Men were expected to participate in all aspects of public life, to excel in learning, in their trade, in governance, and to do so with the aggressive and assertive behavior particular to their superior biological construction.
I find this really funny cause credible studies have shown that time and time again, women are shown to live longer than men and are smarter as well.
Men, who in renaissance Christian thought were created in the image of a male God, were believed to have a natural superiority over their female counterparts.
That would explain why men back then thought they were God's greatest gift, because they were.
"Fortune is a woman and if you wish to keep her under it is necessary to beat and ill use her; and it is seen she allows herself to be mastered by the adventurous rather than by those who go to work more coldly.
This is just an abusive relationship. I'm relieved we moved past this era of humanity.
Guido Mazzoni’s terracotta Lamentation tableau created for the Duke of Ferrara, biblical characters perform their sorrow over Christ’s death in ways that reflect expectations for gendered emotional experience: the women are collectively far more violent than the men in their expressions of grief.
And men still have expectations to hide their emotions for the delusions of masculinity to this very day.
German artist Albrecht Dürer’s engraving of Adam and Eve includes numerous symbols associated with the four humors: a rabbit (blood), an ox (phlegm), a cat (yellow bile), and an elk (black bile)
But what do those symbols mean, and why were these specific animals chosen?
Notice that she does not look at the angel but is almost frightened. She knew that it was an angel…What would she have done had it been a man! Take this as an example you maidens!
The tale of the Virgin Mary.
Eve was the temptress who led the first man, Adam, into breaking God’s law, sentencing humankind to toil and death. Every woman thereafter was thought to live in the shadow of Eve’s sin, justly sentenced to the pains of childbirth, the labors of motherhood, and submission to her husband.
Is that why women don't get that much respect, unlike men, because of what Eve did? That's messed up.
gender refers to the social role that a person plays based upon individual and collective ideas about identity as it relates to being a man or a woman. Different cultures define masculinity and femininity differently. These social roles are constructed by multiple factors including medical understandings of the body and mind, as well as cultural and religious ideas about the sexes.
Society will always judge you when you do something the majority doesn't agree on. That's why prejudice and racism are still around, no matter how hard we fight back.
While he stands erect and linear, she sits, swathed in copious folds of costly fabric that suggest the rounded forms of her body. While he is active, she is passive, her containment within the domestic sphere affirmed by the window to her right. Eleonora’s bodily comportment is a far remove from her husband’s thrusting fist that intrudes upon the audience’s space. The small dog and the costly clock that rests upon the table beside her remind us of her loyalty and patience in reservedly awaiting her husband whose military pursuits often kept him abroad.
This was probably the norm that most men viewed women as. Their looks, alluring body, and physique rather than the inside of who they are.
Francesco Maria’s prominent codpiece and piercing stare emphasize his aggressive masculinity, while his dark beard and ruddy complexion mark him as a mature man of action.
His stance and presentable figure are what led men to believe he is the alpha and the omega.
In some instances, these works on paper serve as the only remaining evidence of a work now lost to history. Such is the case, for example, with Leonardo’s designs for the famed fresco of The Battle at Anghiari once planned to adorn Florence’s Sala dei Cinquecento but that has been handed down only in the form of preparatory drawings.
It's important to preserve history because it not only saves these works from being lost to time, but it also helps inspire future generations and what we can learn from the past to make the future better.
These were often done in pen and ink or metalpoint because both offered a balance of precise line and tonal effects (through hatching) that could conjure the intricacies of the body’s mass and proportion
I wonder what other tools and utensils elevate different types of art mediums to get the result the artist wanted?
These relatively simplified silhouettes could reflect the infancy of an artistic idea or experimentation with variations borrowed from earlier works. Sometimes an early drawing is referred to as a primo pensiero, or “first thought” or as a schizzo, or (quick) sketch.
I've seen the same idea applied to storytelling. You start with a blank canvas; you get an idea of what story you want to tell. What the main conflict is throughout the narrative, who the main characters are, and what world and setting you want these conflicts to take place in. This thought process is why we engage in art as a whole. It's how new ideas and stories get told.
When working out a new concept, Renaissance artists would typically sketch (in graphite or pen and ink on paper) in loose strokes to define fragments of figures or architecture.
This is very interesting cause artists usually do sketching to brainstorm ideas for their drawing before going through with the final touches.
Federico Zuccaro echoed a similar sentiment in L’Idea di pittori, scultori ed architetti (1607), in which he proclaimed “painting is . . . the daughter of Nature and Disegno.” Disegno was particularly celebrated in cities like Rome, where the study of antique artifacts prompted artists to excel in conjuring the details of the body
If painting is the daughter of nature and design, then does that mean storytelling is the son as well?
as even the seemingly minute detail of the sibyl’s toe is lavished with attention
I know I want to show this to A.I. bros who think generating a picture is considered "Art."
artists often collaborated with other artists in the creation of the finished product, revealing valuable visual evidence as to how artistic ingenuity was at times the result not of one set of hands, but of many.
If more artists contributed to the making of other famous works, why aren't they credited as well? Shouldn't everyone get the credit for their work, too?