Nevertheless, future research needs to address these alternative explanations by systematically excluding that dogs can rely on such strategies. Such research should look at the explicit role of vocal exclamations in dogs’ reactions.
This part of the text acknowledges these could be alternative explanations for the study's results. The dogs could possibly have been reacting to the experimenter and that could have influences the final results. This is important because every scientific research has some level of error. Additionally, a researcher or an academic reading this paper could be inspired to do their own version of this experiment.