- Sep 2024
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www-cambridge-org.libproxy.temple.edu www-cambridge-org.libproxy.temple.eduDiscipline20
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Foucault attempts to engage with politics and ethics and to create a framework by which we might conceive of forms of power that do not operate through domination and normalization.
Did he successfully created that framework ? if yes does the power in society functions according to his framework ?<br /> In my opinion power is an authority to control you that you give to others and believing that the other person won't use it.
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If power is “ever-present,” then, it is only because each individual carries the effects of discipline within themselves, even before the possibility of consent exists.
Disciplinary power in an organization is with consent and still an individual doesn't like it. That's why there's an concept of oppressor and oppressed and only the society can decides who is who.
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Foucault in turn challenges these theories of power for failing to acknowledge the emergence of new forms of power and the resulting transformation of the mechanisms and technologies through which power is exercised.
So its still evolving
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“art of governing.”
So does administration is today's definition of power ?
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Foucault, the process is a type of control without punishment (“penality”), because individual pupils are rewarded only after an examination, and those who fail to comply with the norm will be shamed for noncompliance and retrained.
This is an old approach of doing things in an organisation, this should be change, todays social standards are far more devasted with fear of failure and hence the self disciple is important than the societal disciple.
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discipline becomes the machinery for adding up and capitalizing time, and time itself becomes an aspect of the norm and normative judgment, a means for measuring the extent to which individuals are dominated by discipline.
Capitalizing one's time is very important for an individual but it is very hard to say capitalizing for whom for personal gain or for someone's else. which is better? that's why there's a saying of life and work balance. Time could be utilized as a tool of personal happiness or community happiness.
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Those who comply with the norm are rewarded and given a higher status within the hierarchy, whereas those who do not receive further training and discipline.
It is true for any military service of the world, many of the given thoughts of the Foucault's seems very similar with the Sun Tzu's Art of War. which is practiced by many of the worlds great military powers of today
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“time, activity, behavior, speech, body, attitude, and sexuality”
So does its means common sense evolves over time ? Some norms of the past wont apply today and some norms of today wont be applicable in the future. means there is no correct norm which could be called absolute ethical.
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Foucault focuses on the way these persons are managed and on the mechanisms society uses to make madness intelligible within a framework of reason.
how society tries to punish and regulate those who are considered to be ‘mad’ ? It prefigures his later preoccupations with discipline and normalization set out in Discipline and Punish. Nowadays, institutions regulate people not through violence but through classification and direction of people into their ‘rightful’ place within a rational and efficient social order.
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Sovereign power is both visible and external, and the monarch invokes public spectacle to demonstrate his absolute domination
This shows the difference between sovereign and disciplinary power in Foucault’s work and focuses on the transition from visible, violent displays of authority to the more hidden, internalized forms of control seen in disciplinary power. Disciplinary powers seems very ethical in modern era whereas as the sovereign powers seems tyrannical.
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Disciplinary power employs the norm to correct behavior and transform individuals into docile bodies who are measured and ranked by their relationship to the norm
Today people in school or work, behind bars or at home, are measured against a standard of behavior, of productivity, of how one is to behave and what is considered normal or appropriate . Disciplinary power does not just punish but re-educates, reform and train, a docile bodies as called in the paragraph .The norm works as a holding method that enhances productivity as well as conformity given that they force people to accept specific standards of conduct or you can say modern slavery or as in some place like corporate slavery or slave of globalization.
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The techniques of disciplinary power operate through meticulous control of the body and its very minute functioning.
yes true, to have control of the body , we must have control on our thoughts first.
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it is a more intense and insidious form of power,
Yes it can transform an individual into a saint or more destructive form of force from inside. Strong mind needs strong control over one's thought.
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Foucault’s essential point is that disciplinary power operates primarily by facilitating an individual’s acceptance of the norm and the state’s authority rather than through confrontational force and public spectacle.
Why is it important for some people to exert power as they please ? sometimes even we feels like a slave to the discipline. maybe the authority needs disciple to execute the higher productivity of the organisation but it does not benefits any individual personally other than making him a loyal service provider. In my opinion disciple in one's personal thought is more important, other aspects are just the byproduct of the practice of discipline such as meditation.
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The individual body is thereby situated in a modern matrix of power, one that is concerned both with how the body operates and with what the body produces.
is it the only way to exert power on other individuals ? We must find a better way.
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it molds individual bodies into useful components of larger social machines, which range from the military and prisons to schools, hospitals, and factories.
So in the end are we just machines working our whole for the betterment and profit of the others ?
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Foucault talks about the importance of confinement or enclosure in discipline. Does this mean that physical confinement, like being in a classroom or prison, is necessary for discipline to function? Or can forms of surveillance and control happen without physical spaces, especially today with online monitoring?
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coercion
the use of force to persuade someone to do something that they are unwilling to do
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lepers
here it is used describe a person who is shunned for moral or social reasons.
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discipline
a set of strategies or practices that aim to control, regulate, and train individuals to act in a desired way
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