Votive Offerings: votive offerings were considered gifts to the gods in ancient times. It is believed that the gift from the human to the god stayed within the gods sanctuary and became the property of the gods. (https://www.brown.edu/Departments/Joukowsky_Institute/courses/greekpast/4744.html)

the buyers in this market are from foreign countries and are longing for products that they can only get in their home countries.

beta-query-minus: derives from the grading system standard in the United Kingdom. Whitworth is not referring to the actual grade, but rather the grading that they give to us. (https://www.studying-in-uk.org/uk-grading-system/)