16 Matching Annotations
  1. May 2025
    1. Entropy is ameasure of disorder in the system and increases as a substance moves from solid to gas becausethe molecules are free to move around more.

      You could add a bit here about how dissolution also affects entropy

    1. 𝑞௪௔௧௘௥ = 𝑚௪௔௧௘௥ ∗ 𝑐௪௔௧௘௥ ∗△ 𝑇௪௔௧௘௥ Equation 1In calorimetry the heat flow of the water is equal to the negative of the heat flow of thedissolution process as shown below in Equation 2.𝑞ௗ௜௦௦௢௟௨௧௜௢௡ = −𝑞௪௔௧௘௥ Equation 2The overall value of △ 𝐻 can be determined using equation 3 shown below.△ 𝐻𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 𝑞𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑛𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒Equation 3The equilibrium concentration 𝐾௖ can be determined by dissolving a compound in water.The known amount of a substance is dissolved which allows it to reach equilibrium. The 𝐾௖value is the molar solubility of the substance. The chemical equation describing the dissolutionof a substance and the 𝐾௖ equation is shown below in Equation 4 and 5.𝐶𝑂(𝑁𝐻2)2(𝑠) ⇌ 𝐶𝑂(𝑁𝐻2)2(𝑎𝑞) Equation 4𝐾௖=[𝐶𝑂(𝑁𝐻2)2]

      I would recommend adding some whitespace around the equations

    1. ΔG combines both enthalpy and entropy to give a full picture of the energy change in thesystem, as seen in Equation 7. Along with that, it helps predict the direction of a chemicalreaction.

      You already introduced enthalpy earlier in the introduction, but this is the first mention of entropy. Perhaps it would be better to wait to bring it, and the relating equation, to the paper until after you formally introduce entropy change?