and lanterns, but the Chinese used paper for this purpose.

      在窗户材料选择上,欧洲使用玻璃而中国使用纸。

    3. Why were the Japanese the first to build a large electronics industry based on the transistor, despite the Americans inventing it? Because the US already had a large vacuum tube industry. The vacuum tube was like the bronze of the electronics industry. The transistor was like the iron. Despite having far more promise, it was at an early stage. However, that mattered little to the Japanese, which lacked a sophisticated vacuum tube industry.

      因为没有铜可以使用而发展铁,没有真空管而发展半导体,弱势一方反而有更强的突破和创新的决心和动力

    1. In all, 65% of the Central Committee was replaced in 2017, the most since at least 1992. The Politburo also saw two-thirds of its members replaced.

      第二任期这个比例非常惊人了

    2. The 33 cadres removed from the Central Committee during Xi's first five years in power was by far the most during the three-decade period reviewed by Bloomberg.

      中央委员会 (central committee) 共约两百人,第一任期仅换掉 33 人

    1. Quiet quitting is a feature of privilege. Advocates discuss such forms of quiet quitting as not answering Slack messages after 5 p.m.—but that already indicates their advantages. How many minimum-wage workers even know what Slack messages are? How many minimum-wage workers have the privilege of stopping work at 5?

      quit quitting 是白领的特权

  3. Sep 2022
    1. The country has been dominated by Assad's Alawite community, an offshoot of Shiite Islam that makes up about 10 percent of the population. Sunni Arabs are the majority at 65 percent, while the Kurds, also Sunnis, are 15 percent, according to Syria expert Fabrice Balanche, who directs the French research center GREMMO.

      只占 10% 人口的阿拉维派掌握着叙利亚政权

    1. You must realize that, after reaching a certain age, you are no longer viewed as a person. You become an institution, and you are treated the way institutions are treated. You are expected to behave like a piece of period furniture, an architectural landmark, or an incunabulum. It matters little whether you keep publishing or not. If your papers are no good, they will say, "What did you expect? He is a fixture!" and if an occasional paper of yours is found to be interesting, they will say, "What did you expect? He has been working at this all his life!" The only sensible response is to enjoy playing your newly-found role as an institution.

      I‘ve considering this many times when i was young, when I deeply considering what 'occupation' means for a person. Like it literally means, a job or a career occupied a major part of your life making other possbilities faded away from your life. This becomes more and more obvious with your growing and investing more time and energy into 1 field. And simutenously you're becoming mroe and more narrow in a very single field. Is that a good thing ? we should say for a natural person it's not. Our human nature propels us to go after diversity in life, yet our life if limited and most of us are not genius, which means we have to spend most of our time and energy to really achive something valuable instead of just repeating others. This is the truth. And when you become older and older, you are the expert of your field. Then you become a fixture in others' eyes. Whatever you're fixed in a power or a group of idea. You're just fixed. That's your destiny and also your payoff for you life-long investment into that field.

    2. When slides are used instead of the blackboard, the speaker should spend some time explaining each slide, preferably by adding sentences that are inessential, repetitive or superfluous, so as to allow any member of the audience time to copy our slide. We all fall prey to the illusion that a listener will find the time to read the copy of the slides we hand them after the lecture. This is wishful thinking.

      与我所经历的情况相符,极少有人在听完演讲后会去看他们拷走的PPT,所以如果真的有重要的信息,一定要在现场传递清楚(为了这一点,一定要凝练信息点),而不要期望听众事后去查看。

    3. Most of the time they admit that they have forgotten the subject of the course, and all the mathematics I thought I had taught them. However, they will gladly recall some joke, some anecdote, some quirk, some side remark, or some mistake I made.

      哪里的学生(或者听众)都一样,课堂上的技术、算法、知识等都容易被忘掉,但课堂上的精彩玩笑、演讲者的怪癖和口误等却记忆犹新

    4. Every lecture should state one main point and repeat it over and over, like a theme with variations.

      always remember that dont be greedy to try stating more than one main point in 1 lecture or 1 article.

    1. In parallel, King Salman reorganized the Council of Ministers; only Salman remains as a second-generation prince, and various princes were replaced either by technocrats or younger princes with no power base of their own (Rundell, 2021Rundell, D. (2021). Vision or mirage: Saudi Arabia at the crossroads. (I.B. Tauris. ). [Google Scholar]).

      确保自己的继任权

    1. “欧洲大陆的命运绝不能由单独的某个大国主导,而应以多国协商的方式处置”——美国国务卿马歇尔1948年4月就英美在西柏林的地位问题对苏联喊话

      这是美国统治世界的方式:在任何一个地区,都不允许一个绝对主导性的大国出现,而是保持其多种力量的平衡,从而让美国可以以一个超然的仲裁者身份在其中游刃有余。

    1. In 2021, The Guardian wrote despite Saudi Arabia's commitment to diversify its economy, the government was still 75% dependent on oil exports for its budget.

      和我之前在 OEC 看到的数据预估一致。

    1. So the countries that use lots more robots in manufacturing than we do are actually managing to put more human beings to work in manufacturing.

      数据上看的确如此,这也是一个非常反直觉的现象

    2. But in fact, for the last decade or so, wages at the low end of the distribution (1st and 2nd quartiles) have been outpacing wages at the high end:

      大概是因为美国工人有工会的保护,不知道中国的数据如果统计出来会是什么样

  4. Aug 2022
    1. When the cancer cells closely resemble normal cells of the organ where they start, the cancer is called well differentiated. When the cells do not look much like normal cells, the cancers are called poorly differentiated. Cancers of unknown primary are often poorly differentiated.

      原发位不明的癌症,往往都是分化不良的

  5. Jul 2022
    1. Volume contrast imaging is a new ultrasonographic method that increases the contrast between tissues. It consists of a 5- to 10-mm-thick slice-shaped volume image projected on a 2-dimensional screen. The rendering process applied on the slice smoothens the speckle pattern of the image by filling up the gaps with tissue information from the adjacent layers.

      VCI 给普通的B超图像增加一定的厚度,让图像显示出一定的3D效果,从而增强组织之间的边界对比度。

    1. Power Doppler sonography is a new technique that displays the strength of the Doppler signal in color, rather than the speed and direction information. It has three times the sensitivity of conventional color Doppler for detection of flow and is particularly useful for small vessels and those with low-velocity flow. Power Doppler sonography shows potential for detecting areas of ischemia in the kidney, brain, and prepubertal testis and for demonstrating hyperemia in areas of inflammation.

      能量多普勒检测信号强度,在检测小器官和低速血流时比检测速度和方向的多普勒信号更敏感,可以检查组织缺血(ischemia)或者充血(hyperemia)状态。

    1. Healthcare professionals may sometimes use EKG to avoid confusion between ECGs and an electroencephalogram, or EEG, which is a test to measure brain waves.

      使用EKG,而不用英文单词的缩写(ECG),是为了避免和脑电图(electroencephalogram)混淆

    2. According to the United States National Library of Medicine’s MedlinePlus, the abbreviation EKG is based on the German spelling of electrocardiogram, which is elektrokardiogramm.

      心电图的缩写为什么是EKG,来源于德文单词

    1. The tracer travels through the bloodstream and is absorbed by the healthy heart muscle. On the scan, the areas where tracer has been absorbed look different from the areas that do not absorb it. Areas that are damaged or don't have good blood flow do not absorb the tracer. The damaged areas may be called “cold spots” or “defects.”

      Myocardial perfusion scan 心肌造影扫查中,健康的心肌会吸收一些造影剂,不能吸收的心肌段就会显现出来。

    1. Companies must have the SFDA approval in the form of a certificate for their entity and their products.

      SFDA 既有产品也有公司

    1. An expired AR will trouble the shipment clearance at the port so it is best to closely monitor its validity.

      AR 过期可能影响清关

    1. The ultrasound market is divided into many segments, including diagnostic and therapeutic ultrasound.

      诊断类超声依然是主流,治疗类超声里面的HIFU期望用于治疗癌症,但还在研究中,ESWL用于结石碎石治疗。

    1. Microbubble contrast materials can be targeted or untargeted. Untargeted contrast-enhanced ultrasound —the more common method— helps diagnose certain diseases by providing evaluation of blood flow in the heart and other organs. In targeted contrast-enhanced ultrasound, specific molecules are bound to the surface of the microbubbles. After injection, the microbubbles attach to specific targeted tissue sites, causing an increase in the ultrasound signal at the sites.

      有目标和无目标的造影,有目标的造影剂有特殊的分子结构,以便附着在指定的人体组织上。

    1. However, science and clinical experience show that the quality of food is much more important than the quantity

      对于减重来说,食物质量比卡路里总量更重要

    2. The most well-known type of intermittent fasting follows a 16:8 schedule, with a 16-hour fast and an eight-hour window for eating.
      • 跳过早餐的话,就食窗口是 12-20,也就是午餐+晚餐;
      • 跳过晚餐的话,就食窗口是 07-15,也就是早餐、午餐、下午茶;

      后一项感觉更合理一些,但晚上如何控制不吃是一个问题。

    3. When people have too much insulin, their cells start to resist the insulin and, in response, the body has to make more. We try to find strategies to decrease the amount of insulin the body makes, so we can improve insulin resistance.

      胰岛素过多也会导致胰岛素抗性增加,从而促使身体分泌更多胰岛素,造成更多脂肪累积。

    1. Because the researchers only measured inflammation levels after lunch, she says, “it’s possible that skipping breakfast increases inflammation at lunchtime but decreases it other times of the day.”

      不同的看法

    2. The researchers concluded that because chronic inflammation is known to affect insulin sensitivity, skipping breakfast could contribute to “metabolic impairment,” which could potentially raise the risk for obesity and type 2 diabetes.

      不吃早餐的确消耗了一些脂肪,但随之而来的慢性炎症和胰岛素抗性反而打破了身体的血糖动态平衡(glucose homeostasis),可能导致糖尿病,甚至是代谢综合征(metabolic syndrome)

    3. They found no difference in 24-hour glucose levels, insulin secretion or total physical activity between the three days. But glucose concentrations and markers of inflammation and insulin resistance were higher after lunch on breakfast-skipping days.

      不吃早餐的话,葡萄糖水平、胰岛素分泌都不受影响,但血糖浓度、炎症和胰岛素抗性等都会在午餐后提高到比平常更高水平。

    4. They found that people burned more calories over a 24-hour period when they extended their overnight fast by skipping either lunch (41 more calories) or dinner (91 more calories), compared with the three-meals-a-day schedule.

      fast 斋戒,绝食; 另外,结合上下文,这里第一个应该是跳过早餐,跳过早餐,多消耗41卡路里(大约160千焦),跳过晚餐,多消耗91卡路里(大约360千焦),并没有多很多,只是说聊胜于无,毕竟随便一杯酸奶或者冰淇淋就超过这个热量了。

  6. Jun 2022
    1. The machine, not knowing that the sound waves are traveling through fat, of course continues to assume that they are traveling at a speed of 1540m/s. Since the sound waves are in reality traveling slower than this, they take longer to get back to the transducer. Due to the relationship between distance and time, the machine displays this extra time taken as 0.77cm of additional depth.

      如果不使用 TSI 对每个组织的预设值,机器就默认其速度为1540m/s,因而在不同组织内的距离计算上产生误差。

    1. Hence, a piano based C‐note does not sound the same as a C‐note played on a guitar, due to the existence of harmonic frequencies. The same note from various instruments has different qualities because the sounds are not pure notes i.e. of one frequency and these integral multiples of the fundamental frequency (overtones) give an instrument its characteristic sound.

      钢琴和吉他上同样的声调和响度,但却不同的音色,就是因为谐波的存在。

    1. Microbubbles work by resonating in an ultrasound beam, rapidly contracting and expanding in response to the pressure changes of the sound wave. By a fortunate coincidence, they vibrate particularly strongly at the high frequencies used for diagnostic ultrasound imaging.

      微泡对超声强度变化很敏感,会随之扩大或缩小。

  7. May 2022
    1. 列宁此举让托洛茨基的死党苏联前外长越飞钦佩不已,1927年政治斗争失败的越飞在自杀时,曾写给托洛茨基一封信,信中他猛烈批评托洛茨基的软弱:“您终究不是伟大的伊里奇(列宁),您永远不敢像伊里奇那样主动施行最具争议行动,去履行必须完成的使命,这是你我今天走向毁灭的根本原因。”

      伟大领袖必须拥有执行争议性的决策的魄力和勇气

    1. 争议焦点:内部包含微量烟油的烟弹,到底算烟油出口还是烟弹

    1. 反向三角并购是最常见的并购交易结构之一,是指买方通过一个子公司收购目标公司的股票,子公司随后并入目标公司,交易后该子公司解散,目标公司存续,但变成买方的子公司。

      目标公司通过向买方发行股票来购买子公司的股票,完成对子公司的收购,同时也将自己的股份卖给了买方。

    1. 《管理办法》正式稿的另一重点是对电子烟口味的严格限制,规定了“禁止销售除烟草口味外的调味电子烟和可自行添加雾化物的电子烟”。

      这大概率意味着开放式的将不被允许在国内销售

    1. I should not have aggressively grown the company without a stronger plan. We should have just stuck to what we knew best and continued to build quirky, fun smartwatches for hackers.

      坚定做好自己本来熟悉的客群

    2. Pebble Time did not succeed because in a quest for huge growth we attempted to expand beyond our initial geeky/hacker user base and failed to reposition it — first as a productivity device, then as a fitness watch.

      超出自己本来的用户群体后的定位迷失

    1. What Walmart marketplace offers that Amazon lacks is their Listing Quality Dashboard tool. It provides powerful insights into metrics like discoverability, ratings, and post-purchase quality so you can make impactful improvements to drive more traffic and increase conversions. They also provide sellers with a comprehensive product listing guide. 

      Not up to date now, since amazon has this tool in seller central too.

    1. 战略定位:立足于电子信息产业高端服务业,面向电子信息产业提供涵盖产品、交易、技术、信息、数据和创新创业的全链条、全方位服务,以此构建丰富、独特的产业功能和价值,并逐步向产业链上下游延伸、拓展,立志成为电子信息产业高端服务业的引领者和拥有电子元器件设计、制造和销售完整产业链的虚拟或实体IDM集团。

      integrated device manufacturer 集成元件制造商

    Annotators

  8. Apr 2022
    1.   “个人参加个人养老金制度最直接的好处,就是可以享受国家税收优惠政策。”人社部养老保险司司长聂明隽说。

      税延效果

    1. 非业主增值服务是物管企业与房企更重要的纽带。汤晓晨告诉财新,物管企业通常会帮助房企销售新房,甚至包销车位;帮助地产商设计户型图纸;承接新房交付的全流程服务,包括两年质保期内的维修业务等。  “在关联企业之间,这些业务如何定价,弹性空间非常大。”前述房企高管称。

      现有的上市物业企业无法通过业主的物业费独立生存,事实上是仰赖房企通过各种增值服务输血。

    2. “物业费受到政府限价管控,毛利率很低,小区物管通常还需要房企给予补贴”。

      这不是健康的物业发展状态,物业作为持续提供服务的企业,要让其真正向业主负责,物业费必须成为可以支持持续经营的收入来源。

    1. the pivotal role that chief executives play in setting a clear direction, aligning the organization, managing stakeholders, and serving as “motivator in chief.”

      组织目标对齐,利益相关方管理,团队激励,是CEO最重要的三项职能

    1. “从SWIFT的地位来看,各国要离开SWIFT独立打造和运营新的跨国支付报文传送网络是非常困难的。参与并共同维持SWIFT的独立、专业、公正运行,从全球而言仍是最合理的方案。”王永利说。

      海王集团首席经济学家王永利,不算官方看法

    1. Of course, there’s a trade-off since this creates a centralized chokepoint, but let’s leave that rabbit hole for another day. ;)

      这个 rabbit hole 不是那么容易被忽略的,因为运行节点的成本对于普通用户来说并不会随着时间而下降,反而因为网络的扩张和活跃而越来越高,越来越拒绝普通用户的加入。

    2. There are two ways to broadcast a new transaction:Set up your own node which runs the Ethereum blockchain softwareUse nodes provided by third-party services like Infura, Alchemy, and Quicknode

      除了通过第三方服务以外,要向区块链添加交易的唯一方式就是自运行节点。

    1. 开群众大会,唱革命歌曲,向国旗宣誓,这些后来被共产党军队继承下来的优良传统,全都是他们发明的。(刘大明:《“民族再生”的期望:法国大革命时期的公民教育》,北京,中国社会科学出版社,2005年。)法军士兵旺盛的战斗意志,不仅仅来源于政治教育,也基于现实的好处,1793年6月和7月,革命政府三次颁布了法令,进行了土改,把领主们和逃跑的贵族们,所占有的土地无偿分配给了全体农民,让法国出现了“汪洋大海”般的自耕农,所以为了保护他们的既得利益,他们也愿意为法兰西而战。(高德步、王钰:《世界经济史》 北京中国人民出版社,2017年。)

      历史常常在押韵

    2. 雅各宾派振臂一呼,在8月23日颁布法令直接明言:“从现在直到国家的敌人被驱逐出法兰西共和国的领土为止,所有的法国人都需服从军队的需要。青年开赴前线,有家室的人制造武器、运送军需,妇女制作营帐被服或做医务工作,儿童也要改制绷带,老人们要负责给战士们打气,宣传对国王的仇视和对共和国一致的拥护。”这么邪乎的命令,法国就真的做到了,为什么能这样呢?因为《人权宣言》的颁布,让所有的法国人都相信,“人民是一切权力的源泉,同时也是一切权力的执行者”,他们自己就是这个国家的主人,所以他们自愿为这个国家抛头颅,洒热血。

      每个民族在初生之时,都有他们的少年时刻。

    3. 在冷兵器时代,没有受过训练的屁民们,不管多么的热血沸腾,也无法对阵专业的骑士们,但是在火器时代,在排队枪毙这个战术前提之下,勇气和人数变成了第一重要的因素。所以到了这个时代,要想取得战争的胜利,领导人就必须是民众意志的代表者,就必须去迎合民粹,而拿破仑所倡导的拿破仑主义,在这方面做得出神入化,再加上拿破仑本人高超的战术指挥能力,法国依靠着强大的动员能力,士兵的主人翁精神,从此在欧洲大陆的战场上,所向披靡。

      另外还有一个重要的要素,拿破仑的目的是迎合民粹,但他所诉诸的想象共同体,是民族,而不再是宗教

    4. 按照列宁的说法:“拿破仑主义是君主制在丧失了原有的宗法制或封建制的牢靠支柱以后,所采取的顺风转舵的手段,这样的君主制不得不竭力维持平衡以防跌倒,卖弄风骚以便统治,实行收买以便讨好,同社会渣滓、同公开的小偷和骗子称兄道弟以便不单单靠刺刀维持统治。”(《列宁全集》中文第2版第17卷第249页)如果让我们用大白话来说,那就是民粹主义。

      如果这样看的话,拿破仑和他的侄子拿破仑三世的统治其实没有什么本质上的区别。

  9. www.paulgraham.com www.paulgraham.com
    1. Can a statement be x-ist, for whatever value of x, and also true? If the answer is yes, then they're admitting to banning the truth.

      In terms of sociology and politics, imo, there are too many "facts" to figure out 1 only "truth". Therefore, every statement reflects part of the real world and also not the real world in a whole.

    2. when someone calls a statement "x-ist," they're also implicitly saying that this is the end of the discussion.

      x-ist is a kind of label today.

    1. Pakistan’s military establishment has dismissed ousted prime minister Imran Khan’s claims that he was the victim of a US-led conspiracy, and described his visit to Moscow on the day Russia invaded Ukraine as “embarrassing”.

      作为巴基斯坦对外交流的实际主导者,军方表态还是非常慎重的,这也基本宣布了汗在短期内很难重获权力。

    1. “In parts of Pakistan, anti-Americanism sells to the public, such as areas along the Afghan border,” Rizvi said, adding that it was possible Khan could emerge as a strong opposition leader.

      靠近阿富汗边境地区,反美思想非常有市场。

    1. 他认为数学学习的进程,应当遵循人类数学发现的天然演化过程,而不是遵循数学家后来建构出来的逻辑关系,从集合开讲其他数学概念。这就好比是基本粒子是构成物质世界的基础,难道物理课就需要给初中生先讲粒子物理?

      非常认同,很多国内教材都有这个问题,注重自底到顶,过于关注内容的严谨,教材上的每一句话都无懈可击,但是可读性和易学性非常差。

    1. 没有这个“小我”,一切都没有基础;而“小我”又必须不断上升到更高阶的“大我”,你的自我意识才真正充实起来。

      把本民族放在世界中,才是世界的民族,否则就是狭隘的。

    1. Reed saw the DVD format proliferating in Japan but had never used one himself. So he drove to the store and got himself one. He then mailed it. To his great surprise, it came back in great shape. It worked. 

      我注意到,他并不是在战略级的“是否从事DVD邮寄业务”上面花很多时间做假设 - 验证的实验,参考下文,他们是在更为具体的工作上进行大量的实验。

      这和我之前的想法截然不同,但想来他这样的选择才是合理的,在行业选择、市场定位方面有太多细节要考虑,实验条件很难保持统一,在这方面花费太多时间和精力是不合适的。

    1. I recently heard a business journalist say that when he’s short on story ideas, he’ll just look for people who have given TED talks and “figure out what they’re lying about.”

      这倒是一个不错的选题取材思路,就和看了一篇好文献然后去溯源看他的参考文献一样。

    2. It became clear that social media was only free because our personal data was being mined and sold to advertisers.

      在剑桥分析事件中体现得尤其明显。

    3. TED’s influence on intellectual culture was “taking something with value and substance and coring it out so that it can be swallowed without chewing,” Bratton said. “This is not the solution to our most frightening problems — rather, this is one of our most frightening problems.”

      TED 把所有内容都搞成文化快餐,不仅无助于解决我们面临的时代问题,其本身正在变成最严重的时代问题。

    4. rhetorical style TED helped popularize was “middlebrow megachurch infotainment,” and had begun to directly influence the type of intellectual work that could be undertaken.

      TED 伪装出学术和前沿,但事实上却是一种信息娱乐产品,已经开始影响真正的学术工作。

    5. It is an aesthetic of populist elitism. Politically, the inspiresting performs a certain kind of progressivism, as it is concerned with making the world a better place, however vaguely.

      这种形式的演讲也成为了凭借新技术为生、受益于新技术发展的白领们的一种文化消费品,其中暗含的进步主义,满足了他们对进步的期待和认同。

    6. anyone is capable of giving a TED-esque talk. You just need an interesting topic and then you need to attach that topic to an inspirational story.

      有趣主题,加乐观的前景故事,如下文总结,这种风格叫做 "inspiresting"

    7. TED’s archive is a graveyard of ideas. It is a seemingly endless index of stories about the future

      and merely an index.

    1. Adding a new dimension of interaction presents both a challenge and an opportunity for designers to create intuitive and accessible interfaces. It will also require marketers to educate consumers who may be hesitant to welcome unfamiliar sensors into their lives.

      更多的交互在好的设计中是点睛之笔,在糟糕的设计里反而不如没有。

    2. analyze how the person closest to the display is sleeping, based on their movement and breathing — all without a camera or wearable

      这才是我认为睡眠监测的合理形态,睡觉要求戴手表或者耳机都太反人类了

    3. Another benefit of radar is that it can see through plastic and other materials. This makes it a great choice for consumer electronics because it can be placed underneath the enclosure.

      可以穿过塑料等材料,非常适合做在消费电子品内部

    4. One of mmWave's major advantages is its privacy-preserving nature. Because mmWave radar doesn’t process visual light, what it sees is not personally identifiable. This makes it an ideal choice for monitoring where a camera would not be appropriate.

      不包含可见光,所以人眼是没法识别的

      1. 在互联网时代,人脑的记忆和整合能力依然重要,互联网只能帮助查询信息,但不能帮你整合,当需要多个信息整合、分析推理时,只有记在大脑里的东西才能用上。
      2. 没有对旧的知识做大量的理解和重复,不要奢谈创新,新技术都是建立在就技术的基础上。
      3. 一定要学习自己喜欢的东西,这样才有可能保持长期动力。
    1. However, I had never thought about the social downsides of using something where you can literally see your net worth fluctuate in real time. If we already know the mental toll that competing for Internet Points (i.e. Instagram likes) takes on people, imagine what this kind of product could do. I’m reminded of the Black Mirror episode where people constantly rate their interactions with others on a 5 point scale, and your score would have real world consequences (think Uber stars, but for everything).

      这的确有点黑镜的意思,一个人人互相评价打分的系统,并且这种系统还和个人生活的基础——财富、资产完全绑定,如果我们都一致的反感这种系统,说明人内心深处还是有对独立和个性的渴望。

    2. creators essentially become the sole employee of a public company and have to manage their stock NFT price as such.

      这里的问题其实倒不在于 NFT 价格波动,问题更应该是购买者的预期:过去你购买一首歌或者一部电影,不管是实体的还是数码的,你的期望不是它的价值上涨再卖出去获利,而是消费它——这就带来一个问题,web3 说是造福内容创作者,但是 web2 里那个症结依然存在:内容的传播和复制是没有限制的,甚至在 web3 这种问题因为公开而变得更加严重,消费者过去付款可以买来对文化产品的独占消费体验,现在这种独占消失了,自然只有投资的期待。

    3. Web3’s culture of intensely focusing on economic upside will be detrimental in the long run

      新技术其实往往都会这样,被急功近利的人进场欺骗他人或者被他人欺骗,然后声名狼藉,被大众抛弃,继而给真正利用和开发它的人留下时间和机会。

    1. DeepL 先计算了文本中所有 i 的数量,然后对真正的时间戳进行一个小小的运算 ts - ts % i_count + i_count,这个运算差不多仅会改变时间戳的毫秒部分,这个改变如果用人眼来验证根本无法发现,人类看来就是一个普通的时间戳,不会在意毫秒级的差别。

      卧槽绝了绝了,甚至还考虑了如何骗过伪造请求的人。

    1. The case against Tao was part of what the Justice Department called its China Initiative, an effort created in 2018 to crack down on trade secret theft and economic espionage. The department in February ended the initiative following public criticism and failed prosecutions, though officials say they still intend to pursue the threat from China.

      川普的行动框架被废除了,但是实质行动还是在继续。

    1. On the Internet, your rate of learning is limited not by access to information, but by your ability to ignore distractions.

      正如食品丰富的年代,人的健康不决定于获取食物的能力,而决定于自律的能力一样。

    1. they are incentivized to have users spend the maximum time on their sites.

      这带来的问题不仅仅是数据权利,更是引导了整个 web2 时代的互联网产品设计:不是为了提升用户、为用户提供最多的知识,而是引导用户使用更久,用得更爽。

    1. Tensions have risen between the Taliban and Pakistan's military, which has lost several soldiers in attacks close to their mutual border. Pakistan wants the Taliban to do more to crack down on extremist groups and worries they will spread violence into Pakistan. That has begun to happen already.

      伊斯兰极端派受美国撤军的鼓舞,变得极度自大和骄傲,开始难以控制和协商,这必然给周边的巴基斯坦和中亚国家带来极端思潮的压力

    1. When you think about it, OpenSea would actually be much “better” in the immediate sense if all the web3 parts were gone. It would be faster, cheaper for everyone, and easier to use.

      其实结论已经呼之欲出了,因为 web3 的高昂代价,最需要它的不是个人之间的交互,而是组织之间,甚至是国家之间。

    2. the only amount of decentralization people want is the minimum amount required for something to exist

      人们需要的去中心化就是当前这种最小程度的去中心化了,就是至少还“存在”。

      但我觉得现在的状态,以前面保存 url 的案例为例的话,这种东西甚至都不能叫做“存在”,或者说不是我们能接受的那种容量,在链上保存数据如此昂贵,我们只能存很少量的信息,保存 url 来表现出似乎是 nft 的样子是一种曲线救国的路线。

      或者可以说:想要摆脱政府和大企业,真正自由的保存一些永远不被删除的信息,本来就应该这么昂贵。Freedom is never free.

    3. Iterating quickly on centralized platforms is already outpacing the distributed protocols and consolidating control into platforms.

      ERC-721 没有定义版税如何界定,这个文档里只是界定了 NFT 应该有 uint256 ID,应该有转让相关的功能,所以版税相关的问题又交给了 OpenSea 这类中心化平台,web1 到 web2 发生过的事情又再次上演:中心化的公司变化得总是比去中心化的协议更快。

    4. It doesn’t functionally matter that my NFT is indelibly on the blockchain somewhere, because the wallet (and increasingly everything else in the ecosystem) is just using the OpenSea API to display NFTs, which began returning 304 No Content for the query of NFTs owned by my address!

      所以 web3 的进步,至少在现在这时候,只是做到了很小的一步:数据没有被完全删除,至少 Moxie 的那个 NFT 的 url 还存在链上,但是要去访问那个 NFT 的代价就相当昂贵了,因为现在提供访问它的服务的公司都把它封了,Moxie 只能自己跑一个 ETH 节点去确认自己的 url 依然在链上。

    5. What surprised me about the standards was that there’s no hash commitment for the data located at the URL.

      存指针就算了,原数据的哈希值如果也不上链的话,可以编辑那个 url 指向内容的公司就完全为所欲为了,没有任何证据能证明原来上链的原始内容是什么。

    6. Instead of storing the data on-chain, NFTs instead contain a URL that points to the data.

      holy shit .... 解答了我之前关于 NFT 数据量那么大,上链成本应该很高的疑惑,搞半天上链的只是个指针。

    7. So much work, energy, and time has gone into creating a trustless distributed consensus mechanism, but virtually all clients that wish to access it do so by simply trusting the outputs from these two companies without any further verification.

      花费了巨大的代价构建的无信任去中心化平台底层,却在交互层面形成了中心化,这个问题的根源还是用户不愿意接触底层的基础技术,就像在现实世界里,消费者也不愿意去了解酸菜牛肉面的每一个原料是否安全,而愿意将整个供应链的安全寄托于一个中心化组织上一样。

    8. Meanwhile, ethereum actually refers to servers as “clients,” so there’s not even a word for an actual untrusted client/server interface that will have to exist somewhere, and no acknowledgement that if successful there will ultimately be billions (!) more clients than servers.

      以太网把访问它的服务器当作客户端,而这些“客户端”再充当其他用户的服务器去提供对以太网的交互功能,以致于用户甚至都没有一个可完全信任的交互界面

    9. If something is truly decentralized, it becomes very difficult to change, and often remains stuck in time.

      这似乎已经不是一个软件技术问题,而成为了人类的组织和管理问题

    10. A protocol moves much more slowly than a platform.

      第二个平台诞生的原因:协议总是比平台演进得更慢

    11. People don’t want to run their own servers, and never will.

      中心化平台诞生的第一个原因

  10. Mar 2022
    1. allow people to interact in mutually beneficial ways without anyone needing to trust each other. With technologies for message passing and data publication, we hoped to construct a peer-to-peer web that lets you do everything you can now, except there would no servers and no authorities to manage the flow of information.

      web 3 in 1 line.

      • 互联网必须追求网络效应吗?
      • 互联网公司只有成为平台型或者投靠某个平台两个出路吗?
      • 用户对产品只能有使用权,没有所有权吗?
      • 越多的数据越好,但这是对平台好还是对用户好?
    1. while the second Sino-India war of 1967 saw India push China back, further obfuscating the location of the Himalayan border.

      wrong, 1st sino-India war 1962 results in China's control over Aksai Chin while so-called "2nd sino-India war" occured at another disputed area near then Sikkim. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nathu_La_and_Cho_La_clashes

    1. The a key will create an annotation and bring the browser’s focus to the annotation editor so you can add a note to your annotation. The h key will create a highlight and will not move focus to the annotation sidebar.

      conflict with Vimium C, sad .... anyhow i don't think use keyboard to view and annotate is the most productive way. For me I usually left hand on keyboard and right hand mousing