I believe it is difficult for those who publish their own memoirs to escape the imputation of vanity;
I find this sentence very interesting because I never thought about it that way, but it is true at the same time. People who look at themselves as a very accomplished person would want to have a memoir about themselves. They also make themselves feel and look superior compared to others. They also want others to look less worthy.
By the horrors of that trade was I first torn away from all the tender connexions that were naturally dear to my heart;
He was torn away from his birthplace, family members, and friends.
Permit me, with the greatest deference and respect, to lay at your feet the following genuine Narrative; the chief design of which is to excite in your august assemblies a sense of compassion for the miseries which the Slave-Trade has entailed on my unfortunate countrymen.
How this starts reminds me of the reading named Oroonoko which was written by Aphra Behn. They both are talking to the reader in the beginning of the reading. They both also mention how the topics that they are going to talk about is going to make people uncomfortable.
A common argument in favor of slavery during his time was that African tribes themselves practiced slavery;
In one of my last annotations I did for another reading for this class I mentioned the book called Homegoing by Yaa Gyasi. In the book they mention how tribes in Africa would go to other tribes and would try to capitative people from the tribe so they would be their slaves. The people who would capitative them would also sell people to the English and sometimes make their own daughter marry people from England because it would cause the village to be more wealthy.
Igbo
Igbo stands for a member of a people of southeastern Nigeria. Igbo language also comes from a Kwa group.
The book was a bestseller and Equiano even went on book tours throughout Europe to promote his work and the abolitionist cause.
I find it very uncommon but mostly instreasirg that a person of color was able to have a bestseller book and being able to go on book tours with salavery still present.
I could easily free myself; and as for the inhabitants, I had reason to believe I might be a match for the greatest army they could bring against me, if they were all of the same size with him that I saw.
He knows he can go against them because they are small, but he doesn't want to fight. He thinks that if they were the same size as him, they would make a good army.
For my own part, I swam as fortune directed me, and was pushed forward by wind and tide. I often let my legs drop, and could feel no bottom; but, when I was almost gone, and able to struggle no longer, I found myself within my depth; and, by this time, the storm was much abated.
Gulliver was looking for a place that was the shore, but he couldn't find a place. When he says, " When I was almost gone", It made me think that he was about to give up to find a place. It seems like he was done trying to survive and was about to stop swimming, but he later found a place that wasn't deep and the storm wasn't as strong as before.
What became of my companions in the boat, as well as those who escaped on the rock, or were left in the vessel, I cannot tell, but conclude they were all lost.
The five other crew members who were in the shift with Gulliver when they got off the boat are lost. Gulliver isn't with anybody and can't find anyone. The crew members could be dead or floated to an island.The other six crew members that were still in the boat, did they stay in the boat or was the boat wrecked?
flurry
Moved by a sudden gusts of wind.
In part three, Gulliver sets sail again and is rescued by a floating Island named “Laputa” after his ship was attacked by pirates and he was left stranded
Gulliver is always going through something during his journeys. Makes me think, why is he going on journeys if he is not good?
An eagle picks up his box, with him inside, and flies away with it.
Are the eagles also giant on that island because it was able to pick up Gulliver? What if Gulliver is actually miniature and that is why he sees them as giants, but he isn't as small as the Lilliputians?
He lands on an island and is abandoned by his shipmates
Why would they abandon him? Did they think he died during the monsoon?
warring with the little Lilliputians over the proper method for cracking an egg
That just seems a little too extreme. Being in a war with another empire over a method of how to crack an egg. Anyway how many ways are there to crack an egg?
those they make use of there not being natives of the place: for those we live with in perfect amity, without daring to command ’em; but, on the contrary, caress ’em with all the brotherly and friendly affection in the world; trading with them for their fish, venison, buffalo’s skins, and little rarities; as marmosets
It seems like the English were in the colonies and living with the native people. They seem like they have a good relationship because the writer mentions how the natives are not following commands from anyone. They are also trading merchandise between each other.
I was myself an eye-witness to a great part of what you will find here set down; and what I could not be witness of, I received from the mouth of the chief actor in this history, the hero himself, who gave us the whole transactions of his youth: and though I shall omit, for brevity’s sake, a thousand little accidents of his life, which, however pleasant to us, where history was scarce and adventures very rare, yet might prove tedious and heavy to my reader, in a world where he finds diversions for every minute, new and strange. But we who were perfectly charmed with the character of this great man were curious to gather every circumstance of his life.
The beginning of this reminds me about a book called Homegoing by Yaa Gyasi. The book is about different perspectives from people during the Slave Trade. It includes slaves, chiefs of towns in Africa, and people who bought slaves. The book mostly focuses on one family through generations. The book started in Africa and through generations it ended in Alabama.
and though I shall omit, for brevity’s sake, a thousand little accidents of his life, which, however pleasant to us, where history was scarce and adventures very rare, yet might prove tedious and heavy to my reader, in a world where he finds diversions for every minute, new and strange.
Did the writer not want to include some things that the men character went through in his real life? Her including "omit" made me think that she didn't want to. Her not wanting to include detail might be because to her and the men it might be good memories, but to other readers it might make them feel inconfortable.
I was myself an eye-witness to a great part of what you will find here set down; and what I could not be witness of, I received from the mouth of the chief actor in this history, the hero himself, who gave us the whole transactions of his youth: and though I shall omit
The writing is going to contain some of her experiences, but also the experiences of another person, who might be the main character in this story.
I do not pretend, in giving you the history of this Royal Slave, to entertain my reader with adventures of a feigned hero, whose life and fortunes fancy may manage at the poet’s pleasure; nor in relating the truth, design to adorn it with any accidents but such as arrived in earnest to him: and it shall come simply into the world, recommended by its own proper merits and natural intrigues; there being enough of reality to support it, and to render it diverting, without the addition of invention.
I like how the writer just starts by telling the reader that this piece of writing is not meant to entertain some person. The writer is trying to say that this is not meant to be fun and read as if it is a fairytale story. She wants people to want to read this piece of writing because the writing is good and the story plot is good
enter into another World:
When people leave the World they were in into another, are they erased from the World they come from? Would her father not have any memories of her or even know she existed?
That though I cannot be Henry the Fifth, or Charles the Second; yet, I will endeavour to be, Margaret the First: and, though I have neither Power, Time nor Occasion, to be a great Conqueror, like Alexander, or Cesar; yet, rather than not be Mistress of a World, since Fortune and the Fates would give me none, I have made One of my own.
I love how she doesn't want to be like the other kings or have the power they had. She wants to be her own person and she knows that she will not be given power like the other men because she will earn it herself.
which I cannot call a Poor World, if Poverty be only want of Gold, and Jewels
The writer seems okay with the changes she had to make because it caused a greater good. Is the writer saying that if people want Gold and Jewels that does not make them poor anymore? What I understand is if a person is wishing for Gold and Jewels then they are not very poor. I think the writer has an idea of a poor person and that if they are poor they would be asking for food, health, and a home but not Gold.
And if (Noble Ladies)you should chance to take pleasure in reading these Fancies, I shall account my self a Happy Creatoress: If not, I must be content to live a Melancholly Life in my own World
This might show that the writer believes that "Ladies" are not inserted or intrigued in “Philosophical Arguments”, which led the writer to make modifications to the Observations to not include as much “Philosophical Arguments”. The writer seems okay with the changes she had to make because it caused a greater good.
Why is the sun hot? What causes wind? How is snow made? Why is the sea salty? What are the elemental materials of life?
All of these questions we have a scientific answer, but I think during this time period a lot of people had questions about a lot of things but didn't know where to start. They also didn't have specific tools or devices, which made them start from scratch.
she uses her power to ensure that her newly endowed land is free of war, religious diversion, and unfair sexual discrimination.
I think she wants to insure all of these things in this society because she saw all those problems in the place that she was kidnapped from.
But surely Adam cannot be excus’d,
I agree with this. Eve ate the forbidden fruit and told Adam to eat it, but if he didn't want to, he could just say no. It's like when parents would tell you " If someone offers you drugs say no." Eve offered him something but he CHOSE to eat the fruit.
Eve’s Apology
I think she might apologize for causing women to be to be ruled by men, but also causing women to go through pain when giving birth. In Genesis 3:16 it says "To the woman he said, 'I will make your pains in childbearing very severe; with painful labor you will give birth to children. Your desire will be for your husband, and he will rule over you" .
Eve eating the apple not only caused her a problem but all women.
I humbly wish that yours may light on me: That so these rude unpollisht lines of mine, Graced by you may seeme the more diuine.
Aemilia wants Queen Anne to read the poem and to show it to others. She thinks that her poem is not the greatest but if she graced the poem it would like the grace came from God.
Most gratious Mother of succeeding Kings;
I think Aemilia is referring to Queen Anne. When she says "Mother of succeeding Kings" I think she is referring to the thirteen kids that she was pregnant with but lost to miscarries or were born stillborn.
She questions the fairness of the burden of original sin, as it was placed fully on women. She brings to light several reasons why Adam is just as much, if not more, to blame for eating the apple from the tree of knowledge.
I think her work didn't get much attention because men might have taken it as an attack towards them. It might have also seemed like she was blaming men for the original sin. Which was eating the forbidden fruit, which is something men don't want to be blamed for.
Salve Deus Rex Judaeorum was not likely well received because it did not gain popularity until many centuries later when it was rediscovered.
I think that it didn't gain much popularity because it was written by a woman, which men found scary for some reason. I think it would have been more popular if women knew about it. A lot of women weren't taught how to read because men didn't think it was necessary for a woman to know how to read when they should just know how to cook, clean, and raise kids. Women who knew how to read it mostly would be because they came from a rich family.
Certainly, sir, I can.
Her father, Prospero, is telling her to follow what he says to her and to be observant, "Obey, and be attentive". He wants her to be observant because they haven't been to the cell for a long time.
Had I been any god of power, I would Have sunk the sea within the earth, or ere It should the good ship so have swallow’d and The fraughting souls within her.
I don't think Miranda is looking for revenge against the people that are in the boat. I think she wants revenge against the sea. People lost their lives in the sea. She wants to have God like power, so she can remove the water from the sea, so she can get the boat and the people that the sea took from her.
th’ welkin’s
The definition I found for welkin is the sky or heaven.
If by your art, my dearest father
Is Miranda referring to magic when she says "art" that her father has done?
He’ll be hang’d yet,
Gonzalo is referring to what he said earlier in the play, "Make the rope of his destiny our cable, for our own doth little advantage". Gonzalo wants to hang the Boatswain.
We are merely cheated of our lives by drunkards.
All the men in the boat have been drinking a lot. Antonio doesn't want to die because of a ruthless mistake a drunk person did or would do.
A pox o’ your throat, you bawling, blasphemous, incharitable dog!
Sebastian is also not helping the Boatswain with his fear right now like Gonzalo also isn't helping him.
[A cry within.]
The boatswain seems like he has a lot of fear because the boat might go down causing the passengers to drown. Gonzalo is certainly not helping him because he earlier mentioned that he would rather kill the Boatswain by hanging him rather than to drown with him.
topmast
Topmast is the second section of a square-rigged sailing ship's mast, immediately above the lower mast.
[Exeunt.]
Why would Shakespeare write "Exeunt" if before this he wrote "exit"?
metempsychosis
The definition of metempsychosis is the supposed transmigration at death of the soul of a human being or animal into a new body of the same or a different species.
All things that move between the quiet poles Shall be at my command: emperors and kings Are but obeyed in their several provinces, Nor can they raise the wind, or rend the clouds; But his dominion that exceeds in this, Stretcheth as far as doth the mind of man; A sound magician is a mighty god:
Faustus really wanted power and honor. He wanted everything to follow his orders. When he mentions the "quiet poles" he could mean the north and south poles stating that he wants everything from the top to the bottom of the earth to be ruled by him. He wants powerful people to be beneath him and that he will rule them over. He even mentions being a mighty king by using the magicians.
adieu
Adieu stands for goodbye.
drudge
The definition of drudge is a person who is made to do hard menial or dull work.
Exhoereditare filium non potest pater, nisi, &c
Translated from latin to English, "Exhoereditare son, not the father, but, etc"
Si una eademque res legatur[14] duobus, alter rem, alter valorem rei, &c.
Translated from latin to English, "If the identified parties [14] two, the other thing; One of value, Sec".
Ubi desinit philosophus, ibi incipit medicus
Why are there phrases that are in Latin and not translated?
Bene disserere est finis logices
The translation of "Bene disserere est finis logices", which is in Latin to English is "Good disputation is the goal of logic".
HELEN
The daughter of Zeus and Leda.
Devils.
Are there more than one devil because it's plural? In my last question I asked what was the difference between Lucifer, Belzebub and Mephistophilis because they all represent evil, so why would there be another character which is the Devil to represent almost the same characteristic? What would be the differences between the four? What is the difference especially between Belzebub and the Devil if it's the same thing?
LUCIFER. BELZEBUB. MEPHISTOPHILIS.
What is the difference between the three names? The three of them connect to evil.
Good-Deeds. Nay, Everyman, I will bide with thee, I will not forsake thee indeed; Thou shalt find me a good friend at need. Everyman. Gramercy, Good-Deeds; now may I true friends see; They have forsaken me every one; I loved them better than my Good-Deeds alone. Knowledge, will ye forsake me also?
Everybody who Everyman thought was his friend and would help him left him. Everyman realizes that Good-Deed is truly his best friend.
That needs on them I must do justice, On Everyman living without fear. Where art thou, Death, thou mighty messenger?
God believes that Everyman is not afraid of him so he calls death, which I think is the devil.
They thank me not for the pleasure that I to them meant, Nor yet for their being that I them have lent;
God which seems like is Jesus is saying that people are not appreciating him dying for their sins.
My law that I shewed, when I for them died,
Didn't Jesus die for the people not God?
How that all creatures be to me unkind, Living without dread in worldly prosperity: Of ghostly sight the people be so blind, Drowned in sin, they know me not for their God; In worldly riches is all their mind,
God saying this reminds me of the story of Noah that is in the Bible. God decided to end humankind by sending a lot of water that caused people to drown to death. God wanted to end humankind because he thought there was a lot of sin in the world.
When the body lieth in clay.
I see this line as someone being buried but in a figurative way. Clay can symbolize the sins they have done and how the sins are suffocating the person.
Ye think sin in the beginning full sweet, Which in the end causeth thy soul to weep,
What I understand from these two lines is when you first start doing something bad you find it enjoyable and like what you are doing, but in the end it just causes you a lot of problems. This also reminds me of lying. Saying a little lie will keep growing to be a big lie, which is going to cost more pain in the end when people find out about the lies that you have said.
Be you never so gay!
Gay was commonly used in literature to expressed joyful, pleasant, happy, or charming.
How transitory we be all day.
This sentence is telling the audience how someone is not permanent and we will all be gone one day.
Adonai
Adonai stands for God in Hebrew.
Though it be given by the poorest page, Or by the poorest widow in village, 165 And though her children perish of famine. Nay! I will drink good liquor of the vine And have a pretty wench in every town.
He prefers to spend his money that he lied and beg to get to buy good wine, but would not help the people that are in need.What I also find wrong is how he says that he will have a "pretty wench in every town".
wench
A girl or young women.
I’ll live of my free will in poverty? No, no, that’s never been my policy! For I will preach and beg in sundry lands; I will not work and labour with my hands,
He does not want to work where the poor people work at. He does not want to work with his hands. He prefers to beg people than work with his hands. I think that that shows what kind of person he is. He prefers to just take away the money that someone worked for so he doesn't have to ruin his hands, while someone else is working with their hands. He says he will get by just by preaching , which is him lying to them.
Think you that because I’m good at preaching And win me gold and silver by my teaching 155 I’ll live of my free will in poverty?
He is asking if they think that he is good at convincing people to believe what he is preaching. He will get money by convincing people.
For my intent is only pence to win, And not at all for punishment of sin.
He only wants to get money and not to help with the sinning.
And nevermore shall he his wife mistrust, Though he may know the truth of all her lust, 85 Even though she had taken two priests or three.
The man is not trusting his wife because he knows that she has slept with two or three priests, which I never saw that coming from a priest.
pottage
Pottage is a soup or stew.
Which came out of a holy Hebrew’s sheep.
I think this line is referring to Jesus Christ.
apothecary
A person who sells and prepares medicine and drugs.
capons
A castrated male chicken fattened for eating.
The Devil found him in such wicked state,
This reminds me of the story of Adam and Eve. The serpent which was symbolizing the devil pressured Eve to eat the forbidden fruit. The forbidden fruit in this story is poisoning the other two men so he could get the treasure to himself.
I know well Abraham was holy man, And Jacob, too, as far as know I can; And each of them had spouses more than two; And many another holy man also.
She gives a bible reference when she mentions Abraham and Jacob. Abraham had two wives Sarah and Keturah. He married Keturah after Sarah died. Sarah couldn't have kids so she told Abraham to take her servant, Hagar to have a kid.
When my good husband from the world is gone, Some Christian man shall marry me anon;
She is already thinking about marrying another man when her husband still doesn't pass away. Does she not have any connection to her husband? Is she not attached to her husbands and just wants to be married? Is she looking for love when she marries someone or does she just want to be married?
anon
Soon
Welcome the sixth whenever come he shall.
I was thinking she was marrying one man at a time, not all five at the same time. Were her five husbands conformable with her having more husbands? How were the living circumstances between her and her husbands? If she had kids how would she know who the father was?
I understand he had more wives than one; And now would God it were permitted me To be refreshed one half as oft as he!
King Dan Solomon had 700 wives and 300 concubines, so she is asking why God is blessing Solomon for having so many wives, but for her to only have one husband. A lot of things that are in the Bible let man do a lot of things that if a woman is seen doing will be stoned. Sometimes women would be stoned by their own father.
For men so many times have married me;
I wonder why she had to marry so many times. Did they die? Did they leave her? Did she leave them? I know divorce was something that was not common during this time period. During this time period a lot of men would not marry a woman who has already been married, so how was she able to marry so many men?
With heart of pity, when he’d heard them speak. It seemed to him his heart must surely break, Seeing them there so miserable of state, Who had been proud and happy but so late. And in his arms he took them tenderly, 100 Giving them comfort understandingly: And swore his oath, that as he was true knight,
These few lines show me he has pity towards the woman. The lines do not support my last annotation when I said he was self-centered. Him comforting the woman shows him how chivalry he is especially when he mentions to "swore his oath".
“What folk are you that at my home-coming Disturb my triumph with this dolorous thing?” Cried Theseus. “Do you so much envy 50 My honour that you thus complain and cry?
Theseus asking the two women why they are crying and disturbing his victory shows me that he is self-centered.
Hippolyta
She was the daughter of Ares and Otrera. Ares is the god of war. She was also the queen of the Amazons.
Amazons
Amazons were female warriors that lived in Scythia. Some believe they were aggressive, brutal, and their main point of life was to be in war.
And, too, her younger sister, Emily.
Was Emily considered a Queen too or was it just her sister?If Hippolyta was the only one with the queen title why would Emily not have the title?
There he married the queen, Hippolyta, And brought her home with him to his country.
Was she still considered a Queen even though she left the country that gave her the title and married a man from another county? She married a duke, would that mean that she is a duchess and leave her queen title?
What with his wisdom and his chivalry He gained the realm of Femininity,
I think it is trying to say that the reason why Theseus has so much power and gained land is because he is wise, but also has characteristics of a knight which shows he has core values in protecting women.
That greater was there not beneath the sun. Very many rich countries had he won;
Theseus was very powerful and by stating "not beneath the sun" shows that he was in a very high position. He was not "below the sun" because he grew his power by taking over countries.
But it is no wonder for a fool to run mad and through wiles of woman be won to sorrow. For so was Adam on earth with one beguiled, and Solomon with many such, Samson too – Delilah dealt him his doom – and David thereafter was blinded by Bathsheba, and suffered much ill.
He is saying that weak men will be won by a woman, which is not helping his case because he is calling himself weak because of what happened with Morgan le Fey. He is saying that Adam was enchanted by Eve so that is why he ate the forbidden food. Eve was already enchanted by the snake. He then mentions David. He says that David suffered because of Bathsheba, but David was the one who saw her and had a kid with her knowing she was married. He statement just shows that it was his fault not Morgan le Fey.
St John’s Day
I think there are two St John's Day. One is on June 24th to mark the middle of summer. The second one is on December 27th to mark the middle of winter.
mirth
Mirth: amusement which is expressed in laughter.
rich red in this one distinguished her, rough wrinkled cheeks on that other, in rolls.
The men are describing the older women with wrinkles and that she is big. They mention that she has rolls.
Not alike though to look on those ladies were, for if the one was fresh, the other was withered:
For me this section shows how the man sees the two woman. One women is young and youthful, while the other one is old.
The lord lay low, lurked a full long while, compassing in his conscience what this case might mean or amount to
This just seems weird. Was he awake when the Lady came in the room, but pretended he was asleep?
aid him down again lightly and feigned to sleep. And she stepped silently and stole to his bed, caught up the curtain and crept within, and sat her full softly on the bedside and lingered there long, to look when he wakened.
This makes the Lady look like she is a crazy person. She just enters Gawain room while he sleeps and just looks at him.
Full early before the day the folk were risen; Guests who would go their grooms they called on, and they busied them briskly the beasts to saddle,
People are getting for horses riding and they call people to help them get the horses ready.
and his loins and his limbs so long and so great half giant on earth I think now that he was
This section reminds me of the Giants that are mention in the first chapter of the old testament in the Bible.
These lords, to whom their comrade was dear, felt little joy to see so stout a knight misprized
This sentence shows how much people loved Launfal because they were not happy to see him being forgotten.
On hearing this marvel the lady became sanguine of visage, because of her exceeding fear. She dared no longer to lie at his side, and turned over in her mind, this way and that, how best she could get her from him. Now there was a certain knight of those parts, who, for a great while, had sought and required this lady for her love.
Did the wife get excited that her husband is a Bisclavare? If she did get excited I think it would be because she doesn't love her husband anymore. She now has a reason to leave her husband and can go with other man. It seems very fast how she immediately sent a letter to the knight.
Carry her this, my golden ring. Tell her, on my part, that so she pleases she shall come to me, or, if it be her better pleasure, I will go to her.”
This reminds me of the story in the Bible where Abraham sends a servant to find a wife for his son. Abraham sends a lot of gifts for the person who agrees to marry his son including a gold ring.
He thanked the lady for her words, giving her love again in return for her own, and swearing that he would never depart therefrom any day of his days. Beyond this courteous answer Milon bestowed on the messenger costly gifts, and made him promises that were richer still.
It seems like he is rushing into things but it might be their custom.
She sent him a message by a sure hand, saying that if her love was to his mind, sweetly would it be to her heart.
This relates to "Lay of Launfal" because both men are asked by the women.
beauty and prowess, for he was a worthy knight, open of heart and heavy of hand.
Would King Arthur not like Launfal's because he is jealous of Launfal beauty, how he fought in war, and how much people liked him?
Wife, I become Bisclavaret
How did he become a bisclavaret? Does it run in a family line? If he has kids would it pass on to them?
I enter in the forest, and live on prey and roots, within the thickest of the wood.”
If people found out that he is a bisclavaret, what would they do to him?
After she had learned his secret, she prayed and entreated the more as to whether he ran in his raiment, or went spoiled of vesture. “Wife,” said he, “I go naked as a beast.” “Tell me, for hope of grace, what you do with your clothing?”
It seems like the wife cares more about her husband's clothes than him being Bisclavaret.
raiment
Clothing
He gave no heed to his horse, but left him at his provand in the meadow.
This shows how Launfal was very interested in what was going on.
Sir Launfal was son to a King of high descent
Why would Launfal leave the land where he is seen as a higher honor?
Arthur gave him naught, and he was of too proud a mind to pray for his due, he had spent all that he had.
This sentence shows how Launfal didn't want to take advantage of someone else's money.
bounty
Would King Arthur fire bounties to kill people or to capture pirates?
earth-stepper
I think they used kenning instead of saying person or human to show that the person is a traveler.
one time I was the poet of the Heodeningas,
What are Heodeningas? I found this website where it talked about it but I am still confuse. https://books.google.com/books?id=-7Y8AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA56&lpg=PA56&dq=Heodeningas&source=bl&ots=ylZiTmrOU7&sig=ACfU3U2_c9_xwx90uehoYUkhATzeAi1DQw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiI6a6gkvvpAhWCSjABHcILAJUQ6AEwA3oECAsQAQ#v=onepage&q=Heodeningas&f=false
“Where has the horse gone? Where is the man? Where is the giver of treasure? Where are the seats at the feast? Where are the joys of the hall?
There is a lot of repetition in these two lines. It is mostly repeating where something is.
they would chew him up if he came with a company. It is not like that with us.
These two lines repeat in the next stanza. Why would the author only repeat text in once and not throughout the whole poem?
All my friends dwell in the dirt
She is saying that her friends are in their grave.
Whenever the memory of kin pervades his mind, he greets them joyfully, eagerly looking them up and down, the companions of men— they always swim away.
He is seeing his friend, but his friend is not there because he might have died. When he sees his friend he thinks he really is there which can mean he is illusioning things.
He remembers hall-retainers and treasure-taking, how his gold-friend accustomed him in his youth to feasting. Joy is all departed!
He is remembering how happy he was when he was with his friend and how they spend their time having fun. He later realizes that his friend is gone and that he will never feel that happy feeling again.
just as I must fasten in fetters my heart’s ken, often wretched, deprived of my homeland, far from freeborn kindred, since years ago I gathered my gold-friend in earthen gloom, and went forth from there abjected,
He feels he needs to control his own heart because it is always going through pain. His heart is going through the pain again because he needs to leave his home and his relatives that were not slaves, which can also be people that he looked at them as his family. He is going through pain by saying bye to his friend and leaving the materials that his friend gave him.
could find him who in the mead-hall might know of my kind, or who wishes to comfort a friendless me,
He found someone who might also be experiencing exile or someone who will help him with his exile experience.
There is now no one living to whom I dare articulate my mind’s grasp.
The traveler might think that nobody is capable of understand his thoughts because they are so advanced, so he doesn't bother telling people what he believes in. Him believing that there is nobody who understands him causes him to not talk with a lot of people.
tread the tracks of exile
The lone-dweller might have exiled himself from land and that is why he is in the ocean. He doesn't feel like somebody loves him or he doesn't love himself and that is the reason why he describes the ocean, "rime chilled". When someone describes someone with hatred, they would say " their heart is cold", which can justify why he says "rime chilled".