Learning is promoted when learners engage in application of their newly acquired knowledge or skill that is consistent with the type of content being taught. Way too much instruction uses remembering information as a primary assessment tool.
I just realized how much Art courses depend on this formula. No one would learn anything if all we did was watch the instructor paint for an hour and then have him turn around and ask us to copy it perfectly. But in math and English, that seems to be exactly what's expected. Really interesting to see how certain fields of study either follow or distance themselves from these steps.