- Apr 2024
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scalar.lafayette.edu scalar.lafayette.edu
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Lead exposure can result in slowed growth and development, damage to the nervous system and brain, learning and behavior problems, and health and speech problems. These effects can lead to lower IQ, decreased ability to pay attention, and underperformance in school.
"Health Effects of Lead Exposure." CDC. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, https://www.cdc.gov/nceh/lead/prevention/health-effects.htm.
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scalar.lafayette.edu scalar.lafayette.edu
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Flint had been in crisis for decades due to multiple socioeconomic factors such as disinvestment, unemployment, racism, poverty, violence, food insecurity, and depopulation.
Ruckart PZ, Ettinger AS, Hanna-Attisha M, Jones N, Davis SI, Breysse PN. The Flint Water Crisis: A Coordinated Public Health Emergency Response and Recovery Initiative. J Public Health Manag Pract. 2019 Jan/Feb;25 Suppl 1, Lead Poisoning Prevention(Suppl 1 LEAD POISONING PREVENTION):S84-S90. doi: 10.1097/PHH.0000000000000871. PMID: 30507775; PMCID: PMC6309965.
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scalar.lafayette.edu scalar.lafayette.edu
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Environmental racism refers to the unequal exposure of minority and low-income communities to environmental hazards; it is a result of segregation and poverty that has forced people of color, specifically black people, to be in toxic, dilapidated environments.
John Eligon, "A Question of Environmental Racism in Flint," The New York Times, January 21, 2016, https://www.nytimes.com/2016/01/22/us/a-question-of-environmental-racism-in-flint.html.
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scalar.lafayette.edu scalar.lafayette.edu
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For 50 years, Flint's water and sewage department had provided the city with clean drinking water. However, things changed when the city wanted to negotiate a new contract with Detroit Water.
Rodrick, Stephen. "Who Poisoned Flint, Michigan?" Rolling Stone. January 22, 2016. https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/who-poisoned-flint-michigan-226676/2/.
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Timeline
Ruble, Kayla, Abby Ellis, Jacob Carah, and Sarah Childress. "Five Years In, the Flint Water Crisis Continues Its Deadly Toll." PBS. April 25, 2019. https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/frontline/article/flint-water-crisis-legionnaires-disease-deaths.
Kennedy, Merrit. "Lead-Laced Water In Flint: A Step-By-Step Look At The Makings Of A Crisis." NPR. April 20, 2016. https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/04/20/465545378/lead-laced-water-in-flint-a-step-by-step-look-at-the-makings-of-a-crisis.
Le Melle, Stacy P. "'We're Not Victims, We're Fighters': Interview With Flint Water Activist Melissa Mays." Huffpost. January 27, 1016. https://www.huffpost.com/entry/were-not-victims-were-fig_b_9088824.
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