The FedEx Office case offers a clear example to use when talking about the parameters of publishing/printing out BY-NC-SA licensed work. Our school bookstore approached the OER group about providing low cost “books” of CC licensed work. He made it clear he would make no profit off the copies. If they didn’t sell, that was fine. The bookstores are under threat from open licensed materials. What I thought was a lovely ploy to bring students into the bookstore to buy sundries, actually reflects his reality. Printing out CC licensed OER is best done at price that only can cover the price of the book and a small charge for their overhead.

I enjoyed learning about open licensing history, the OPL and the OCL, precursors to Creative Commons. I have read other writings of Dr. Wiley and his knew of his involvement with Lumen Learning and CC. I was not surprised to know that he connected the ideals open software and open publishing. I took for granted that a lot of software was open source, I didn’t question the duality between commercial software and the free stuff. Such thinking may mark a turning point for Open, reflecting how the concept of open can co-exists our heads. Things in the Open world seem to be gaining momentum. An example is the price of textbooks has plateaued and even fallen in the US. (bls.gov and fred.stlouisfed.org).

The article addresses how public domain objects returns to copyright when cultural institutions create photographic reproductions. This has the effect of limiting public access to culture. I’m curious if this may be related to local copyright law without Freedom of Panorama (FOP). Freedom of Panorama allows photographs and video of buildings, public art and other public work to be used for commercial purposes. Without it, any image/video of art, architecture and public are may be protected by copyright for a period of time. This map found on Wikipedia’s Freedom of Panorama entry, illustrates that many countries in the EU lack freedom of panorama such as France, Italy and Greece. If the freedom of panorama is given in local copyright, creating an image becomes a derivative work, without it, using it commercially violates copyright. Is a museum considered a public space and subject to FOP restrictions? Tricky. Further research found that this was being addressed by the EU in 2017 with limited success.

The author argues that the model of green and gold have not worked to further open scholarship and suggests solutions meant to increase revenue in scholarly publishing that supports Open Access. He claims piracy, such as Sci-Hub, and the lack of academic institution blocking access constitutes complicity. It is clear the scholarly model is broken. Access to journals and research is de facto open thus the industry needs to shift its business model.

There is an additional resource I suggest be added, Paywall the Business of Scholarship documentary. It works as both an introduction to the topic, but also provides resources geared towards advocacy. It directly addresses issues with piracy and equity.

The inclusion of multiple modes of content delivery is a great way to take advantage of online learning. Students expect to have text and visuals, such as the Open Access Explained video.

Nobel laureate in Economics, Elinor Ostrom’s work concerns the concept of the commons, how successful management is critical and why important to include all stakeholders. Her work addresses how communities manage and govern their commons. Her 8 Principles for Managing a Commons most likely was considered during the creation of Creative Commons. Comparing her principles, you can see how each one translates into CC’s work. The licenses define clear boundaries with the four elements BY, SA, NC and ND. CC has developed a system of monitoring and management carried out by community members. Following these principles, as CC does, keeps the organization responsive to change and working with communities worldwide. I found myself reflecting on how a successful use of the commons can translate to success, but also disappointed to realize bringing people together isn’t easy. This makes the CC an impressive expression of the 8 Concepts working in a real world situation.

He ends with a solid endorsement of the public domain, how important it is to build knowledge using old knowledge. Using limited copyrights is the proper course to take if we are to continuing benefiting from the work of others. His arguments about property state you can't own an idea, it needs to cycle through the public domain becoming part of the continuing conversations.

Well presented, thoughtful look at OER in high ed. Great resource links.