On GDP growth: On the one hand, costlier inputs and the subsequent increase in the prices of finished goods may have a positive impact on GDP while on the other hand, consequent decrease in demand due to higher prices could nullify this.

Inelastic Import : requirement cannot be changed much, and fluctuation in its prices lead to Current Account Deficit as it holds the major portion of Indian imports.

The Rise in value of inelastic imports leads to CAD.

Minimum to minimum government intervention in the market activities. Its not generally about trade between the countries but within a country where activities are influenced by market supply and demand.

• A. Namdev- Tailor
• B. Kabir - Weaver
• C. Ravidas- Cobbler
• D. Sena - Barber

1919 reforms :

• 1st time No confidence motion
• Voting rights to women
• council of state with 5 year term had only male members.

• Golden Mahseer - Endangered longest living omnivorous freshwater fish
• Pong Dam, Beas River, Himachal Predesh

Odisha Elephants :

1. chandaka national park
2. Simlipal National Park

DOLOMITE : in agriculture to increase the pH

Mahatma Gandhi National Marine Park is located in : Port Blair

Sunrise Industry - IT Industry Dogger Bank - UK

Meteorites burn up in Mesosphere.

Bromeliads are special plants that store water in leaves are in Amazon.

Base erosion and profit shifting (BEPS) refers to tax planning strategies used by multinational companies that exploit gaps and mismatches in tax rules to artificially shift profits to low or no-tax locations where there is little or no economic activity. The project headed by the OECD was initiated by the G20 in 2012.

Financial Stability Report 2 times a year by RBI

Extended Fund Facility by IMF to provide assistance to BoP

Agricultural Marketing & Farm Friendly Index : by NITI AAYOG

Global Manufacturing Index by WEF

• Intl. Intellectual Property INDEX by US Chamber of Commerce
• Intl. Intellectual Property REPORT by WIPO

The World Intellectual Property Organization WIPO is one of the 15 specialized agencies of the United Nations. WIPO was created in 1967 "to encourage creative activity, to promote the protection of intellectual property throughout the world"

International DEBT Statistics by WORLD BANK

WPI - Dept of economic advisor, DIPP, Ministry of Commerce.

Grandfathering provision of GAAR : investment before 1st April 2017 will be protected from applicability of GAAR. i.e only after 1st April 2017 will be applicable.

1st Draft of Economic Survey is prepared by "Department of Economic Affairs"

• 1st time in Economic Survey : Intl. Exports of states DATA and standard of living in those states.
• formal sector payroll after GST : 53%
• India got its first shipment of crude oil from America in 42 years on Monday, at Paradip port in Odisha. This follows the recent commitment on US oil purchases by Indian Oil Corporation (IOC) and Bharat Petroleum (BPC).
• if increase in $10/ Barrel --> GDP down by 0.2 to 0.3%
• Employment : Agriculture > Textile Sector

Portfolio Investment has no say in management

FDI and FII are the part of Capital Account

NBFC are need not to maintain deposits with RBI under CRR.

Repo rate is fixed bi-monthly by the RBI

In Tenor System in LAF, Banks cannot get all the money i.e usually 1% of NTDL at one time. It will be given to the banks by the RBI in phase manner on repo rate. eg 1st : 0.5% then 0.25% and then 0.25% left will be lend to banks on particular repo rate.

Bank rate and MSF are the same thing and considered to be called "Penal Rate"

India is the largest producer of SPONZE Iron, NOT Cast Iiron in the world. i.e Direct Reduced Iron

• Furnace - High Temperature + HydroCarbon Rich Gases eg. Methane, CO, Elementary C etc

India - 2nd Largest producer CH > IN > JP > US

• India : Low per capita steel consumption only 61 Kg as compared to the world average of 208 Kg

now outcome based budgeting is followed by india mostly

ASI (Annually for registered/organised manufacturing sector) + National Sample Survey (every 5 years - unregistered/unorganised sector including manufacturing) = complete picture

• both by CSO

IIP released by CSO MONTHLY after 6 weeks the end of reference year

• Laspyrere Formula of AM

Energy Transition Index - WEF

• Title : Fostering Effective Energy Transition
• India (78th) ranked below Brazil (30s) and China(somewhere near us) and even Russia (70)
• Topped by Sweden
• Energy Index, Architecture Energy Index by WEF
• 4th Industrial Revolution Initiative started by WEF
• CEPI by WEF
• Water Initiative in Rajasthan
• Enabling Trade Report by WEF

• 2018 22 April World Earth Day by Earth Network theme is "End Plastic Pollution"
• 2018 India 5th June World Environment Day theme is "Beat Plastic Pollution"
• Earth Overshoot Day by Global Foot print Network - 2nd August
• Earth Hour by WWF : 24 March

India is in talks with Russia to acquire S-400 Air Defence Missile System.

Hangul and Malabar Civet - Critically ENdangered

Blue Sheep or Bharal in Gangotri National Park [Gaumukh glacier, origin of Ganges is inside it] are losing their eye sight due to pollution in there.

• LEAST CONCERN
• shares its international boundary with china.

Cape Town, South Africa reached the zero water day this year.

• World Bank published Groundswell : Preparing for Internal Climate Migration

Kapra Lake, Hyderabad : Water Hyacinth (free floating perennial plant, native to South America)

Only UK, RJ and Manipur have enacted the Legislation regarding No Development Zone of 100m from the edge of rivers.

• Ganga river : from Haridwar to Unnao,UP No Development Zone

New Ant Species : Tetramoriumkrishnani and TetramoriumJarawa in Havelock Island, Andaman

Larsen C ice shelf [Largest] is monitored by britishers as part of MIDAS PROJECT

EPI by WEF + Yale and Colombia + 177/180

Idukki WS - in Kerala - biggest Arc dam in asia.

Zingiber Pseudosqu (A&N) Arrosum and other in Megalaya by BSI

Hakki Habba bird festival, Karantaka (not the 1st time)

• 3rd edition in Daroji sloth bear sanctuary

World Wetlands Day - 2nd Feb

Olive Ridley - Vulnerable + Omnivore

• Garirmatha is in Bhitarkanika WS
• Hope Island of Coringa Wildlife Sanctuary

Antarctic Krill - in Abundant and successful animal species on Earth and also contains Omega-3 fatty acids.

• declined by 80% since 1970s.

Noise Pollution is under AIR Act

Nagarjunsagar-Srisailam/ Rajiv Gandhi Tiger Reserve : Largest Tiger Reserve in India

• its Northern bank is Krishna River
• Chenchu Tribe : nomadic, shy, food gathering.
• Northern part in Telangana : Amrabad Tiger Reserve

States/ UT having more than 75% of forest and tree cover are : TOTAL 7 : 7 sisters - [excluding : Assam, Tripura] + Lakshadweep + A&N

Centre for Science and Environment (CSE) : NGO + New Delhi + "Down to Earth Publication fortnightly"

• Top think tank in India and 16th Globally. This ranking is given by Lauder Institute of University of Pennsylvania.

World Sustainable Development Summit, 2018 inaugurated by PM in Delhi

• Theme : Partnership for the resilient Planets.
• by TERI [NGO]

TERI also conceived GRIHA Green rating along with Renewable energy Ministry

Red Sanders - Thorium and Uranium - ENDANGERED - 'NO smell' + South AndraPradesh and North Tamil Nadu

• Red Snadalwood - KN + SMELL

Project Rhino - by 2020 - to increase the population in Assam fro 2000 to 3000 by 2020.

• by the department of Env and Forests, Assam.
• supported by WWF, IRF (Intl. Rhino Foundation) and NGOs.

Floating Treating Wetland - Neknampur Lake in Hyderabad, Telangana. + non-invasive emergent plants : Vetivers, canna, bulrush, tusli, ashwagandha, fountain grass, flowering herbs, hibiscus, citronella, cattails.

Tiger Census commissioned by National Tiger Conservation Authority and WII is coordinating it.

• with Bhutan, Nepal and Bangladesh.
• survey also measures the info on the prey population of deer and other animal.

N GOPALASWAMI COMMITTEE to select 20 institutes of Higher Education in India that will be developed into "World Class" Institutes

Cargenie Award - 2001 - every 2 years - Philanthrophy - Aziz Premji Godrej

Eklavya Schools : in Integrated Tribal Development Agency or where ST > 50% of the population

Sahitya Akademi [Minsitry of CULTURE] Awards :

1. Honorary Fellowship [HIGHEST]
2. Anand Fellowship
3. Premachand Fellowship

also gives yuva puruskar

National Council of Senior Citizens is headed by MINISTER OF SOCIAL JUSTICE AND EMPOWERMENT.

• made to implement 1999 policy.

KASTURIRANJAN COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION

• INCLUDED TSR SUBRAMANIAN COMMITTEE TOO.

National Trust is STATUTORY BODY under Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment.

• It created Inclusive India Initiative : Inclusive Education, Employment and community life.

1st State to make act related to Social Boycott Act : MAHARASHTRA + Fast track within 6 months

Rajesh Sharma vs State of UP : family welfare committee in each district with 3 members for Dowry related issues.

• Family welfare committee by district legal service authority (It complaint genuine) --> then to POLICE.

Malaria Elimination by 2030

Nagesh Singh panel recommended to switch to CPI-R[by CSO] from currently using CPI-AL[by Labour Bureau] for the calculation of wages of MGNREGA and others.

The petrochemical plants in India have various parts such as pipelines, rotating equipments, process plant static equipments, steel structures, and furnaces. The various kinds of petrochemicals that are made in the Indian petrochemical plants are:

1. Ethylene
2. Benzene
3. Butadiene
4. Propylene
5. PVC
6. HDPE
7. Polyester staple fiber

AARANYAK is a leading wildlife NGO based in Guwahati. It is a Scientific, Industrial Research and frontline environmental organization of India.

The Windhoek Declaration is a statement of press freedom principles put together by African newspaper journalists in 1991. The Declaration was produced at a UNESCO seminar, "Promoting an Independent and Pluralistic African Press," held in Windhoek, Namibia, from April 29 to May 3, 1991; it was later endorsed by the UNESCO General Conference.

Gagan Shakti is the biggest military exercise in decades undertaken by India to showcase its air dominance over the entire extended area of the Indian Ocean Region (IOR).

In a massive show of strength, the Indian Air Force (IAF) is conducting 'Gagan Shakti 2018', the biggest ever war combat game exercise on the Pakistan and China border.

Digital Saksharta Abhiyan (DISHA) or National Digital Literacy Mission (NDLM) Scheme :

1. Anganwadi workers
2. ASHA workers
3. Authorised ration dealers

Ministry of Rural

Only in rural India + by providing at least 100 days of wage employment in a financial year to every household whose adult members volunteer to do unskilled manual work

Passive Euthanasia - Allowed

• 2011 : Aruna Shandar Case of SC
• 2017 : Common Cause case Judgement of SC

Vice president is not the member of any house thats why he cannot preside in joint sitting.

• 1st sitting of the Loksabha
• Oath to MPs
• all powers of Lok sabha Speaker
• in the appointment of speaker and its oath

A funny trick to remember National Parks & Wildlife sanctuary in Assam from West To East..

MAN OR LADY RANGili HOLI Dabba ke khele..

• MAN- Manas Wildlife Sanctuary & National Park
• OR - Orang National Park
• LAdy- Laokhowa Wildlife Sanctuary.
• RANGili - Kaziranga National Park
• HOLI- Holongpar Gibbon Wildlife Sanctuary
• Dabba- Dibru Saikhowa National Park...

US pulled out from recent organization in 2017 :

• Paris aggrement
• UNESCO
• TPP
• U.N GLOBAL COMPACT ON MIGRATION

MINISTRY OF HEALTH

Critically endangered + Heaviest of the flying birds

• Desert National Park Sanctuary — Rajasthan
• Rollapadu Wildlife Sanctuary – Andhra Pradesh
• Karera Wildlife Sanctuary– Madhya Pradesh

Arid and semi-arid grasslands with scattered short scrub, bushes and low intensity cultivation in flat or gently undulating terrain. It avoids irrigated areas

1. There are seven major classical dance styles — Bharatnatyam from Tamil Nadu and Karnataka,
2. Kathakali, a classical dance-drama from Kerala,
3. Manipuri from Manipur,
4. Kathak from Uttar Pradesh,
5. Odissi from Orissa, and
6. Kuchipudi from Andhra Pradesh and
7. Sattriya from Assam which has recently been included in the fold of Classical Dances.
8. Add to this Mohiniyattam - KERALA too.

There are also several forms of dance-drama or folk theatre, such as the

1. Nautanki of Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh and Bihar,
2. the Bhavai of Gujarat,
3. Tamasha of Maharashtra ,
4. the Bengali Jatra,
5. the spectacular Yakshagana of Karnataka and
6. Theyyam of Kerala, all of which narrate legends of local heroes, kings and deities.

OECD

• Headquarter — Paris, France
• Official United Nations observer
• Organisation for European Economic Co-operation (OEEC) was founded in 1948 to help administer the Marshall Plan
• In 1961, the OEEC was reformed into the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development by the Convention on the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and membership was extended to non-European states

India is not a member but key partner (The countries which are invited for annual ministerial conference. Other key partners are – Brazil, China, Indonesia and South Africa )

1. International Transport Forum (ITF) (formally known as the European Conference of Ministers of Transport)
2. International Energy Agency
3. Nuclear Energy Agency
4. Partnership for Democratic Governance (PDG)
5. Trade Union Advisory Committee(TUAC)

1. OECD Economic survey of India
2. Government at a Glance
3. Education at a Glance
4. Agricultural Outlook 2017-2026 (in association with FAO)
5. Multilateral Automatic Exchange of Financial Account Information (MCAA) — multilateral convention on administrative assistance in taxation matters
6. How migrants can contribute to developing countries economies
7. Employment Protection Index
8. Your Better Life Index
9. Social Institutions and Gender Index (SIGI)
10. Green Growth Indicators
11. International Migration Outlook

• Vulnerable + warm and tropicl waters of pacific, indian and Atlantic Ocean.
• Arribadas — synchronized nesting in mass numbers.
• Operation Olivia — Olive Ridely Turtle protection program undertaken by Indian Coast Guard
• mating and breeding season — winter

Nesting sites in India

• Hope Island of Coringa Wildlife Sanctuary (Andra Pradesh)
• Gahirmatha beach (Odisha)
• Astaranga coast(Odisha)
• Beach of Rushikulya River
• Devi River mouth

• The special status that J&K has is guaranteed by the Constitution of India. Special category status is not ; it is decided by an executive order
• The Constitution does not include any provision for categorisation of any State in India as a Special Category Status (SCS) State. But, recognising that some regions in the country were historically disadvantaged in contrast to others, the SCS was introduced by Fifth Finance Commission in 1969.

• Geneva, Switzerland (1971 by Klaus Schwab)
• Formerly called European Management Forum
• International Organization for Public-Private Cooperation.
• Until 2012, it HAD (NOT NOW) observer status with the United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC); it is under the supervision of the Swiss Federal Council.

REPORTS

1. Global risk report, 2018
2. Readiness for the future of production
3. Global gender gap report
4. Inclusive development index
5. Global competitiveness report (index)
6. Global human capital report (index)
7. Travel and tourism competitiveness report (index)
8. Global energy architecture performance index report

Asim Dasgupta (West Bengal Finance Minister) committee by Atal Bihari 2000 on GST + Art 366 12A Amended + 101st CAA + Canadian dual Model + 1ST : France 1954 + 160 countires + Malaysia 2015 before India + smartphones : 12% + perfumes : 28% + Ayurvedic : 12% + electricity : 5% + HSN (Harmonised System of Nomenclature) Code will be used for classifying the goods under th GST Regime.

India has 2nd largest share holder in it after China

formulate financial instruments to effectively mobilize more than US$1000 billion dollars in investments that will be required by 2030

State governments will have to constitute a state-level sanctioning committee (SLSC) to avail of the flexi-fund facility.

• This facility is not for CSS which emanate from a legislation, like MNREGA

the mangrove forests represent an ecotone between marine and terrestrial ecosystem. Other examples are grassland (between forest and desert)

No Aboriginal Groups

• Lowest Population among UTs.
• majority of the indigenous population is Muslim and most of them belong to the Shafi school of the Sunni sect.The islanders are ethnically similar to the Malayali people of the nearest Indian state of Kerala. Most of the population speaks Malayalam with Mahi (or Mahl) being the most spoken language in Minicoy island

Bhavnagar is situated around two hundred km from the state capital Gandhinagar and to the west of the Gulf of Khambhat. It has always been an important city for trade with many large and small scale industries along with the world's largest ship breaking yard. Bhavnagar is also famous for Popular Gujarati snacks 'Ganthiya'.

In Bheemunipatnam, Andra Pradesh + Both Buddhism Hinayana and Mahayana

'Border Protection Grid' in states bordering Bangladesh

• Border Protection Grid (BPG) is a multi-pronged and foolproof mechanism to secure border. The grid will comprise of various elements namely physical barriers, non-physical barriers,surveillance system, Intelligence agencies, State Police, BSF and other State and Central agencies.Supervision: BPG will be supervised by a State level Standing Committee under the Chairmanship of respective Chief Secretaries.

Mamallapuram, or Mahabalipuram, is a town on a strip of land between the Bay of Bengal and the Great Salt Lake, in the south Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It’s known for its temples and monuments built by the Pallava dynasty in the 7th and 8th centuries.

• Open Air Rock-cut and free-standing structural temples.
• There are mandapa viharas also called cave temples with narratives from the Mahabharata,Shaivism, Shaktism and Vaishnavism with inscriptions in multiple Indian languages and scripts.

ADB offers both Hard Loans and Soft loans.

• ADB offers “hard” loans from ordinary capital resources (OCR) on commercial terms, and
• the Asian Development Fund (ADF) affiliated with the ADB extends “soft” loans from special fund resources with concessional conditions.
• Soft loans are usually given to developing countries in special needs such as reconstruction, social security, critical infrastructure etc.

initiated by the United States in 1899 and 1900 for the protection of equal privileges among countries trading with China and in support of Chinese territorial and administrative integrity.

The mission aims to provide continuous monitoring of the composition of the Earth's atmosphere. It provides wide-swath, global coverage data to monitor air quality around the world. make daily global maps of the gases and particles that pollute the air.

• It carries an instrument called Tropomi – a spectrometer that observes the reflected sunlight coming up off the Earth, analysing its many different colours. This helps detect the presence of trace gases such as nitrogen dioxide, ozone, sulphur dioxide, methane, and carbonmonoxide in the atmosphere.

Time Chronology of recent constitutions of some countries:

• Maldives[1998,2008]-->Bhutan[2008]-->Nepal[2015]

Only 3 times : Yokohama, Japan in 1994, in Kobe, Japan in 2005 and in Sendai, Japan in 2015.

• NGOs, Governments, private players etc.

Mahendravarma I who ruled in the seventh century was responsible for building temples at Panamalai, Mandagapattu and Kanchipuram. The inscription at Mandagapattu mentions Mahendravarman I with numerous titles such as Vichitrachitta (curious-minded), Chitrakarapuli (tiger among artists), Chaityakari (temple builder),which show his interest in art activities.

The New International Economic Order (NIEO) was a set of proposals put forward during the 1970s by some developing countries through the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) to promote their interests by improving their terms of trade, increasing development assistance, developed-country tariff reductions, and other means. It was meant to be a revision of the international economic system in favour of Third World countries, replacing the Bretton Woods system, which had benefited the leading states that had created it – especially the United States. This order was demanded by the Non-Aligned Movement.

The BJP government, through the Finance Act, 2016, had also changed the definition of a foreign company by saying a firm with less than 50% of share capital held by a foreign entity would no longer be a foreign source any more. This amendment also came into effect retrospectively from September 2010.