the most resilient, adaptive, and effective learning involves individual interest as well as social support to overcome adversity and provide

For inspiration, Luis drew heavily on contemporary media, from popular cartoons to Hollywood action and Kung Fu movies, using them as touchstones and markers of the kind of movie he wanted to make. He sometimes cited what he saw as a fl aw in a narrative as the spark for a movie of his own, such as bringing a favored dead character back to life. He also talked about watching and enjoying other stop-mo-tion fi lms including claymation.

Online communities that re fl ect “cultures of participa-tion” (Jenkins, 2006, 2009 ) a l l o w c r e a t o r s t o s h a r e t h e i r w o r k , r e c e i v e f e e d b a c k , and expand their social networks. Informal collaborative relationships develop as learners share knowledge and codevelop interests. It has been suggested that participation in these informal collectives nurtures important twenty- fi rst-century capacities such as collaboration, knowledge of how to build social networks, man-age information, direct one’s own learning, engage in design, and capitalize on opportunities for distributed cognition and the building of collective intelligence. Design activities, including information gathering, creative thinking, prototyping, improvisation, and tinkering, are thought to provide potential pathways to these crucial twenty- fi rst-century capacities (Balsamo, 2010 )