Mario Altenor
Prof: Jeff Peer
Subject: English 2800
Date: 3/5/2018
According to Homer, the relation between the gods (immortals) and the mortals represent the mainstream during the ancient Greek time. The sky, the sea, love, sex, or war, all obey to the will of a god who has strong power over the happiness or sadness of the mortals. As I want to agree that the mortals need to follow certain steps to gain the grace of the gods, I also agree that they have to sometime blame the gods for their troubles. Specially in the case Penelope, the righteous, who was suffering and waiting for her husband Odysseus faithfully while the god prevented him from reaching Ithaca after the Troy war. For such a punishment, where Homer doesn't present in the book any reason to support so, she reclaims death instead of giving up on her heart to marry one of the suitors. It begins:
So may the Olympians blot me out,
Or Artemis, in her tall headdress, shoot me,
That I may pass beneath the hateful hearth
With Odysseus in my mind's eye, never
To gratify the heart of a lesser man (569, Line 85-89).
By this deprivation, Penelope suffering finds its source from the fact the goddess uses their divine beauty power to trap men, Zeus didn't protect the mortals, and women don't have a great value to the eye of the gods.
One of the biggest tools that a goddess has to trap a man is her beauty. It is what makes a human understand that they are not possessed. I mean, the physical appearance of the goddess is so real; this always gives their passion a reason to keep on growing no matter what. "But if you had any idea of all the pain/You're destined to suffer before you getting home,/You'd stay here with me, deathless/Think of it, Odysseus! - no matter how much/You missed your wife and wanted to see her again./You spend all your daylight hour yearning for her./I don't mind saying she's not my equal/In beauty, no matter how you measure it./Mortal beauty cannot compared with immortal." Calypso comparing herself to Penelope is a sense of selfishness that I discover about many gods. Could she realize also that as an immortal, she can have any other man she wants. I mean, a man who doesn't have a family waiting for him. Another example of selfishness of the goddess has to do with Helene, the wife of the king Menelaus. Aphrodite doesn't skip to make her betray her king whom she is really loves. "Aphrodite gave me when she led me away/From my native land, leaving my dear child,/ My bridal chamber, and my husband,/ A man who lacked nothing in wisdom or look (371, Line 280 - 285)." The gods take control of human free will, and they destroy her soon or later if you try opposite
Through this book named Odysseus, a Greek hero was away from his son and his wife and kept captive in a goddess island for almost 20 years against his will. However, it is not clear to me that Zeus was not aware of Odysseus hardship to reach Ithaca where his wife lives after the Troy's war. "But it's Odysseus that I am worried about,/That discerning, ill-fated man. He's suffered/So long, separated from his dear ones/On an island that lies the center of the sea,/A wooded isle that is home to a goddess,/The daughter of Atlas, whose dread min knows/All the depths of the sea and who support/The tall pillars that keeps earth and heaven apart (333, Line 53-60). Knowing who Zeus is and the power that he has on all the mortals and immortal, I feel that this is very weak. I see a complete unbalance about his power. First, Agamemnon was able to come back even his wife was not expecting him because she had already fell in love with someone. Second, Menelaus also was able to come back to his kingdom when Helene had betrayed him with one of the Troy princes. They both come back and become happy lovers. However, Penelope who was a faithful queen was not capable to get the same privilege. Another Zeus' unbalance of power can be seen on the antagonism relationship between the god of the sea and Odysseus. "How could I forget godlike Odysseus?/No other mortal has a mind like his, or offers/Sacrifices like him to the deathless gods in heaven./But Poseidon is stiff and cold with anger/Because Odysseus blinded his son, Cyclopes/ Polyphemus, the strongest of all the cyclopes,/Nearly a god (334, Line 71-77)." Odysseus offers as much as sacrifices to the gods as he should do. Wouldn't it make more sense to assume the Olympians don't have some consideration for women's happiness?
Regardless a mortal or an immortal, women don't have a great value to the eye of the gods. They are easily targeted or hurt by the god whether they are right or wrong. "Your gods are the most jealous bastard in the universe - /Persecuting any goddess who ever openly takes/A mortal lover to her bed and sleeps with him./When Dawn caressed Orion with her rosy fingers,/You celestial layabouts gave her nothing but troubles/Until Artemis finally shot him on Ortygia - (388, Line118-123)." Homer demonstrates a problem of double standard in the ancient Greek society. The women….