Active listening is paring positive listening behaviors with positive cognitive listening practices. According to VeryWell Mind "active listening helps you better understand another person's point of view and respond to empathy"(VeryWell Mind.com). VeryWell Mind recommends 7 techniques for active listening. Those techniques are: 1. Be fully present, 2. Pay attention to non-verbal cues, 3. Keep good eye contact, 4. Ask open-ended questions, 5. Reflect what you hear, 6. Be patient, 7. Withhold judgement.

Short-term memory is mental storage capability that can retain stimuli for twenty seconds to one minute. According to National Institutes of Health " STM (Short term memory) involves forgetting information to which the subject has been recently exposed". NIH continues to say "The clinical features of STM impairment, however, are variable and depend on the underlying cause for the memory alteration" (NIH.gov). Unlike short-term memory, long-term memory is very different being able to have more mental storage.

Action-oriented listeners prefer organized and accurate information. I can connect this to my life outside the classroom. When i'm looking at information, whether that be information on the internet or information on the news, I want it to be accurate so I can trust it. Just like the definition of action-oriented listeners, I also can become frustrated if the information isn't accurate.

Empathetic listening is a form of listening when we try and understand or experience what a speaker is thinking or feeling. I can heavily connect this to my life outside the classroom. My family has dealt with a lot of grief over the the past couple of years. My best friend helped me through my own grief. She shared with me that her family has been through something similar to what I was going through.

Eavesdropping is a bad listening practice where people secretly listen to another conversation. I can connect this to my life. I tend to do this a lot at home, I can't help it either. With practice I'm hoping that I will be able to NOT eavesdrop on someone else's conversation.

Visual aids are materials to help reinforce a speaker's content visually, which help strengthen the speaker's message. I can connect this to my life outside the classroom onto many levels. The best way I learn about something if there is something visually specific to the topic. This way of learning helps me understand the topic as well.

Information overload is when a speaker gives the audience too much information than they can process. I can connect this into my life outside of the classroom. If a speaker gives me too much information then I struggle with the amount of information that was just given to me. Going along with the heavy amount of information, my brain also can't process all the information as well.

Persuasive speaking influences the beliefs, attitudes etc.. of the audience members. The three components in an persuasive speech are: claim,evidence, and warrant. According to University of Minnesota.edu " In order to persuade, a speaker has to construct arguments that appeal to the audience members".

Deductive reasoning is a process of drawing conclusions. On the other hand Inductive reasoning is citing examples to build on the conclusion of an argument. An example of deductive reasoning according to studiobinder.com All racing cars must go over 80MPH; the Dodge Charger is a racing car, therefore it can go over 80MPH.

Cognitive dissonance is mental discomfort resulting in new information contradicting current beliefs, attitudes or values. According to verywellmind.com there are some "signs" the could be related to cognitive dissonance. One of the listed "signs" on verywellmind.com is " experiencing guilt or regret about something you've done in the past". Cognitive dissonance can also be in tv or movies, some examples are Friends and the Truman Show. (these were examples from the same website).

Nonverbal communication is exactly what is sounds, It's communication without speaking to another person. I can IMMENSELY connect this to my life outside the classroom. I can easily communicate to my mom in my house without having to speak to her, for example if she asks me about something I can simply give her a thumbs up.

Communication is the process of sending messages with meaning that could be received in multiple contexts. I can relate this to my life outside of the classroom. As funny as this sounds I struggle communicating with others because of my challenge with finding the right words. When I'm in a conversation sometimes I have a hard time finding the right words to go along with the conversation.

Oral communication is transmitted through one channel transmitting through sound and is picked up by our ears. Other people don't have a hard time understanding the information, but I do. As I said in previous annotations my brain has a hard time processing large amounts of information. So, It doesn't help my brain when there is a large amount of information that is communicated.

Posture is either our natural or intentional position our body places us in. When I'm giving a speech in class or outside the classroom my legs and hips tend to move outwards and lock ( there's a name for it I just can't think of it right now!). With knowing this about myself I'm hoping that I can improve this common movement while I give a speech.

Vocalics are study of paralanguage in vocal qualities. When I'm giving a speech all of these specific vocal qualities can't be control because of my nervousness. For instance my rate will be a quick pace (as I want to finish the speech as quickly as possible). My vocal quality will be in the area of low to medium.

Fluency hiccups are pause within the speech. I can HEAVILY connect this into my life outside the classroom. Just in general while I would give presentations I would sometimes pause for sometime (highschool). Then I realized after I was done with presenting that I had a pause in the speech that I didn't intend to have.

Vocal warm-up exercises is exactly what it sounds like, these exercises help prepare the mouth for a presentation. I can connect to this in my life outside the classroom. Almost everybody uses this exercise before a presentation. In this class I will be using this as a tool before I have to present our speech.

Physical relaxation exercises help to reduce the anxiety of public speaking by breathing and stretching. I can connect this into my life outside the classroom. I don't often use these exercises before a presentation. But for this class i'm going to be more aware and use this tool.

Skills training is a way to help ease the anxiety of public speaking. I can connect this to my life outside of the classroom. Like I said before Public speaking is the one thing that I fear the most because of talking in front of others I don't know making me nervous. I'm hoping that this will be able to help with my fear of public speaking.

Public speaking anxiety is reactions when one is faced with a presentation. Me and several other people have this particular anxiety. This can be GREATLY connected to my life outside the classroom. In my case public speaking anxiety is the one thing that I fear the most, because I have to talk in front of people that I don't know, which makes me nervous.

Information overload is when the speaker gives to much information to an audience for them to comprehend all the given information. I can connect this into my life outside the classroom. My brain takes time for me to process all the information at once. So if I was attending a speech and the speaker overloaded the information all of it would take me even longer to process all the information.

Visual aids help the speaker reinforce content about their speech. I can connect this into my life. Visual aids not only help the speaker they also help the audience understand the speaker's message. This connects into my life in high school, taking a speech class.

Diagrams are a visual way of showing or pointing out the important parts of something. This can be LARGELY connected to my life. I can learn more if I see something in front of me, because I'm a visual learner. Having a diagram for me to look at helps me understand and learn better if it was something verbal.

Brainstorming is the process of quickly generating ideas. I can connect this to my life. I use brainstorming not only for school projects. I use it sometimes in daily life to quickly think of ideas of what I could do for the day.

Captive Audience is a group of people who are required to be present. I can connect this type of audience to my life. Back when I was in high school I along with the other students in my grade were required to be present at a specific informative speech. After reading the definition for captive audience I knew I would be able to connect it to my life outside the classroom.

The key point of eye contact is to hold non verbal communication with another person. I'm an introverted person and I don't talk as much as a extroverted person would be "social butterfly". Since I don't talk to a lot of people I tend to avoid eye contact. I'm hoping that I will embrace a new change and start to maintaining more eye contact with others.

Emotion sharing is an action one does to communicate a circumstance of an emotional event. An example of this is a character named Gray in the anime called Fairy Tail by Hiro Mashima. When Gray was growing up learning more about his ice make magic his teacher Ur sacrificed herself to save him from the demon Deliora. Fastforward, Gray is in the guild called Fairy Tail when he was on a mission with Lucy (another member of the Fairy Tail guild) and Natsu, he sees Deliora cased in ice, he eventually tells Lucy and Natsu about his past with Deliora.

Emotions are behavioral stimuli reactions that we experience as emotional. We all know the familiar feeling of happiness, anger, fear, sadness etc. A good example to describe emotions is a character called Natsu in the anime Fairy Tail by Hiro Mashima. His personality constantly changing, which matches his magic which is fire (he's a dragon slayer, I don't want to into detail describing what a dragon slayer is).

Communication is a process of sending and receiving verbal and nonverbal information in multiple contexts. A popular way to use communication is social media. According to Nashville Film Institute. edu " Social media is any digital technology that allows users to instantly generate and share information with the public." Using social media apps such as Instagram, Facebook etc is the fastest way to communicate with others in the public.

Group cohesion is an attractiveness to one goal among the members of the group. For example the Pittsburgh Steelers, had a hard time grasping their group cohesion. According to britannica. com " Rooney watched the Steelers struggle in 1950's and the 60's until their fortunes turned around with the arrival of head coach Chuck Noll in 1969." With this encouragement from Chuck Noll the Steelers began to become more successful in their franchise eventually leading to win six Super Bowl titles. Art Rooney a Pittsburgh resident founded the franchise in 1933 ( britannica. com).

Stereotypes are mindsets, mainly negative ones that we apply on a specific group of people. According to a Western Washington University student Michael Haynes only 17% of Latinos and Latinas exist in the U. S population, only 5% were TV characters. He further expanding this thought saying that Latinos were portrayed more as lazy in a English TV show than a Spanish TV show. Stepping back, from Latino and Latina adults, a study Michael found in 1998 says that two Latino children 10 to 17 years old out of the other 10 said they see enough of their own race on television.

Prejudice can and is a sensitive topic for people because of the nature of its negativity towards a group of people. According Andrew Daniller " Americans say there is at least some discrimination against several groups in the United States, including 80% who say there is a lot of or some discrimination against Black people" (Andrew has a article posted on pew research. org). Interestingly the article politically says " Democrats are more likely to say that Black people face a lot more discrimination than Republicans". To further extend this 76% of Democrats in the 2021 U.S Survey say that Black among Hispanic and Asian people face discrimination.

Interpretation of information that we gather at the beginning of the perception process now adds meaning. This is the third and final step of the process. I can relate this to my life for several reasons. For example this summer I took an Art History class, without me knowing I used this step while I was taking the class. By the end of the class I learned many new things about the world that I didn't know before taking the class.

The organizing information is the second and most important step of the perception process. This step is where we categorize the information into specific patterns. If I have all the written information in front of me this step is easy for me to do on my own. With the written information in front of me I can rather quickly organize it the way I want it to be.

Selection is the very first step in the perception process, which we focus on incoming information. This part of the process is different for me than it is for others. The selection process for me takes time to think about what to select. If for example it's verbal information that I need to write down in order to select it, I may not get all the information.

Intrapersonal communication is one of the many types of communication that is a conversation of an individual taking place in one's mind. Percy Jackson main protagonist of Percy Jackson and The Olympians series by Rick Riordan uses a good majority of intrapersonal communication throughout the series. Percy uses this communication to let out his anger and also to process of losing his mom from the "mortal" world, (which she was taken to the Underworld). At the end of the first book he communicates to himself once he learned that one of his friends was "the lightning thief".

Mass communication is electronically sending a message to a large group of people in one go. This type of communication reminds me of the screens in the Hunger games movies. President Snow the main antagonist of the movies "electronically sends a message" to the different districts of the Capital. President Snow uses mass communication to his advantage to present warnings to those who break a law of the Capital.

Intrapersonal communication is directly focused on communication in our heads. Which can make us reflect our individual thoughts. I can connect this type communication to the main character in the book Matched by Allly Condle. The main character Cassia Reyes reflects lots of her thoughts, having a intrapersonal communication with herself.

I don't like to do group project with people I don't know. But I learned doing them helps others receive different ideas on the topic. I tend to be quiet and listen to other peoples ideas on the topic. I 100% agree that group communication / projects "it provides useful experience and preparation" even if I don't like participating in them.

I can connect this piece of text that talks about public speaking and how people have a fear of it. When I took my speech classes in highschool I would tend to talk really fast due to my nervousness. When I do public speaking for instance like a presentation for a class I don't have the clearest voice because it tends to get shaky. I'm hoping that this class will help with my fear of public and also provide techniques that I can use.