2 Matching Annotations
  1. Jan 2025
    1. Vayu Thou art, and He who keeps the prison Of Narak, Yama dark; And Agni’s shining spark; Varuna’s waves are Thy waves. Moon and starlight Are Thine! Prajapati Art Thou, and ’tis to Thee They knelt in worshipping the old world’s far light, The first of mortal men.

      There are many things here that Krishna declares himself to be. He claims to be Vayu (the wind), Yama (the lord of death), Agni (fire), Varuna (the ocean), and Prajapati (the creator), through the concept of Vishvarupa, Krishna's universal form. This reminds me of the Abkallu in ancient Mesopotamian mythology. Similarly, the Abkallu, or Akkadian: 𒉽𒂗𒆠 apkallu, were semi-divine beings who were thought to transmit divine wisdom to kings, in order to ensure the maintenance of cosmic order, just as Krishna's role depicted here is the source of cosmic balance and order. In short, both figures serve as divine intermediaries between humans and the cosmos. Their wisdom-bearing roles share striking similarities.

      Bondzhev, Asen. (2024). Enki’s Seven Sages (Adapa/Oannes and the Apkallu): Humanity’s Cosmic Guardians. Open Journal for Studies in History. 7. 31-44. 10.32591/coas.ojsh.0701.03031b.

    2. Suddenly within the skies Sunburst of a thousand suns Flooding earth with beams undeemed-of, Then might be that Holy One’s Majesty and radiance dreamed of!

      This is a metaphor for the brilliance that occurs during Krishna's revelation of his Vishvarupa to Arjuna. I could be wrong in my interpretation of this, but I find it fascinating that many religious-related texts, from different cultures, many hold solar events to divine glory. The one that comes to mind is the Bifröst in Norse mythology. Bifröst is the rainbow "bridge" connecting worthy warriors to Valhalla's gods. According to scholars, Bifröst isn't an actual rainbow, but more than likely, the Aurora Borealis. As an extension to this, often times if a warrior fell in battle holding their weapon, and a sunray could be seen in the sky, that means they've passed into Valhalla. Arjuna's glory in lines 1497-1501 heavily inspired me to make this connection.

      Matthew, C. A. (2024, June). Bifröst (the Rainbow Bridge) and the Norðrljós (he Northern Lights) in Norse Mythology http://www.ejst.tuiasi.ro/Files/106/2_Matthew.pdf