These supplements typically contain ingredients such as synephrine, caffeine, creatine, beta-alanine, taurine, and nitric oxide boosters [1,4,5,14]. Some of these components are commonly associated with adverse cardiovascular effects anecdotally and, due to the increasing use of MIPW drinks, this review sought to discuss and present the current knowledge on the safety and efficacy of the use of these products and their effects on cardiovascular outcomes.
These are the specific components and ingredients in pre workout that lead the heart problems and have lasting effects. The amount needs to be looked out when consuming different products.