manifesto?? ^^ Seems somewhat 'aggressive', direct, and clear of motive.

Adding to McKenna's thought above - I think this quote makes it very clear that we need mainstream publishing (that protects male whiteness) to jump on board with this solution. I think this is where the idea of 'community' comes in as mentioned numerous times throughout this text.

I like the dimension of 'learning' and 'development' that is continuously brought into this text. It conveys a very particular sense of journey to publishing - there's not right or wrong, it's a constant learning process.

Is this implying that as it stands right now, most publications are not inclusive? Are most publications exclusive to the point that only those of that particular 'marginalized' group can come together and participate? Furthermore, what would this look like to open up to more 'active conversation and more inclusive communities'??

I really like this - it takes away the 'exclusive' aspect of many platforms and voices. Often times throughout the semester, I feel we have come across pieces that are a voice for marginalized groups - which they are. however, it's encouraging to reinforce the idea that it goes beyond just that... anyone can participate.

But...Could there be benefits to writing about something that you are not AS familiar with? As mentioned before, if you are not entirely accurate, it causes publishers to 'rethink' and therefore learn and restructure their writing. Of course, there's negatives - but could there also be positives in light of this situation?

Really interesting point - unfortunately, this reminds me of a conversation I had with my cousin a few years back. She is a CEO and founder of an online company in the UK. Upon asking her questions regarding the hiring of her staff, she blatantly told me that before she interviews anyone she will disregard their resume and look at their photo because "she can tell a lot by their image". This example, sadly, is point and case of this entire passage.

Okay fair - however, is this reading arguing that men are not presented with an equal opportunity to publish? Is society, as a whole not to blame for this? If more women are interested in publishing, then it naturally will be reflected in the ratio of men:women publishers. Just because women are overrepresented in publishing, does this mean that it is giving men an unfair opportunity?

Interesting point - is the power entirely in the hands of the biggest publishers? Are they currently choosing to not hire diverse peoples? Is this reading implying that there is a diversity of people applying, however generally whites are being hired over others?

Although the digital web increases opportunities of criticism, do you also think that the web could contribute to a more enriched publication? As Albertalli mentioned, the criticism she received helped her to ‘rethink’ her writing. This could also be seen as a beneficial factor - could it not?

We discussed this a few weeks back I believe in relation to manifestos. In circumstances as this one for example, is it ‘wrong’ to write on behalf of something that you have not personally experienced? An it do more damage than good to write on a topic that you are not particularly experienced in?

This seems to be something we socially constructed as a society, but is there a way of deconstructing this and re-constructing comics as something for everybody?

Interesting, I found the other reading to almost emphasize the opposite. This one focuses on the necessity of producing and selling in order t o keep comics around whereas, the other reading focussed on the messages that comics send. The other reading stressed that comics are nothing to do with reading mainstream audiences, whereas this reading focusses on the importance of revenue through comics.

Interesting point, however, does the spatial conflict not just come due to hard copy vs. Digital editions of these publications? If the comics were on paper as well, they too would be limited in space.

This reminds me of the conversation we had in class - what makes a publication important? Is it that many people view it? Or is it more the concept that it is published in general?

hmm… this sounds familiar. I feel as if we have run into the same ‘thesis’ for anearly every single reading we have had this class! Seems to be a common trend in the publishing world.

I wonder if these artists would choose to produce comics if the internet was not a thing? Would they still have the same degree of creativity and imagination on hard copy paper as opposed to the digital platform?

Does the digital era exploit this conception of intimacy? Podcasts can go viral online in many different ways - does this take away from the idea of intimacy?

Berry says “ten years ago…. Podcasting seemed to both democratize access and break content free from the tyranny of the schedule... despite this growth, podcasting does not seem to have crossed the line into mainstream media, with both radio and streaming music accounting for a larger share of ear”

Do you believe that Bottomley's idea of 'participatory culture' media can and has crossed the line into mainstream media? In what ways do the authors perceptions oppose one another?

Interesting … I feel like this is the case with most media platforms? Generally speaking, they are dominated by a few key players, but still provide anyone with access to have their voice be heard.

do listeners of the radio not have control in the same sense? what gives them more control to choose what is listened to with a podcast, as opposed to the radio or television per say?

I would be interested to hear about the exactly what this debate is between radio and podcasts. I agree with Murray stating that audiences are freed from the tyranny of live. It essentially allows media users to engage in a different way - rather than being given direct information from a specific source, audience members can now engage and become a part of the podcast of choosing

what is meant by 'niche' activity? Do you think that the popular advancement of Youtube contributes to this 'outbreak' of podcasts?

Can a zine not be created for conventional understanding? Does it always defy this?

how do capitalism and neoliberal practices tie into this statement?

similarly aggressive like the manifestos of last week

interesting to compare this statement to the idea of manifestos last week... I feel like manifestos targeted a specific oppressed group; or a group that felt they needed their opinions to be clearly expressed whereas, zines, in this case, want to "support all women" in general

what are these 'niche' audiences? are they not magnified through digital publishing as opposed to limited/ restricted?

I am not sure these algorithms are necessarily 'negative' per say... However, I get the sense that by taking away human recommendations, it almost disqualifies human participation- adding to the idea of robotics. Essentially, I feel it takes away individual commentary from this forum.

this reminds me of a critical paper I wrote on Amazon - discovering that working conditions for Amazon employees were horrendous reinforcing the idea of cyborgs and 'robotic/ mechanical functioning'

a clear example of why manifestos are necessary: "to unclog ears, to open eyes"

It's like photographs don't do the situation justice. You can't fully comprehend the reality of this crisis without being there to experience the devastation, the fumes, the stink etc.

I would argue this is still the case today - a movement requires a network/ an interconnection of individuals and/or organizations with a similar cause to 'sustain, inspire, and console'

Why would they argue this case - that radical print networks would do better individually as opposed to in collaboration and connection with other networks?

Interesting... do you think that publications today demonstrate promotion of other materials/ publications? I'm not sure I can think of any examples where this is paralleled in contemporary publishing.

again, the hierarchy. As Hannah says below, there's a difference between who runs the press and who the press publishes. Women of colour's work may be published by the press but it becomes a 'vexed question' when it comes to women of colour in policy making positions.

This reminds me of our discussion just the other week around the hierarchy tree - how even though women begin to move up in the ladder, there is generally always still a male that sits just another step higher. Women may gain managerial status, however, there is almost always a male as General Manager, CEO .. etc

Peter Kelly has some interesting views - doesn't it seem contradictory for him to be a leader of the Brotherhood when he enforces the idea that assimilation is inevitable? Could this pose problems with the foundation of the Brotherhood?

Really interesting statistic... this shows how corrupt the government was and still is today. It is a form of manipulation, giving the First Nation's people 'more' land but of lesser quality keeping the resourceful land for their own economic wealth.

Chapter 2 Questions:

“Adams straddled both white and Aboriginal worlds; he was firmly Haida but he had been educated at an Anglican school, where he not only had a glimpse of the white man’s world, but had been doctrinated into the school’s system of acculturation” p. 35

1. Can you think of any present day examples of how American media is infringing or changing a culture's traditional way of life through publications/social media platforms etc?

Andrew Paul - “he had gone to school, not to become a white man, but to use the tools of the white man to fight for his people. At the age of 15, he had been placed with a Vancouver Law firm…. But he could not be admitted to the bar because rule 39 of the Law Society of BC stated: “No person shall be admitted or enrolled who is not of the white race, of the full age of 16 years, is a British subject…” p. 44

1. Can you think of any present day examples of people/ cultures who are being prohibited from certain roles/ positions in society because of their race/ethnicity/culture etc? In what industries are people prohibited from these positions in society?

   3.Last week, Emily Sharpe drew a parallel from the Spanish Civil War between democracy and fascism. She referred to it as a battle between modernity and tradition; the growing recognition that modernity is about women and their right to knowledge. Can you think of ways that this chapter mirrors the discussion of modernity and tradition? Does Maisie’s relationship with the First Nation’s people initiate a pivotal moment in history where we transition from traditional white supremacy to giving First Nation’s a voice to protect their culture and people? In what ways have we seen benefits from The Native Voice?

   “Adams implored them to come together “we must talk as one, we must act as one. We will have an organization by organizing into a body. Then we will be able to talk to the government of the land, for only through an organized, united body will our voice be heard by the world” p. 37

4.Was Adams correct - was it the banding together that helped the First Nations to have their voice be heard? What was different this time than all their previous efforts to fight against the government? Could they have been successful without the help of white advocate Maisie?

Might be interesting to discuss how this still seems to be a trend today? Would you guys agree that often times Canadians refer to and site American news sources as opposed to Canadian sources? Are news sources today still written for American readers?

defined by google this term means 'an intellectual or literary female'.... why 'bluestocking'?

interesting use of the word 'obscure'. This demonstrates that she clearly did take on an important role in 1930's theatre, yet it was hidden by a male figure. Incredible example of sexism and inequality during this time. It's almost as if they did not want to highlight any prominent roles a woman might play during this time period.

Ashley's group

does the liberation of oppressed communities increase division amongst peoples?

Stemming from Hannah's comment above, this particular section reminds me of the film 'The Blind Side'.. a nuclear white Christian family with a white pickett fence that adopts and sympathizes with an abandoned black boy... placing upon him their morals, and religion. Essentially 'providing religious instruction' as noted above.

To be honest - I am not sure I fully understand the concept of 'virtualization'. Can we discuss this in tomorrow's class?

interesting correlation - shows levels of power in hierarchy yet again, emphasizes white supremacy and the correlation to power, truth, sacredness....

Does this not contribute to the racial oppression experienced by non western authors?

but can we also look at it from the opposite perspective: does print discourse potentially expand the potential for racial oppression?

Funny - I don't think any of us care about this anymore? In fact - wide margins, larger fonts and illustration is more associated with elementary level reading these days.