This is short, synthetic strands of RNA, typically ranging from 2 to 50 nucleotides in length, used in various molecular biology applications

This is the folded conformations that a DNA or RNA template can adopt due to intramolecular base pairing, forming structures like hairpins or stem-loops, It can interrupt or intervene with DNA replication, transcription, translation and etc.

Most likely because they have been replaced by more efficient protein enzymes due to evolution.

Stands for Male Reproductive System. It includes the testes (sperm is made), seminal vesicles (store sperm), accessory glands (affects female behavior after mating), ejaculatory duct and bulb (transfer sperm to female)

These are actions or signals that males use to attract a mate, and convince those mates to reproduce offspring with them.

These are actions or signals that males use to attract a mate, and convince those mates to reproduce offspring with them.

Abiotic factors like temperature and humidity affect D. melanogaster's growth and survival, with optimal conditions boosting development and extremes causing harm. Biotic factors like helpful microbes support health, while predators, pathogens, and competition can reduce survival.

Many of the microbes include yeast and bacteria, and for the arthropods they include other Drosophila flies, mites, beetles and ants. These microbes and arthropods benefit each other. For example the Saccharomyces cerevisiae (baker’s yeast) is often found on rotting fruit; provides nutrients and volatiles that attract flies. The arthropods, such as the mites, beetles and ants, can often be harmful to the Drosophila flies, as they do compete for food and nutrients and often prey on eggs or larvae.

A scientist who studies insects.

The presence or abundance of G. Cernua can signal environmental issues, such as Pollution Indicators, Ecosystem Imbalance and Impact on Other Species as well.

Rheophilic species are organisms that prefer or are adapted to living in fast-flowing or turbulent water environments, such as rivers and streams.

This is a type of ecosystem that is described by still water environments that are located in Europe. Examples include lakes, ponds and reservoirs.

The Lagrangian Modeling is a method to analyze the motion of objects by using the Lagrangian function, which is the difference between kinetic and potential energy

Ephemeral means short-lived and temporary.

Microplastics are plastic particles less than 5 millimeters in diameter. They are widespread across the Earth. Wildlife and Humans can ingest these, which can potentially result in health and ecological problems.

Many ant species use this energy toward their foraging, movement and activity, nest maintenances', and colony communication and defense.

Homopterans and ants, generally are mutualistic because of protection and care by ants, honeydew protection by homopterans, farming behavior and dependency on one another.

Excretion Rate is how fast an organism removes waste products from its body.

Many of these adaptations include insulating layer, huddling behavior, efficient swimming, counter-shading camouflage and etc.

As the temperature rises, it causes the sea ice to melt and break apart, which results in open water for the chicks. This change in temperature is part of natural cycle of polar region, from variations in temperature change.

I find it funny how the role of female and male Emperor Penguins is much more different and controversial to the traditional way of society.

Linear Regression Analysis is a statistical method used to model and analyze the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables.

The Gaussian Distribution is known as a normal distribution. It is shown as a bell-shaped curve. It is widely used in statistics and natural sciences as well.

A Poisson Distribution is a probability distribution that shows how likely it is for a certain number of events to happen in a fixed period of time or space, assuming the events occur randomly, independently, and at a constant average rate.