The independence of the ‘other Englands’ (as James Anthony Froude influentially described them in Oceana [1886])was to constitute a British Empire of ‘racial identity’ (as Charles Wentworth Dilke also influentially put in Problems of Greater Britain [1890]).
Interesting. The British Empire established "racial identity" which is different from ethnicity. Race is not specific because it focuses mostly on skin color, whereas someone's ethnicity gives full insight on their background.
envisaging
Contemplate or conceive of as a possibility or a desirable future event.
metropole
Parent state of colony.
This paper contributes to interdisciplinary reflection on settler colonialism and decolonisation by proposing an analysis of two characteristic traits of the “settler colonial situation”: isopolitics and deep colonising.
This is what the paper is about
Share on Facebook Share on Facebook Share via E-Mail Share via E-Mail PDF version The topic in brief• There is an ongoing debate about whether social media and the use of digital devices are detrimental to mental health.• Adolescents tend to be heavy users of these devices, and especially of social media.• Rates of teenage depression began to rise around 2012, when adolescent use of social media became common (Fig. 1).• Some evidence indicates that frequent users of social media have higher rates of depression and anxiety than do light users.• But perhaps digital devices could provide a way of gathering data about mental health in a systematic way, and make interventions more timely. <img class="" alt="Figure 1" src="//media.nature.com/lw800/magazine-assets/d41586-020-00296-x/d41586-020-00296-x_17665078.jpg"> Figure 1 | Depression on the rise. Rates of depression among teenagers in the United States have increased steadily since 2012. Rates are higher and are increasing more rapidly for girls than for boys. Some researchers think that social media is the cause of this increase, whereas others see social media as a way of tackling it. (Data taken from the US National Survey on Drug Use and Health, Table 11.2b; go.nature.com/3ayjaww) JONATHAN HAIDT: A guilty verdictA sudden increase in the rates of depression, anxiety and self-harm was seen in adolescents — particularly girls — in the United States and the United Kingdom around 2012 or 2013 (see go.nature.com/2up38hw). Only one suspect was in the right place at the right time to account for this sudden change: social media.
This shows a correlation between adolescent depression and the use of social media.
During these few months this overweight child has turned into a slender man with pectoral rosebuds on his chest, sweating, smiling at himself in the glass, and I yelp aloud because of the swiftness of youth, these gorgeous changes that insist that not everything is decaying faster than we can love it.
She starts off with explaining all the things about the neighborhood she dislikes. Then, she realized she did not give the neighborhood a chance to change. Her perspective has changed.
Occupy
The group raises awareness through chalking and providing resources to the community.
.
This paragraph deepens the setting of where the author lives. This shows a separated environment between poor people and middle-class white people.
because I decided that if I had to live in the South, with its boiled peanuts and its Spanish moss dangling like armpit hair, at least I wouldn’t barricade myself with my whiteness in a gated community. Isn’t it . . . dicey? people our parents’ age would say, grimacing, when we told them where we lived, and it took all my will power not to say, Do you mean black, or just poor? Because it was both.
She mentions the South because it is known for its racism. Therefore, her being white in the South is already a plus. Although, she would not use her skin color to be protected in a gated community even though older white people see it as unsafe because where she lives is filled with minorities.
Northern Florida is cold in January and I walk fast for warmth but also because, although the neighborhood is antique—huge Victorian houses radiating outward into nineteen-twenties bungalows, then mid-century modern ranches at the edges—it’s imperfectly safe.
She is giving readers an idea of what her neighborhood is like. Possibly to make her story more understandable.
I have somehow become a woman who yells, and, because I do not want to be a woman who yells, whose little children walk around with frozen, watchful faces, I have taken to lacing on my running shoes after dinner and going out into the twilit streets for a walk, leaving the undressing and sluicing and reading and singing and tucking in of the boys to my husband, a man who does not yell.
She's taken the responsibility to go on night runs to better herself and keep from yelling at her children.
positive potential.
This paragraph addresses that it would not be a good idea to ban anonymous apps because people have to consider aspects of it.
beliefs.
For others, anonymity gives people a chance to be blunt against popular opinion without being judged by peers.
comfort.
Anonymous apps are helpful to younger people who want to share their issues without people knowing who they are. Their character does not have to be judged because no one actually knows them.
.
It is believed that the reason why young people turn to anonymous apps is because of the anxiety of trying to keep up with regular social networks. In this way, no one has to show their identity.
.
This paragraph addresses the fact that younger people are emotionally tired with trying to keep up with unrealistic lifestyles that the social networks portray.
.
This paragraph addresses the issue of anonymous apps, which is the reports of cyberbullying that appears more than on regular social networks. Psychologist John Suler, calls it "online disinhibition effect." This means people do not feel responsible for their actions when their identity is unknown.
.
Other people view anonymity as beneficial to privacy and free-speech.
The explosive popularity of YOLO has led to warnings of the same problem that led to Yik Yak’s shutdown, namely that its anonymity could lead to cyberbullying and hate speech.
The popularity of the YOLO app came with cyberbullying and hate speech.
.
This paragraph explains the popularity of the YOLO app that launched in 2019, and it says that it is an app that lets users send anonymous messages.
Dance is a crucial part in the traditional Yoruba religion and it is their to serve the spirit. They see no harm in using their bodies for worship. In the Yoruba religion, it is believed that without humans, gods would not exist.
The Yoruba people in Nigeria, adapted Christianity into their practices. Drumming and dancing form an essential part in Christianity for the Yoruba people. However, in the traditional Yoruba religion, they dance to celebrate their ancestors. The spirits of the ancestors, known as a Egungun, return to the community to receive homage and exhibit their powers through dance.
Since Greeks did not believe in bodily pleasures, they did not like dance. Christianity opposed of sex, and dance could be erotic and people could easily lose themselves in it, so it was looked down upon. Paganism is into dance and if dance is apart of Paganism, then Christians wanted nothing to do with it.
Some Christians believe that since dance is movement of the body, it pulls away from spirituality. The idea of the lines crossed between body and spirit goes beyond Christianity. This is a thought from Western culture to ancient Greece.
The Greeks believe in Dualism (the belief of two supreme opposed powers or beings), so they fell for Christianity. There was one belief that the body was not as important as the soul, the another that the body is evil and it is part of materialistic things.
Shiva: Hindu god of dance
.
In this paragraph, she explains that being mixed results in not having an identity. The Mexican culture and the Anglo-American culture do not coincide with each other, so the cultures do not accept each other. This is why she feels like a nobody.
Raza
a civil rights advocacy group for Mexican-Americans La Raza is to Mexican-Americans what the NAACP is to African-Americans.
Si le preguntas a mi mamá, "¿Qué eres?" te dirá, "Soy mexicana."
If you ask my mama, "What are you?", She will say "I am Mexican."
Nosotros los Chicanos straddle the borderlands
After reading the rest of the paragraph, this sentence makes more sense. Chicanos "straddle" between borders because Mexicans remind Chicanos of their Mexican culture, but in America, Americans tell them that they should forget their culture.
mexicanos del otro lado and mexicanos de este lado
"Mexicans on the other side and Mexicans on this side".
Anglos
White people.
.
Anzaldua feels that she should not have to accommodate for the English language because it makes her feel like her language is illegitimate.
.
Chicano's and Latino's should take pride into their language.
.
This paragraph explains that there is no such thing as someone being more Chicana then another. Chicana's should notice each other as equal.
.
Chicana feminist would rather look down on one another then to be close because they are afraid that they will see the shame in themselves. The shame of their culture has been embedded in them since childhood, so when they look at one another, all they see is shame.
And because we internalize how our language has been used against us by the dominant culture, we use our language differences against each other.
Since Chicanas let the dominant culture make them believe that their language is illegitimate, they judge each other's legitimacy.
we speak an orphan tongue.
This paragraph emphasizes how the language is seen. Chicano Spanish is not noticed as a legit language.
somos huérfanos
"We are orphans."
burla
"Derision". Mockery.
mestizaje
"Miscegenation". People of mixed race.
Somos los del español deficiente
"We are the ones deficient in Spanish"
Deslenguadas
Translation in English is "foul-mouthed".
He’s been in the immigration holding facilities for a year now!
Alejandro is upset because he feels that even though his father played by the book, he still was done unjustly.