To prevent increased greenhouse-gas emissions from this production sector, both the average worldwide consumption level of animal products and the intensity of emissions from livestock production must be reduced. An international contraction and convergence strategy offers a feasible route to such a goal. The current global average meat consumption is 100 g per person per day, with about a ten-fold variation between high-consuming and low-consuming populations. 90 g per day is proposed as a working global target, shared more evenly, with not more than 50 g per day coming from red meat from ruminants (ie, cattle, sheep, goats, and other digastric grazers).

the rest she gave to a worthy gentleman whom she married shortly after, and whose kind treatment soon made her forget Blue Beard’s cruelty

plunging their swords into his body he fell down dead at their feet.

ust at this instant a loud knocking was heard at the gates, which made Blue Beard wait for a moment to see who it was. The gates now flew open, and two of-ficers, dressed in their uniform, came in, and, with their swords in their hands, ran straight to Blue Beard, who, seeing they were his wife’s brothers, tried to escape from their presence

called her sis-ter; and after telling her, as well as she could for sobbing, that she had but half a quarter of an hour to live

key, she was at last forced to give it to Blue Beard. He looked hard at it, and then said: “How came this blood upon the key?” “I am sure I do not know,” replied the poor lady, at the same time turning as white as a sheet.

she found that the key of the closet had got stained with blood

he saw that the floor was covered with clotted blood, on which the bodies of several dead women were lying.These were all the wives whom Blue Beard had married, and killed one after another.

When she reached the door of the closet, she stopped for a few moments to think of the order her husband had given her, and how he had told her that he would not fail to keep his word and punish her very severely, if she did not obey him.

she slipped away down a private staircase that led to this forbidden closet,

So great, indeed, was her desire to do this, that

she was eager to see what was in the closet her husband had told her not to open.

the friends of his wife did not wait to be asked, so eager were they to see all the riches and fine things she had gained by marriage; for they had none of them gone to the wedding, on account of their dislike to the blue beard of the bridegroom.

This, my dear, you must not enter, nor even put the key into the lock, for all the world. If you do not obey me in this one thing, you must expect the most dreadful punishments.”

be-sides, they had heard of his having been married to several wives before, and nobody could tell what

ciety. "Today the white people want to be colored," Jamaica Kincaid asserts. "There is no longer such a thing as an 'American' culture. It's all black culture."

s. These artists presume that black experiences are universal experi- ences. If, as Wright once put it, "the Negro is America's metaphor," this generation seems to maintain that the experiences of African Americans are metaphors for the entire human condition, with America itself stand- ing as a metaphor for much that has been liberating as well as horrendous in black and human h

Black Studies departments have never had larger enrollments or a stronger, more solid presence at America's premier research ins

ere. On two occa- sions in the past two years, no less than three black authors appeared simultaneously on the New York Times best seller list (one author, Toni Mor- rison, appeared in both the fiction and nonfiction categories). "All black books these days are trade books," commented Erroll McDonald, a Yale graduate and vice president at Pantheon Books. "The 'one-nigger syn- drome' is de

Critics date the current renaissance variously, some tracing its origins to the resurgence of black women's literature and criticism in the early eighties, especially in the works of Ntozake Shange, Michele Wallace, Al- ice Walker, and Toni Morrison. These women and their successors were able, simultaneously, to reach a large, traditionally middle-class, white female readership plus a new black female audience that had been largely untapped. The growth of this community of readers has resulted in an unrivalled number of novels by and about black women since 1980, as well as an unprecedentedly large African American market for books about every aspect of the black experience. While it is always arbitrary to try to date a cultural movement, it seems reasonable to note an upsurge in black creativity in 1987, th

The Harlem or New Negro Renaissance was born through the mid- wifery of Locke, who edited a special issue of Survey Graphic magazine entitled "Harlem: Mecca of the New Negro" in March of 1925

. Picasso's Les Demoiselles d'Avignon (1906-7)- the signature event in the creation of cubism-stands as a testament to the shaping influence of African sculpture and to the central role that African art played in the creation of modernism. The cubist mask of mod- ernism covers a black Bantu face. African art-ugly, primitive, debased in 1900; sublime, complex, valorized by 1910-was transformed so dra- matically in the cultural imagination of the West, in such an astonishingly short period, that the potential for the political uses of black art and liter- ature in America could not escape the notice of African American in

Today's African American renaissance is the fourth such movement in the arts in this century. It is also the most successful and the most sustained. The first occurred at the turn of the century. In 1901, the black Bostonian William Stanley Braithwaite, a distinguished critic and poet, argued that "we are at the commencement of a 'negroid' renaissance ... that will have as much importance in literary history as the much spoken of and much praised Celtic and Canadian renaiss

Mobilizing Youth for Social Change 107 landscape, I explore how youth of color use hip-hop to mobilize other youth around inequalities related to these civil rights losses: inadequate school programs, the erosion of affirmative action in California, violence on their school campuses, and racial profiling by law enforcement officials. For

e the 1970s, hip-hop culture has commu? nicated a particular experience of what it means to be young, Black, and (often) male.

t, hip-hop is an important cultural art form for youth at this particular historical moment, post-civil rights. Second, hip-hop culture is a significant tool in organizing other

When the emergency alert system failed, the police called the town radio stations, six of which are owned by the corporate giant Clear Channel. According to news accounts, no one answered the phone at the stations for more than an hour and a half. Three hundred people were hospitalized, some partially blinded by the ammonia. Pets and livestock were killed.

Under the old rules, the top two owners had 115 stations between them. Today, the top two own more than 1,400 stations.

Act of 1996 increased the number of stations that one entity could own in a single market and permitted companies to buy up as many stations nationally as their deep pockets would allow.

But independent radio stations that once would have played edgy, political music have been gobbled up by corporations that control hundreds of stations and have no wish to rock the boat. Corporate ownership has changed what gets played

After the National Guard killed four antiwar demonstrators at Kent State University in Ohio in the spring of 1970, Crosby, Stills, Nash and Young recorded a song, simply titled ''Ohio,'' about the horror of the event, criticizing President Richard Nixon by name. The song was rushed onto the air while sentiment was still high, and became both an antiwar anthem and a huge moneymaker.

expanding Pell Grants and making student debt more manageable by expanding loan repayment options that cap payments based on income

college remains the greatest driver of socioeconomic mobility in America, but if we don't do more to keep it within reach for middle-class families and those striving to get into the middle class, it could have the opposite effect—serving as a barrier, instead of as a ticket to the American Dream.

Over the course of a lifetime, the average worker with a bachelor's degree will earn approximately $1 million more than a worker without a postsecondary education.

a college education remains the best investment a student can make in his or her future.

In today's economy, higher education is no longer a luxury for the privileged few, but a necessity for individual economic opportunity and America's competitiveness in the global economy.

Today, three-quarters of the fastest-growing occupations require education and training beyond a high school diploma.