poor man’s slave was deemed a disgrace indeed!
Even among the white slave owners, there was a hierarchy.
94 Matching Annotations
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While on their way, they would make the dense old woods, for miles around, reverberate with their wild songs, revealing at once the highest joy and the deepest sadness.
Despite of the terrible life they had working as slaves in a farm/plantation, they made light of it all through songs and music.
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Children from seven to ten years old, of both sexes, almost naked, might be seen at all seasons of the year.
Seems like children of the slaves met even worse conditions because they only had shirts to cover themselves with. At least this was what the owners provided the parents with.
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humane slaveholder.
The very word and title are very contradictory.
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this is done too obviously to administer to their own lusts, and make a gratification of their wicked desires profitable as well as pleasurable;
A strong argument made by Douglass. It is beneficial for slaveholders to rape their enslaved women. To satisfy their carnal thirst and monetary needs.
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I never saw my mother, to know her as such, more than four or five times in my life; and each of these times was very short in duration, and at night.
Douglass never knew his mom on a personal level and she died when he was seven years old.
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never having seen any authentic record containing it. By far the larger part of the slaves know as little of their ages as horses know of theirs,
Definitely was intentional because African-American lives weren't that important to city officials. There was no point in keeping record of slaves as they were considered as property or cattle.
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- Sep 2025
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Local file Local fileaj-074.mdi39
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he next newes was, they had taken twoof our men ranging in the woods (which mischiefe ' no punish-ment will prevent but hanging): and these they would, shouldredeeme * their owne 16. or 18.; thus braving us to our doores.
Conflict between the settlers and the native americans that the natives captured two of the settler's men and JS caught one guy and seeds to torture him? It's a little confusing
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he next newes was, they had taken twoof our men ranging in the woods (which mischiefe ' no punish-ment will prevent but hanging): and these they would, shouldredeeme * their owne 16. or 18.; thus braving us to our doores.
Conflict between the settlers and the native americans that the natives captured two of the settler's men and JS caught one guy and seeds to torture him? It's a little confusing
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who seeing their pride soincountred, were so submissive, and willing to doe any thingas might be. And with trembling feare desired to be friends,within three daies after.
The natives seemed nervous towards JS and his men that they didn't really put up a fight or resist
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t our Fort, the tooles we had, were so ordinarily stolenby the Indians, as necessity inforced us to correct their bravingtheeverie:
Seems like there was an issue where the Natives kept stealing tools and such from the settlers that they needed to take action for it to stop
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wasourfriend,and hadneitherbowesnorarrowes;whatdidweedoubt?ItoldhimitwasthecustomeofourCountry,notdoubtingofhiskindnesanywaies:wherewiththoughheeseemedsatisfied,yetCaptameNuportcausedallourmentoretiretothewaterside,whichwassomethirtiescore*fromthence.
Cpt Newport asked John Smith why they're carrying weapons. Differences in culture and customs, and they're sorting things out in a civilized manner.
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Victuals youmustknowisalltherewealth, andthegreatestkindnesthey couldshewus.
A kind compliment JS offers the natives. Kinda saying "It's not much but it's honest work." He's understanding though; he recognizes that the natives are very much welcoming that they even named HIM chief.
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This done,Iaskedhimforthecorneandgroundhepromisedme.HetoldmeIshould haveit:butheex-pectedtohaveallthesemenlaytheirarmesathis feet,asdidhissubjects.Jtoldehimthatwasaceremonieourenemiesdesired, butneverourFriends,aswepresentedourselves untohim;yetthatheshouldnotdoubtofourfriendship.
There seems to be a sort of disagreement between the chief and JS regarding how their weapons are dealt with when it comes to formalities. The natives seem to have wanted to have access to the same weapons the settlers have.
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Ifoundmyselfefirstdeceyved.And knowingbyexperiencethemostoftheircouragestopro-ceedefromothersfeare,thoughfewelykedthepassage,
A sign that John didn't really trust the natives too much. He soon realized that everything was fine, in fact, potentially better than he expected.
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butafteracquaintance,they usuallycameinto theFortattheirpleasure:
There was enough interaction between the settlers and the native there that eventually they seemed to sort of trust each other.
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TheirreligionandCeremonieIobservedwasthus:
This section here was JS's description of their religious practices. Many observations was made but there are moments where he doesn't seem to like it, I guess.
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TedesiredmeetoforsakePaspahegh,andtolivewithhimuponhisRiver,aCountriecalledCapa Howasicke."HeepromisedtogivemeCorne,Venison,orwhatIwantedtofeedeus:HatchetsandCopperweeshouldmakehim,andnone shoulddisturbeus.ThisrequestIpromisedtoper-forme:
There was a sort of business transaction that was made here by the emperor and JS. They agreed to help each other out by trading food for tools and other resources.
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He described acountrie called Anone, where they have abundance of Brasse,and houses walled as ours.
There was another group of settlers they knew about
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a fierce Nation that did eate men,
Apparently there were carnivores
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Hee asked mee the cause of our comming.
So this is a conversation John is having with the "emperor" where they're just talking about their situations. The natives are welcoming towards JS and JS is kindly cooperating and offering some context as to how he ended up where he is now.
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that the yeare before, a shippe had beenein the River of Pamaunke, who having beene kindly enter-tained by Powhatan their Emperour, they returned thence,and discovered the River of Topahanocke: where beingreceived with like kindnesse, yet he slue the King, and tookeof his people, and they supposed I were hee.
There's some context for a sort of misunderstanding where a king was killed by a group of settlers similar to John Smith.
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came a salvage to my lodg-ing, with his sword, to have slaine me: but being by myguard intercepted, with a bowe and arrow he offred to haveeffected his purpose:
Seems like someone was trying to kill John, but a native that was guarding him saved his life.
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The King ® tooke greatdelight in understanding the manner of our ships, and saylingthe seas, the earth and skies, and of our God:
Opechancanough, the chief of the Pamunkey Indians, took the time to understand John Smith and his culture/religion.
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Hachmorning 3. women presentedme three great platters of finebread, more venison then ten men could devour I had: mygowne, points’ and garters, my compas and my tablet they gavemeagain.
Basically, he wasn't treated like shit, but he was well-fed and was given back his belongings he surrendered earlier.
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Though some wise men may condemn this too bould attempt —of too much indiscretion, yet if they well consider the friendshipof the Indians in conducting me, the desolateness of the coun-try, the probabilitie of some lacke,' and the malicious judgesof my actions at home,’
Seems like John Smith has conflicting feelings towards the Natives here. John Smith didn't mind the natives helping out but he thinks of what others may think about him.
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he saw no other way but death with him, he becamepenitent, and declared a dangerous conspiracy: for which,Captaine Kendall, as principal, was by a Jury condemned,and shot to death.
Seems like there was conflict between important members of the fort.
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free gifte, such trifles as wel contentedthem.
It makes it seem like he was kinda "ripping the natives off" with the gifts John was giving them.
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they kindly traded with me and my men,beeing no lesse in doubt of my intent, then I of theirs; for wellI might with twentie men have fraighted a Shippe with Corne.
Again, Smith seems genuinely surprised that he receives such kindness and reciprocity from the Natives when it comes to getting assistance and has the ability to trade.
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and shortly afterit pleased God (in our extremity) to move the Indians to bringus Corne, ere it was halfe ripe, to refresh us, when we ratherexpected when they would destroy us:
It came as a surprise to John Smith that the Native Americans had some sort of humanity within them that they'd help these settlers out during their time of need. John Smith experiencing cruelty his whole life was exposed to a different kind of people that weren't so cruel and, in fact, helpful.
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wishing the best good, yet so sicke and weake;and my selfe so disgrae’d through others mallice: through_ which disorder God (being angrie with us) plagued us withsuch famin ‘and sicknes, that the living were scarce able tobury the dead:
Despite having provisions, these settlers were experiencing famine and disease which devasted the people living within the fort they've constructed.
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churlish
Churlish: rude, bad-tempered, impolite. This could be referring to the time where the group of natives shot at each other.
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they oftenmet us, trading with us for such provision as wee had,
Trade was something of a common occurrence in John Smith's experience.
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Anchoring in this Bay twentie or thirtie went ashore with the Captain, and in comming aboard, they were as-salted with certaine Indians which charged them within Pistollshot: in which conflict, Captaine Archer and Mathew Mortonwere shot : wherupon Captaine Newport seconding them, madeashot at them, which the Indians little respected, but having spenttheir arrowes retyred without harme. A
Seems like when they arrived on the shore, a group of Native Americans shot at the settlers with arrows and were returned with gunfire. Neither party came to harm. Both groups went about their ways afterwards.
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arewell.f. A,
PLEASE KEEP IN MIND! That this portion of the document is NOT written by John Smith.
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Itoldhimthementhat slewmyBrotherwiththeliketearmeshadperswadedme,andbeingunarmedshotat us,andsobetraideus.
He is hesitant but still willing to trust some of the natives.
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Within five or sixe dayes after the arrivall of the Ship, bya mischaunce our Fort was burned, and the most of ourapparell, lodging and private provision.
Ship of supplies was burned down and there are some serious consequences.
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King of that nation called Keka-taugh, having received some kindnes of me at the Fort, kindlyinvited me to feast at his house,
He was invited over to eat with the King of that tribe.
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King of that nation called Keka-taugh, having received some kindnes of me at the Fort, kindlyinvited me to feast at his house,
He was invited over to eat with the King of that tribe.
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hus surprised, I resolved to trie their mercies: my armesI caste from me, till which none durst approch me.
It seemed like he found it weird and almost uncomfortable to sort of surrender his weapons. This proved to be helpful to him considering he met with the King of the tribe.
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Supposing them surprised, and that the Ind-ians had betraid us, presently I seazed him and bound hisarme fast to my hand in a garter, with my pistoll ready bentto be revenged on him: he advised me to fly, and seemedignorant of what was done.
It seemed like the native was trying to help John in this situation when they got ambushed. John Smith doesn't seem to trust the natives still.
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InmyreturnetoPaspahegh,Itradedwiththatchurlishandtrecherousnation:havingloaded10or12bushelsofcorne,theyoffredtotakeourpiecesandswords,yetbystelth,but[we]seemingtodislikeit,they werereadytoassaultus:yetstandinguponourguard,
Lot's of tension here between the settlers and the natives.
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The Indiansthinkingusnearefamished,withcarelessekindnes,oftreduslittlepiecesofbread andsmallhandfullsofbeanesorwheat,forahatchetorapieceofcopper
"carelesse kindnes" I what stood out to me in this passage, because he's describing the natives.
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ndians the day beforehad assalted the fort, and supprised it, had not God (beyondal their expectations) by meanes of the shippes, at whom' they shot with their Ordinances and Muskets, caused themto retire, they had entred the fort with our own men, whichwere then busied in setting Corne,
They experienced attacked from natives.
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where the people shewed us themanner of their diving for Mussels, in which they finde Pearles.
The natives seemed to welcome the settlers by showing their techniques in diving for mussels.
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leaving a mariner in pawn with the Indiansfor a guide of theirs;
They left someone to be alone with the Natives in order for them to have a guide? Maybe I misunderstood
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Local file Local file
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They should be good servants andintelligent, for I observed that they quickly took in what wassaid to them, and I believe that they would easily be madeChristians1 as it appeared to me thatt h e yhad noreligion.
This section was a description of the natives that lived there. It seems like this guy came off patronizing in some way, as if they needed saving from their "primitive" way of living.
Discussion: Servants = Taxpayers to the king. Christians = People who are civilized compared to their "primitive ways"
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it was expected thatthey would be useful in their land, owing to the good companythey had enjoyed and the gifts they had received
It seems like they expected the natives to just acclimate to the new customs traditions just because they were giving gifts to the natives.
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- Aug 2025
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inst-fs-pdx-prod.inscloudgate.net inst-fs-pdx-prod.inscloudgate.net
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threatening their utter ruin,then the Lords of the Confederacy must submit the matter to the decision of their people and the decisionof the people shall affect the decision of the Confederate Council. This decision shall be a confirmation ofthe voice of the people
When it is sought to destroy those who are part of the Five Nations, they would seek opinions of the common people. Whatever the commonfolk say about the matter, the counsel would consider such opinions in their final decision.
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Likewise such persons who submit to laws of foreign nations shallforfeit all birthrights and claims on the Five Nations Confederacy and territory
So, in the case where a Lord sees and becomes a part of one of the European settlements
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Peace among the people of an outside nation and that nation refuses to accept the Great Peace, then bysuch refusal they bring a declaration of war upon themselves from the Five Nations.
In the case a foreign country decides to reject their Great Law of Peace would be considered as a declaration of war(?)
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When a member of an alien nation comes to the territory of the Five Nations and seeks refuge andpermanent residenc
They have a line talking about those seeking asylum within their Five Nations.
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When any alien nation or individual is admitted into the Five Nations the admission shall beunderstood only to be a temporary one
Any foreigner who pledged to be a part of the Five Nations will only be temporary. In the case any codes have been violated, they will be removed of their alliance with the Five Nations.
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he soil of the earth from one end of the land to the other is the property of the people who inhabit it.By birthright the Ongwehonweh (Original beings) are the owners of the soil which they own and occupyand none other may hold it.
This is a statement regarding ownership of the lands they inhabit.
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Should any member of the Five Nations, a family or person belonging to a foreign nation submit aproposal for adoption into a clan of one of the Five Nations, he or they shall furnish a string of shells, aspan in length, as a pledge to the clan into which he or they wish to be adopte
Another case in which a european settler wishes to be a part of the Five Nations. They must wear a string of shells as a pledge to the Nations.
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This is the Hiawatha Belt, now in the Congressional Library
Description and "map" of the wampum belt thats on display at the Smithsonian
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The white portion of the shell strings represent the women and the black portion the men
The meanings of the color of the beans on a wampum belt. Black - MEN / White - WOMEN
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Whilethey are eating they are to use no sharp utensils for if they should they might accidentally cut one anotherand bloodshed would follow
What an odd line, that they wouldn't allow Lords to eat with any sort of sharp utensils in the case one of the lords accidentally stabs another where a fight erupts from that.
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Every five years the Five Nations Confederate Lords and the people shall assemble together and shall askone another if their minds are still in the same spirit of unity for the Great Binding Law
Like good relationships, the nations come together after five years to see if everything is working as it should be under the established terms in the Great Law of Peace.
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embers of the same clan areforbidden to marry
This seems odd to me. I suppose you're supposed to marry other people from other clans to promote peace?
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f a Lord dies and there is no candidate qualified for the office in the family of the women title holders,the Lords of the Nation shall give the title into the hands of a sister family
Seems like the only kind of candidate they're looking for would only be male candidates. If there are no male candidates ready to take on Confederate Lord position, they would look for another candidate with another family closely related to them. Gender Roles is in play here?
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ust be honest in all things. They must not idle or gossip
Another set of qualities expected from Confederate Lords
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If a Lord of the Confederacy should seek to establish any authority independent of the jurisdiction ofthe Confederacy of the Great Peace
This is a provision in case someone wants to act on their own volition without approval or prior consultation with other Confederate Lords. If someone decides to "go rogue," so to speak.
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they shall be proof against anger, offensiveactions and criticism. Their hearts shall be full of peace and good will and their minds filled with a yearningfor the welfare of the people of the Confederacy.
These are expected qualities for those who are Lords of the Confederacy
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Any of the people of the Five Nations may use shells (or wampum) as the record of a pledge, contract or anagreement entered into and the same shall be binding as soon as shell strings shall have been exchanged byboth parties
Wampum belts of any size are considered as legal documents
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If a Confederate Lord desires to resign his title he shall notify the Lords of the Nation
There were also points made in the case when a Confederate Lord wanted to resign.
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Certain physical defects in a Confederate Lord make him ineligible to sit in the Confederate Council.
Seems like there was some form of accommodation in the case a Confederate Lord was disabled.
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If at any time it shall be manifest that a Confederate Lord has not in mind the welfare of the people ordisobeys the rules of this Great Law
There is a system made to get rid of officials who are corrupt.
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you shall allow neither dust nor dirt to accumulat
Just a guess: Could it mean that dust means neglect, and dirt as corruption?
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they shall bewelcomed tot ake shelter beneath the Tree of the Long Leaves
They're open to welcome more groups of people within the Tree of Peace, therefore, making the figurative tree grow.
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spread soft with the feathery down of the globe thistle
Repetition.
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I plant the Tree of Great Peace
It's noted that they're not actually planting a tree, but it's figurative.
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- Jul 2025
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lume.ufrgs.br lume.ufrgs.br
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We arrive at an aporia, a dead-end, where it is hard to judge Father Flynn’s guilt orinnocence. In the factual world the verdict would go in dubio pro reo. In the fictional world,we have an open-ended story
This would be good. Talk about how the play encourages us to put ourselves in this situation in our world today.
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This is alegitimate way to face an artistic work about the impossibility of being sure about things
Remember the prompt! :D He agrees!
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oubt can be abond as powerful and sustaining as certainty. When you are in doubt, you are not alone
quote from the parable
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www.northiowa.org www.northiowa.org
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The bird is important, my dears, so heed him
Maybe they're talking to the audience?
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Al Jolson
Bro who did Blackface :)
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docdrop.org docdrop.orgUntitled9
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asdarkasthatroadafterthe lightsofthatcarhad goneaway.
Another mention of darkness. It seemed very dark because one of the lights in his life (his brother) went out.
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icydreadagain.
He only mentioned this at the beginning of the story.
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heplaygroundismost popularwiththechildrenwhodon’tplayatjacks,orskip rope,orrollerskate,orswing, and they canbefoundinitafterdark.
Perhaps the narrator is referring to the kids that get sucked into the life and addiction of drugs?
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eboth were seekingthroughourseparatecabwindowswasthatpartofourselveswhichhadbeenleftbehind.
Could it be that they were looking into their past selves? Did it mean that they left the worst part of themselves back in their old neighborhoods? In the ghetto
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I don’t want you to think it had anything to do with me being amusician.
A misconception for musicians to fall into addiction.
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“He don’t want todie. He wants to live. Don’t nobody want to die, ever.”
This got me thinking about a quote on page 2. This makes me think about the two darknesses the narrator was comparing. There's two types of living: The one where you're embracing life and enduring the challenges it comes with, then there's the other way of living where you only want to live under the life of drugs which is not exactly the best way to live for some people.
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“butalong timeagoIcometoschool high andSonnyasked me howitfelt
Seemed like Sonny was curious about drugs. He saw it all around him and eventually fell into addiction.
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Whenshesmiled one sawthelittle girl,onesensedthedoomed,still-strugglingwomanbeneaththebatteredfaceof thesemi-whore.
HUh
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peddling
Unknown word: To illegally sell
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Local file Local file
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drinking, smoking cigarettes
Drinking and Smoking is a common thing among these two characters despite their age. Could it be that they're just giving off the image that they're forced to become more mature than their age because of their circumstances?
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Roll up that tent every mornin case Forest Service snoopsaround.
Seems like this is a job that isn't actually meant to be a job for them. Perhaps its because they're underage? Or maybe it's because the job itself isn't allowed according to local leaders?
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chok
Unknown word: Having or causing difficulty in breathing.
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He had wanted to be asophomore, felt the word carried a kind of distinction, but the truck broke downshort of it, pitching him directly into ranch work
The main characters are very poor. They don't have enough funds to repair vehicle to go to school. Ended up doing ranch work to get money.
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fecundity
Unknown word: The ability to produce a lot of offspring
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inured
Unknown word: "Accustomed"
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Even when the numbers wereright Ennis knew the sheep were mixed. In a disquieting way everything seemedmixed
Could it be that Ennis was infatuated with Jack?
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Gun’s goin off,” then out, down, and asleep
What the fuck.
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