If he got elected, you could sign up forTrumpcare and feel manly too.

Trump scaresme, which is too bad because he’s obviously an amazing business man, which would be prettygreat considering the current state of the nation’s finances.” Harold and Annette Areno, thedeeply committed Pentecostal couple living on Bayou d’Inde, recoiled at Trump’s ridicule of adisabled man.

reinforces

“Because things have gotten so far otrack in this country, we need a leader who is willing to break some rules if that’s whatit takes to set things right.” Forty-six percent of all Americans agreed, as did 55% ofwhites without college degrees

hy do we prefer endangered species overtheir human families, shut down their businesses, and try to close their churches?

hey believe that they are losing their share of the AmericanDream because we have changed the rules in our favor—and have allowed others tocut the line in front of them and seize what they have worke

Among the older right-wing whites I came to know, blacks entered their lives, not asneighbors and colleagues, but through the television screen and newspaper where theyappeared in disparate images

‘Run! Nigger! Run!’ And the next year in 1969 I was yelling, ‘Run! Joe! Run!’ Ihaven’t used the word since. I look forward to a day when color just won’t matter at all. I thinkwe’re halfway there.”

first generation in American history to experience the kind of lifetimedownward mobility “in which at every stage of adult life, they have less income and less netwealth than people their age ten years before.”

all have cut ahead of you in line.But it’s people like you who have made this country great.

And Michelle should feel grateful for all she has but sometimes she seemsmad. She has no right to feel mad.

You have shown moral character through trial by fire, and theAmerican Dream of prosperity and security is a reward for all of this, showing who you havebeen and are—a badge of honor

uch a story permits those onboth sides of the political spectrum to stand back and explore the subjective prism throughwhich the party on the other side sees the world.

Ku Klux Klan (a reason his grandfather had moved to another town) and met a whitemember of the Tea Party and strong Baptist woman who had adopted an African Americanbaby and a South American child

their families and sometimes their neighbo

I believe that their friendship models whatour country itself needs to forge: the capacity to connect across difference

Mike had an engineer’s eye, a sportsman’s love of fish and game,and a naturalist’s ear for the call of a tree frog

We shoehorn new information into ways we already think

someone was hungry, you fed him. You had community. You know what’sundercut all that?” He pauses. “Big government

social psychology offer hope of solutions

regions where the two groups previously lived in peace

the presence of another bystander tends to inhibit action”

Hard-liners took over the Christian Democratic Party, vowing to employ any means nec-essary to block what ex-president Eduardo Frei described as Al-lende's "attempt to implement totalitarianism in Chile.

hen their members are so socially segregated that they rarely interact, stable partisan rivalries eventually give way to perceptions of mutual threat.

When socio-economic, racial, or religious differences give rise to extreme partisanship, in which societies sort themselves into political camps whose worldviews are not just different but mutually ex-clusive, toleration becomes harder to sustain

Allende exploited his presidential powers, threatening to pass laws via national referendum if congress blocked them and using "legal loophol

em o government that everybody could 0 an eav

Trying to shield young people from guilt prevents them from seeing history for what it was and becoming thecitizens that they might be. Part of becoming an adult is seeing your life in its broader settings. Only that process enables a sense ofresponsibility that, in its turn, activates thought about the future.

protect feelings over facts

he Jews become less than human so that we can tell ourselves that we are huma

When we claim that discrimination is only a result of personal prejudice, we liberate ourselves from responsibility. Only our story matters,and what matters in our story is our innocence.

iscrimination is not simply a matter of attitudes or institutions, but of their interaction in society over time.

“revisionism” tends to mean the parts of history that challengeleaders’ sense of righteousness or make their supporters uncomfortable

The new memory laws invite teachers to self-censor, on the basis of what studentsmight feel — or say they feel

form of psy

is “wrong to insult thememory of the victorious nation.”

It is not the facts about the vulnerable but the feelings of the powerfulthat are to be protected.

Polish-Jewish lawyer who coined the word“genocide,” was of the opinion that Soviet policy in Ukraine amounted to one.

Russian international lawyers argued that invasion andannexation were justified by the disappearance of the Ukrainian state.

“there is no historical proof that thefamine was organized along ethnic lines,

Polish authorities chose not to publicize their plight

“dekulakization,” thedeportation of peasants deemed more prosperous than others, and “collectivization,” the appropriation of agrarian land by the state

Kahan's term suggests, our reasoning is most vulnerable when our identities are most threatened.

motivated reasoning."

"Democrats have been virtually flawless in appointing reliable liberals to the court

identity-protective cognition"

He could ultimately lose his j

And climate-change skeptics who immerse themselves in researching counterarguments end up far more confident that global warming is a hoax than people who haven't spent much time studying the issue.

: among people who were already skeptical of climate change, scientific l\teracy made them more skeptical of climate chang

w good they were at

how good subjects were at math stopped predicting how well they

erhaps there are some kinds of debates where people don't want to find the right answer so much as they want to win the argument. Perhaps humans reason for purposes other. than finding the truth-purposes like increasing their standing in their community or ensuring they don't find themselves exiled by the leaders of their trib

these misunderstandings? Too little information-be it about climate change, taxes, Iraq, the bu

"I call this the 'competence principle,

"For both liberal and conservative participants, the effect of reference group information overrode that of policy content. If their pa

ht

It is not possible to be rational all by yourself; ratio-nality is inherently a collective projec

Democrats had gone from opposing the mandate to supporting i

And then something went wrong. In December 2009, every single Senate Republican voted for a point of order calling the individual mandate "unconstitutional:'

built a mandate into their campaign , health-care proposals

e would have been horrified

This is also how Russian operatives fueled polarization in the United States, posing simultaneously asimmigrants and white supremacists, angry Trump supporters and “Bernie bros.” The content of the argumentdidn’t matter; they were looking to paralyze and polarize rather than convince.

Belonging is stronger than facts

research shows that we probably encounter a widervariety of opinions online than we do offline, or than we did before the advent of digital tools

They posed asBlack Lives Matter activists exposing police brutality and as people who wanted to acquire guns to shootpolice officers. In so doing, they not only fanned the flames of division but provided those in each groupwith evidence that their imagined opponents were indeed as horrible as they suspected.

usin

They have accepted the grim reality that nine-tenths of all writing is rewriting

chall

My chief aim, both in this chapter and throughout the book, is to help you develop "writer's sense."

focusing on commonalities rather than differences (e.g., “we’re all Amer-icans”; SM) or communicating in the moral language of the other side (e.g., when liberals frame the consequences of climate change in terms of sanctity violations; SM).

11)

he association of district-level with national representation—surged from 0.54 in the 1970s to 0.94 by the 2010s (2 ).

recommending that an opposing partisan be denied a scholarship

broadcast news era, during which impartiality was prized, began in the 1980s, driven in part by the Reagan admin-istration’s termination of the Federal Com-munications Commission (FCC) “fairness doctrine” in 1987.

Whereas the foundational metaphor for trib-alism is kinship, the foundational metaphor for political sectarianism is religion, which evokes analogies focusing less on genetic re-latedness than on strong faith in the moral correctness and superiority of one’s sect .

the severity of political conflict has grown increasingly divorced from the magnitude of policy disagreement

Out-part y hate has also become more powerful than in-party love as a pre-dictor of voting behavior (2), and by some metrics, it exceeds long-standing antipa-thies around race and religion (SM).

Only recently, however, has this aversion exceeded their affection

There is no necessary reason why someone’s position on abortion should predict theirposition on global warming should predict their position on welfare should predict theirposition on school choice should predict their position on illegal immigration.

most evolutionarily primal cleavage of them all.

why so much of our moralizing does not consist in pondering how to universalize the maximof our actions or to bring about the greatest good for the greatest number, but rather ofcondemning, demonizing, or scapegoating a designated sinner.

Certainly there is a tribal flavor to political polarization. Men’s testosterone rises or falls onelection night, depending on whether their side wins, just as it does on Super Bowl Sunday

“the desire to reach conclusions that are consistent with avalued identity.”

the best informed voters are by far themost partisan.

8.3 percent of Democrats and 13.8 percent ofRepublicans said violence would be justified on a scale ranging from “a little” to “a lot.”

48.8 million voters out of the 136.7 million who cast ballots in 2016believe that members of opposition party are in league with the devil.

justice, fortitude, and every manly virtue which can adorn a good 60 citizen, do honor to your country, and render your parents supremely happy, particularly your ever affectionate mother

people who have made a glorious defence of their invaded liberties

scourges

wisdom and penetration are the fruit of 35 experience, not the lessons of retirement and leisure

Would Cicero have shone so di

It is not in the still calm of life, or the repose of a pacific station, that great characters are formed

that increases its stream the further it flows from its source

If I had thought your reluctance arose from proper deliberation, or that you were capable of judging what was most for your own 5 Linebenefit, I should not have urged you to accompany your father and brother when you appeared so averse to the voyage

1780

advise

ohn Quincy Adams, who is traveling abroad

to ask them to give up their lives for a cause and then not produce for them afterwards, 85 is the most vicious type of oppression

When you lose your sense of life and justice, you lose your strength.

Freedom is best experienced through participation and self-55 determination, and free men and women instinctively prefer democratic change to any other means.

The burdens of generations of poverty and powerlessness lie heavy in the fields of America.

We work on the theory that men and women who are truly 40concerned about people are nonviolent by nature.

yearn for justice

support of millions who have a conscience

eith

nonviolence is more powerful than violence

Our conviction is that human life is a very special possession given by God to man

inspired much of the philosophy and strategy of the farm workers’ movement.

nonviolent resistance

helping those in need

Thepitchercriesforwatertocarryandapersonforworkthatisreal.

Botched,itsmearsthehands,crumblestodust.

commonasmud

blacksleekheadsofseals