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    1. But kings, although their power comes from on high, as has been said, should not regard themselves as masters of that power to use it at their pleasure ; . . . they must employ it with fear and self-restraint, as a thing coming from God and of which God will demand an account. “Hear, O kings, and take heed, understand, judges of the earth, lend your ears, ye who hold the peoples under your sway, and delight to see the multitude that surround you. It is God who gives you the power.

      Observation: Bossuet warns kings that they will be judged by God for how they use their power

      Interpretation: This shows that although kings had power, they were still expected to rule with their power responsibly escpecially with the religious standards they were being held up to.

      Connection: This connects to the tertiary sourse, which explains that absolutist ideology still made a moral and ethical responsibility, even though political authority was the main rule.

      Consequence: When abusing the power that they have, there are consequences that can take place if rulers failed to live up to moral and religious expecations.

    2. The prince, as prince, is not regarded as a private person: he is a public personage, all the state is in him; the will of all the people is included in his. As all perfection and all strength are united in God, so all the power of individuals is united in the person of the prince.

      Observation: The author says that the king represents everything and multiple, and is not just one thing.

      Interpretation: It says that political power was centralized in the monarch and that citizens were expected to see the king as a ruler or leader as something they would be able to look up to as a nation

      Connection: This connects to the visual source of Versailles, which shows how Louis XIV used symbolism and scale to represent himself as the center of the French state

      Continuity: This shows the continuation of centralized authority in France as monarchs worked to control people in the area and government.

    3. It appears from all this that the person of the king is sacred, and that to attack him in any way is sacrilege. God has the kings anointed by his prophets with the holy unction in like manner as he has bishops and altars anointed.

      Observation: Bossuet says that the king is sacred and that harming or going against him is considered a crime.

      Interpretation: This shows that people who beleived in divine rights from their God saw opposing the king as morally and religiously wrong, but not politically illegal.

      Connection: I think this connects to the tertiary source, which says that absolutist rulers justified their authority by saying that it was directly in line with God, in order to prevent people from rebelling.

      Cause: The belief was that the king was sacred and helped cause obedience throughout the population and caused people to less likely act out against authority.

    4. The royal power is absolute. With the aim of making this truth hateful and insufferable, many writers have tried to confound absolute government with arbitrary government. But no two things could be more unlike, as we shall show when we come to speak of justice. The prince need render account of his acts to no one.

      Observation: Bossuet says that the Royal power is absolute and that the king doesn't answer to anyone on earth

      Interpretation: This shows that people who may have supported absolutionism believed the king should not be limited by institutions like parliaments or assemblies, because his authority came from God, so that should be who is asked upon.

      Connection: This connects to the tertiary source, which says that French absolutism places all political authority in the hands of the monarch.

      Context: When you understand the contect of 17th century France it helps understand and interpret how these arguments were played out, since some monarchs were trying to justify centralized power and prevent changed to their rule.