Sherry Baker and David L. Martinson developed a tool called the TARES test
A tool built for what purpose? for the ability to establish robust principles for ethics and a more ethical approach to persuasion.
17 Matching Annotations
- Jan 2026
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socialsci.libretexts.org socialsci.libretexts.org
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Plagiarism
Avoid plagiarism
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TARES Test
TARES include: TRUTHFULNESS AUTHENTICITY RESPESCT EQUITY SOCIAL RESPEIBILTY
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Ultimately, understanding ethics requires balancing all three parts of the ethical pyramid. When unsure about a behavior's ethicality, consider: Is there general consensus that it's ethical? Does it adhere to relevant codes of ethics? Would you be comfortable if the outcomes were reversed and applied to you? This framework, rooted in ancient philosophical discussions, provides a guide for responsible communication.
INTENT, MEANS, AND ENDS
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Ethics Pyrami
framework of ethics
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socialsci.libretexts.org socialsci.libretexts.org
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O'Keefe's Paradigm Case to Understand Persuasion 1.1.1
bruh
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when a sender presents a true, honest, logical and complete argument that includes presentation of other real choices, has no personal benefit in the result, and when the receiver understands the arguments and has unrestrained freedom of choice and ability to choose, and all of this happens within a context of unhurried respect and equality, then this situation could be said to be persuasive and ethically justified"
Persuasion's definition in its fullest
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intention (the persuader aims to influence), a positive result (implying success), the audience's free choice, and the absence of threat or harm (Powers, p. 126).
Intention, Positive Result, and a sense of free choice by the audience, and void of harm are all key points shared by each definition.
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nvolves one or more persons who are engaged in the activity of creating, reinforcing, modifying, or extinguishing beliefs, attitudes, intentions, motivations, and/or behaviors within the constraints of a given communication context
Another definition
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You can visualize where your audience "sits" on an issue. Any movement toward your desired position is a win. Attempting to shift an audience from extreme disagreement to strong agreement in a single message is nearly impossible.
Insights of thinking of persuasion as a scale of what the audience's perception on an idea. trying to tip the scale from one side.
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the process of creating, reinforcing, or changing people’s beliefs or actions
Another definition from Dr. Lucas. Giving it more of a elegant feel, an artform rather than a normal action.
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to move by argument, entreaty, or expostulation to a belief, position, or course of action
Webster's definition of persuasion
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Bia
Greek god of speech
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Peithō (Πειθώ), carried a deeper, more nuanced meaning. Peithō referred not only to "Persuasion" or "Winning Eloquenc
Greeks thought of it differently. More of a fancier idea. And was personified as a godess
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The word "persuasion" originates from the Latin persuadere, meaning "to strongly urge."
Why does it originate from persuadere? probably because when youre persuading someone. Its a strong "Urge" to get them to think/feel/do something.
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rhetoric is the broad art of using language skillfully in speaking and writing
definition of rhetoric. What is the difference between rhetoric and persuasion? Rhetoric is an art of fancy speak of some sort for the goal of persuasion. Persuasion of the outcome
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Examine the pervasive nature of persuasion in our everyday lives. Clarify the distinction between rhetoric and persuasion, terms often used interchangeably. Review scholarly definitions of persuasion Delve into O'Keefe's unique yet logical paradigm case model.
The learnings of the chapter
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