- Sep 2020
-
-
Such a perspective should enable us to understand the distance we hjlve traveled and where we are today.
That's the whole point of studying history in a nutshell.
-
As we approach the bicentennial of the independence of the United State
It's no accident that Franklin was writing this piece ahead of the Bicentennial. Birthdays frequently cause reassessment.
-
-
www.historians.org www.historians.org
-
children’s hospital in the Republic of Malawi
I'm not sure everyone thinks of a history major as leading to this kind of career, but it can!
-
-
www.historians.org www.historians.org
-
carefully considered, pragmatic, and forward-looking
This is the part that I want to focus on.
-
- Jul 2020
-
www.hastac.org www.hastac.org
-
design as humans for humans in a global crisis
This line jumped out at me. I would like to think I already approach my teaching this way, but I'm challenging myself to deepen what that might mean--without being heavy-handed about it, since I want students' ideas to help build this idea too.
-
- Nov 2019
-
rebeccarnoel.plymouthcreate.net rebeccarnoel.plymouthcreate.net
-
Abelard
Peter/Pierre Abelard (1079-1142), French philosopher, theologian, and teacher, famous for his love affair with one Heloise https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Abelard
-
It is time that we had uncommon schools, that we did not leave off our education when we begin to be men and women. It is time that villages were universities, and their elder inhabitants the fellows of universities, with leisure—if they are, indeed, so well off—to pursue liberal studies the rest of their lives.
This is the idea behind lyceums, a very popular form of public lecture, which Emerson excelled at. You could also link this desire to public libraries, YMCAs, settlement houses--and maybe also community colleges?
-
consider how little this village does for its own culture
This is kind of hilarious, because Concord, MA, was and is famously intellectual. It was the home of Emerson, Thoreau, Hawthorne (at times), and the Alcotts (at times), and there are quite a few books written about its intellectual attainments. Not up to measure for Thoreau, though.
-
The solitary hired man on a farm in the outskirts of Concord, who has had his second birth and peculiar religious experience, and is driven as he believes into the silent gravity and exclusiveness by his faith, may think it is not true; but Zoroaster, thousands of years ago, travelled the same road and had the same experience
Reference to Second Great Awakening conversions and then to Zoroaster, founder of an ancient religion that is still practiced. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoroastrianism
-
How many a man has dated a new era in his life from the reading of a book!
Books that change lives--great topic
-
tit-men
The runt of a litter of pigs; someone small and weak.
-
deliquium
Melting, liquifying--brain turning to mush
-
tale about Zebulon and Sophronia, and how they loved as none had ever loved before, and neither did the course of their true love run smooth
He's making fun of romantic novels.
-
If others are the machines to provide this provender, they are the machines to read it.
Ouch--seems a bit dehumanizing. His reference above to "cormorants" is about the sea bird by that name, which will eat anything, so the word was commonly used to mean "glutton."
-
Vaticans
The Vatican Library was and is famously filled with ancient books.
-
Zendavestas
Zoroastrian scriptures
-
repeating our a-b-abs, and words of one syllable, in the fourth or fifth classes, sitting on the lowest and foremost form all our lives
References to antebellum pedagogy: reading was taught by having student memorize and recite long columns of letters, beginning with a-b-ab and moving on to one-syllable words. Classes then were numbered in reverse order when numbered at all, so the first class would be the one at the highest level. Forms are benches used in schools; the front form would be the one used by the youngest and most novice students.
-
Homer has never yet been printed in English, nor Æschylus, nor Virgil even
This is absolutely incorrect.
-
Books are the treasured wealth of the world and the fit inheritance of generations and nations. Books, the oldest and the best, stand naturally and rightfully on the shelves of every cottage.
They literally represent treasured wealth: a library like the one he'd had access to at Harvard represented a huge concentration of resources. His stance on books seems at odds with his stance on newspapers.
-
memorable interval between the spoken and the written language, the language heard and the language read. The one is commonly transitory, a sound, a tongue, a dialect merely, almost brutish, and we learn it unconsciously, like the brutes, of our mothers. The other is the maturity and experience of that; if that is our mother tongue, this is our father tongue, a reserved and select expression, too significant to be heard by the ear, which we must be born again in order to speak
Little gender hierarchy going on here?
-
The modern cheap and fertile press, with all its translations, has done little to bring us nearer to the heroic writers of antiquity
Print revolution--and he'd participated, since he was the editor of the Transcendentalism magazine Dial for several years in the 1840s.
-
I read one or two shallow books of travel in the intervals of my work, till that employment made me ashamed of myself
Shallow they may have been, but he's going to quote from them anyway.
-
my beans to hoe
In the first chapter, he spends a long time talking about his beans. He was way into them.
-
Mîr Camar Uddîn Mast
18th century Hindu poet
-
The oldest Egyptian or Hindoo philosopher raised a corner of the veil from the statue of the divinity; and still the trembling robe remains raised, and I gaze upon as fresh a glory as he did, since it was I in him that was then so bold, and it is he in me that now reviews the vision. No dust has settled on that robe; no time has elapsed since that divinity was revealed. That time which we really improve, or which is improvable, is neither past, present, nor future.
I go back to this passage all the time to touch base with what Transcendentalism is.
-
The intellect is a cleaver; it discerns and rifts its way into the secret of things.
My favorite line, which I've quoted in essays about why I value scholarly activity.
-
Let us settle ourselves, and work and wedge our feet downward through the mud and slush of opinion, and prejudice, and tradition, and delusion, and appearance, that alluvion which covers the globe, through Paris and London, through New York and Boston and Concord, through Church and State, through poetry and philosophy and religion, till we come to a hard bottom and rocks in place, which we can call reality, and say, This is, and no mistake
Maybe my favorite passage in the book
-
Nilometer
A device used to measure the Nile in ancient Egypt
-
point d’appui
Solid place to push from or base yourself on
-
let company come and let company go, let the bells ring and the children cry
Oh here we go again
-
Men esteem truth remote, in the outskirts of the system, behind the farthest star, before Adam and after the last man. In eternity there is indeed something true and sublime. But all these times and places and occasions are now and here. God himself culminates in the present moment, and will never be more divine in the lapse of all the ages. And we are enabled to apprehend at all what is sublime and noble only by the perpetual instilling and drenching of the reality that surrounds us.
Key passage
-
Mill-dam
Lots of places had mill-dams, but Concord, MA, had one at the center of town, so this refers to the location of socializing and business.
-
only great and worthy things have any permanent and absolute existence, that petty fears and petty pleasures are but the shadow of the reality
Helpful passage for understanding what Transcendentalism is all about.
-
“Kieou-he-yu (great dignitary of the state of Wei) sent a man to Khoung-tseu to know his news. Khoung-tseu caused the messenger to be seated near him, and questioned him in these terms: What is your master doing? The messenger answered with respect: My master desires to diminish the number of his faults, but he cannot come to the end of them. The messenger being gone, the philosopher remarked: What a worthy messenger! What a worthy messenger!”
Confucius, Analects, XIV.
-
“What’s the news?”
See painting on the home page of our Moodle site.
-
we, be it known, did not set it on fire
From Michael Meyer's introduction: "[Thoreau] was notorious...for carelessly burning down some three hundred acres of prime Concord timber (worth more than two thousand dollars) because he did not adequately clear the brush around a fire he made to cook some fish he and a companion had caught. Thoreau did not sufficiently apologize, if he did at all, to satisfy his neighbors, who remembered the incident long after those acres were reforested." (18) That's a value of about $61,000 today. https://westegg.com/inflation/infl.cgi
-
Saint Vitus’ dance
A nervous disorder that causes spasmodic movements
-
sleepers
Pun--"sleepers" was then a common term for railroad ties, the wooden beams that cross under the rails, but of course he's talking about people being asleep too, and he's about to sympathize with railroad workers.
-
We do not ride on the railroad; it rides upon us.
Attitude toward the Market Revolution in this passage?
-
I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of life, and see if I could not learn what it had to teach, and not, when I came to die, discover that I had not lived.
Super famous line!
-
it is far more glorious to carve and paint the very atmosphere and medium through which we look, which morally we can do
This part reminds me of "Self-Reliance" too--the part where Emerson says, "Accept the place the divine providence has found for you, the society of your contemporaries, the connection of events. Great men have always done so, and confided themselves childlike to the genius of their age, betraying their perception that the absolutely trustworthy was seated at their heart, working through their hands, predominating in all their being. And we are now men, and must accept in the highest mind the same transcendent destiny; and not minors and invalids in a protected corner, not cowards fleeing before a revolution, but guides, redeemers, and benefactors, obeying the Almighty effort, and advancing on Chaos and the Dark." In other words, reset your mind and you can elevate yourself no matter who you are or what circumstances you are in.
-
All poets and heroes, like Memnon, are the children of Aurora, and emit their music at sunrise.
OK well there go my pretensions
-
Morning brings back the heroic ages.
Here he goes again with his reverence for morning....
-
“There was a shepherd that did live, And held his thoughts as high As were the mounts whereon his flocks Did hourly feed him by.”
Anonymous poem set to music in The Muse's Garden (1610).
-
Both place and time were changed, and I dwelt nearer to those parts of the universe and to those eras in history which had most attracted me.
Important--he's positioning himself in a transcendent reality, not his own time and place.
-
The low shrub oak plateau to which the opposite shore arose stretched away toward the prairies of the West and the steppes of Tartary, affording ample room for all the roving families of men. “There are none happy in the world but beings who enjoy freely a vast horizon”—said Damodara, when his herds required new and larger pastures.
It's a testament to his imagination that he looks across this fairly small pond and envisions places all the way across the world. This is a quote from the Harivansa again; Damodara is another name for Krishna.
-
,
[typo--should be no comma there]
-
I do not propose to write an ode to dejection, but to brag as lustily as chanticleer in the morning, standing on his roost, if only to wake my neighbors up.
Super famous line and he used it on the title page of his first edition. What do you think of the tone and meaning?
-
if I except a boat
Here's New Hampshire's part of the story. He'd taken a boat trip in NH with his brother and he finished the draft of a book about it while living in the cabin. He was also a very skilled boat builder. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Week_on_the_Concord_and_Merrimack_Rivers
-
The morning wind forever blows, the poem of creation is uninterrupted; but few are the ears that hear it. Olympus is but the outside of the earth everywhere.
Notice all the references to morning in this paragraph, building up to this part. There's something about morning that touches the eternal for him.
-
by accident
-
I think I shall not buy greedily, but go round and round it as long as I live, and be buried in it first, that it may please me the more at last.
Commitment-phobe?
-
the only translation I have seen makes sheer nonsense of the passage
Dude, are you bragging about your superior Latin?
-
As long as possible live free and uncommitted. It makes but little difference whether you are committed to a farm or the county jail.
Interesting line coming from someone who famously went to jail over a principle.
-
I had been a rich man without any damage to my poverty.
Quippy
-
a man is rich in proportion to the number of things which he can afford to let alone
Good example of one of his quotable quotes. If you can picture it on a mug, calendar, or tea tag, he wins (but so does capitalism).
-
-
rebeccarnoel.plymouthcreate.net rebeccarnoel.plymouthcreate.netMy blog23
-
some boobies and bumpkins there, who, by their intense greenness, must have come from the heart and centre of all verdure
It seems that "green" is now a term of abuse for Ishmael--someone from the world of vegetation, in other words from the land, must be a complete dope in the different social world of the sea, and that must be why these "lubbers" are shocked at his friendship with Queequeg.
-
that common highway all over dented with the marks of slavish heels and hoofs; and turned me to admire the magnanimity of the sea which will permit no records
It looks as though he's trying to leave the regular world, but it seems risky to go to a place that "will permit no records."
-
see how elastic our stiff prejudices grow when love once comes to bend them
that was quick
-
there is no quality in this world that is not what it is merely by contrast
That's a sweeping statement--he must mean more by it than just heat and cold.
-
I felt a melting in me. No more my splintered heart and maddened hand were turned against the wolfish world. This soothing savage had redeemed it.
Remember the "November in [his] soul"? Ishmael had some healing to do.
-
He looked like a man who had never cringed and never had had a creditor
This line also makes me think of the Market Revolution, and specifically the Panic of 1837 and the years that followed. Many American men had had creditors, i.e. they'd been debtors and owed money to someone else, which would lead to shame. Queequeg looks as though he has no such shame and no reason to feel any. It's a surprising observation from Ishmael at this point.
-
dearest
He's using this to mean "expensive" or "over-priced"
-
the first howling gale, when thou art driven, straps, buttons, and all, down the throat of the tempest
That seems a bit bleak!
-
Queequeg, under the circumstances, this is a very civilized overture; but, the truth is, these savages have an innate sense of delicacy, say what you will; it is marvellous how essentially polite they are. I pay this particular compliment to Queequeg, because he treated me with so much civility and consideration, while I was guilty of great rudeness; staring at him from the bed, and watching all his toilette motions; for the time my curiosity getting the better of my breeding
Sort of a role reversal?
-
21st June, the longest day in the year in our hemisphere
What could be the significance of this dreamish memory happening on the solstice? And why does he add "in our hemisphere"?
-
He really did this in not only a civil but a really kind and charitable way.
Ishmael is being generous here, considering the scare he's just had. Something in his attitude is open to change.
-
the chimney jambs and all the bricks inside were very sooty, so that I thought this fire-place made a very appropriate little shrine or chapel for his Congo idol.
Ouch.
-
seemed inexplicable
Interesting choice--not "was inexplicable" but "seemed inexplicable." I think Ishmael is really trying to process this, not just assuming it has no explanation, even though he's terrified.
-
monkey jackets
-
I got up and took off my monkey jacket, and then stood in the middle of the room thinking. I then took off my coat, and thought a little more in my shirt sleeves.
He's tried putting on the apparent door mat, then takes it off; now he takes off his jacket; next he takes off his "coat," more like a thick shirt. What might it mean that he's stripping in an attempt to imagine this person whose culture and body are so unfamiliar and possibly threatening?
-
Sal and me slept in that ere bed the night we were spliced
Nautical image for a marriage bed
-
turning flukes
-
you, sir, you I mean, landlord, you, sir, by trying to induce me to do so knowingly, would thereby render yourself liable to a criminal prosecution.
This really is a "purty long sarmon"! Even for 1851, this is a hilariously bombastic speech, especially considering that he ends it spluttering.
-
I never liked to sleep two in a bed; that if I should ever do so, it would depend upon who the harpooneer might be, and that if he (the landlord) really had no other place for me, and the harpooneer was not decidedly objectionable, why rather than wander further about a strange town on so bitter a night, I would put up with the half of any decent man’s blanket.
His attitude takes a little journey just in the course of this one-sentence paragraph
-
condemned old craft
like...a doomed ship? uh oh
-
cajoling me into the delusion that it was a choice resulting from my own unbiased freewill and discriminating judgment
Again this makes me think about the shift in religion during the Second Great Awakening, from a system based on predestination (at least in post-Puritan New England) to Charles G. Finney's implication that humans have enough free will to initiate salvation.
-
formed part of the grand programme of Providence that was drawn up a long time ago
Predestination? He's light-hearted and tongue-in-cheek about it here, but anything about destiny right in the beginning could be deliberate foreshadowing.
-
Hardicanutes
I'm not trying to be cute by saying I looked this up, thinking it might be a silly Melville invention, and it turned into a rabbit hole: "Hardicanute's position as Canute III of England was usurped by his detested half-brother Harold I known as 'Harefoot'" http://www.englishmonarchs.co.uk/vikings_4.htm
-