The emerging discipline of cliometrics, for which Robert Fogel and Douglass North received a Nobel prize in 1993, is the probabilistic and predictive study of economic history, using statistical methods and economic theories, and new methods of historical research. It is one way our history gets more predictive, and it helps us to find more hard and soft economic and societal trends.
Cliometrics seems like an interesting evidenced based approach to predicting the future.