Classifying the viewers based on how they utilise the platform can help the sport SLSSs firms understand customer contributions and perceived value, and then engage with the viewers effectively.

According to the CDC, 31% ofchildren with disabilities ages 4 to 11 reportedbeing sad, unhappy or depressed, while 28%of adults with disabilities reported feelings ofsadness, unhappiness and depression prevent-ing them from being active

Findings indicated that participationpositively influenced quality of life, overall health, quality of family life, and quality of social life.Athletic identity was also reported and compared with other samples of people with and withoutdisabilities. Findings and implications for therapeutic recreation professionals were discussed.

Ramon B. Zabriskie, Neil R. Lundberg, and Diane G. Groff

Theirachievement is made more difficult, however,by a medical environment that is often con-strained by high costs, demands for efficiency,and decreased lengths of stay.

Particularly,program managers should consider advocatingfor family involvement when appropriate toimprove the overall experience for participantsand to foster the development of quality familylife. Therapeutic recreation professionals inother healthcare settings should also increasetheir networking with community-based adap-tive sport programs by providing appropriatereferrals, particularly when working towardthe community reintegration of client

Disabilities includeddevelopmental disabilities (25.2%), autism(22.5%), visual impairments (15.3%), hearingimpairments (10.8%), learning disabilities(10.8%), brain injury (8.1%), cerebral palsy(6.3%), multiple sclerosis (5.4%), spina bifida(3.6%), orthopedic impairments (3.6%), am-putation (2.7%), epilepsy (2.7%), spinal cordinjury (1.8%), and muscular dystrophy

. Other barriers tocommunity participation noted by individualswith disabilities are lack of time, limited in-come, and lack of awareness. Given that com-munity participation may be one way to helpoffset existing health disparities,

According tothe National Organization on Disability(NOD), when individuals with disabilities arecompared to their peers without disabilitiesthey lag "somewhat" or "very far" behind ineight key areas of life: education, employment,income, health care, transportation, entertain-ment and socializing, political participation,and life satisfaction.

The provision of therapeutic recreation istypically described as a continuum of servicesranging from treatment interventions to inde-pendent recreation and leisure experiences.

r. Ramon Zabriskie is an Associate Professor in the Department of Recreation Managementand Youth Leadership at Brigham Young University. Neil Lundberg is a Lecturer at IndianaUniversity in the Department of Recreation and Parks Administration and the formerProgram Director at the National Ability Center in Park City, UT. Dr. Diane Groff is anAssistant Professor in the Department of Exercise and Sport Science at the University ofNorth Carolina at Chapel Hill.

The purpose of the study was to examine perceived outcomes of participation in a community-basedtherapeutic recreation and adapted sports program on the quality of life and athletic identity ofindividuals with disabilities

Maleathletes with disabilities are also more likely thanmales with disabilities who do not participate insports to exhibit mental characteristics represen-tative of emotionally healthy adults (Apple,1996; Hutzler & Sherrill, 1999)

The importance of sensory-motor perception in gymnastics isshown by the player's sense of themovement of his body parts and theextent of control over changing theposition of the body according to whatis required by the motor duty, as themuscles working in each of the

Title 9 legislation entitled female students to be included in sports activities open to male students, but no national legislation mandates inclusion for those with disabilities.