This sentence is very interesting because as we see, it's a struggle between a laborer and the Guild. Sounds a little familiar. There have always been disagreements between workers and the Guild, it is interesting to see how far this went back. Comparing this to the recent strike (I believe in 2023) people wanted to protect their intellectual property aganist the use of AI which is an ever growing force.

Wow, it is a little crazy that he was able to do this with a single dollar bill and one slip of paper. I'm a bit unsure about the laws of intellectual property at this time but in today's world that is something people very much protect. I didn't even know you could protect your idea as a 'premise'. I'm sure it's a bit different now.

The fact that the show had people from all different backgrounds (radio, movies, theater and stage) is something that helped it become what it was. It makes me think about modern television production where now it is more specialzed. People study TV, take classes on it, maybe get an internship for it, but it makes perfect sense with I Love Lucy that the producers had a wide range of diverse talent they could draw from and it contributed greatly to the success of the show.

I find this interesting because they state from 'in the United States and around the globe' when talking about everyone who adored Lucy in the show. I think in this case, yes, she does deserve the credit for the success of the show becuase this was so early on in television shows and Lucille had become one of the first household names that families loved. This isn't to say the production of the show was not amazing because it was. However, in the case of I Love Lucy, without Lucille one could ask how great the show would have been.

I believe here some of the things the author is talking about when they say how groundbreaking the show was, were things like the multi-camera system and the live audience. These specifically brought more life to the show that had not be seen before in other TV series.

This highlights the power of independent media in challenging coporate control of news. This could be compared to how independent journalists use social media today to bypass traditional news outlets. Andrew Callaghan is an example one could look at for an example of this. He has done a lot of independent journalism which really gives the viewer or listener a real and raw look at the subject matter which is being investigated by him in his news posts.

Media industries, from time to time but not alway, prioritize profit over public service. Is this still true today with corporate ownership of news outlets? One could argue that news outlets are used for public service to inform the public but at this point many news outlets lean, politically speaking, either left or right so it can be misleading.

This agreement, the Biltmore Program, suggests an attempt to monopolize news distribution. An example of this I can think of is social media companies trying to get algorithims from each others. Mark Zuckerberg, for example, was approached a few years back about his algorithm with Facebook but never wanted to give it up because of how successful it was for him and the company.

This shows how economic interests drove media conflicts. Could this be compared to the modern struggle between print journalism and digital news platforms today? We even see this at our own campus, Temple, where the print newspaper is still operating but it is pretty clear that most prefer digital news via instagram or twitter.

The newspapers first saw radio as a novelty and not a serious competitor. There have been many times in history when new technologies have been underestimated and this was certainly one of them. It reminds me of how some dismissed the internet in the 90s.

This ban certainly caused tension between the British goverment and Marconi, the company which was conducting the broadcasts in Chelmsford. Of course looking back on this now I think most would say it was a mistake and they should have been allowed to keep broadcasting. During the time, however, I can understand why this ban was out into place, because they thought it might interfeer with offical signals.

David Sarnoff is interesting to me because this idea he had around 1916 was a great one stating that by switching signals you could have one channel which was events of national importance. another which was music or 'concerts' and so on. Sarnoff also predicted a large audience receiving a broadcast from a single transmitter.

Dame Nellie Melba had one of the most important moments in radio history by singing to listeners across all of Europe. This was the first major live performance which offers another shift in radio history. By Dame performing on this show, it opened the door to entertainment via the medium of radio. So there now, up to this point, have been quite a few shifts in radio and it is still early on for this new technology.

In my opinion this was another turning point for technology. The experiments in Chelmsford greatly shifts the use of radio technology during it's time and it is a genius move by Marconi. Weather they knew it or not, Marconi had helped shift this technology from a military tool to a new medium which could be used for public communication.

It seems like one of the main story lines in this article is the use of these wireless stations during early war times before and during WWI. This was innovative because rather than just continue using radio as it has been used for, goverments across the world had to now find new uses for radio. At the end of this paragraph you can see that some gramophone records had even been played over military wireless stations which I think is very interesting.

By dropping the long-distance charges AT&T encouraged more long distance communication which was a smart thing to do. If it costs more to do long distance calling than less people will do it. However, by dropping this charge people can communicate with others far away and not worry about the different costs

This was interesting to me and I wonder if this was because at the time women had been in the hosue more so they could be the ones using the telephone in the house to communicate. If that is the case then it was definitely reinforcing gender structures at the time

I really did not know that some of these campaigns thought that the telephone had 'unnecessary' uses. Of course, when this was occuring it just inhibited the use of the telephone in many ways but things such as time limits were put on because business had to be conducted. As you'll see later in the document AT&T and their users had become more acustomed to using the telephone more and more to maintain relationships with one another rather than only for business

The marketing of AT&T through the years certainly has changed and around the mid 1920's, through customer practices, it helped the company see how they can use marketing to their advantage. I see this as a genius move from AT&T during the 20's because they saw what their customers were doing and showed how the telephone was a necessity for connection between people.

It is interesting that at this early stage of the telephone many did not see the implications and it was believed that the public 'had to be educated' about the benefits of the telephone. This was the beginning of the telephone shifting to becoming more popular in houses and for social uses which was a big shift at this time.

This is something that relates to the first annotation I made, that there are usually many factors that contribute to a change not usually just one technological innovation for example. Again, one must look through a cultural lens of the time to understand all the factos which facilitated a change in society.

I think this is a very important point which the author makes. Understanding history offers another perspective on human life and society which opens people's eyes more to what society and life was like in whatever period they are studying. And to understand history you need to look at it through the perspective of the time, it is harder to understand when you're looking at it through your own perspective.

This is something that is completely irrevelant nowadays, being able to recall historical facts means nothing. When going into a topic for the essay it's important to remember this so we can take a cultural approach to the research and ask deeper questions to get a better picture of the historical setting at the time including the geographical, cultural, economical and social sense of the world.